China News Service, Xinjiang Net, October 21st. In northern Xinjiang, can we harvest winter wheat and replant crops at the same time? Most people’s answer is no. And this kind of method can be replanted without clearing, plowing, or harrowing the land.

The technology of no-tillage and reseeding after wheat has been successfully tested in the Corps.

"This piece of silage corn adopts drip irrigation wheat followed by no-till and sowing technology, which can achieve two crops a year, increase the efficiency of the regiment farm and increase the income of employees, and promote the adjustment of the Corps' planting structure." On September 23, the 12th of the 7th Agricultural Division

The Fourth Regiment and the Fifth Company, looking at the re-sowing of silage corn on thousands of acres, Dr. Wei Jianjun, director of the Crop Institute of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told reporters excitedly. On the same day, the Science and Technology Bureau of the Corps organized experts to inspect the no-till and re-sown silage corn planted by this company.

Yield measurement. The yield measurement result is that the average number of plants per mu is 7542, the average fresh weight of silage corn per mu is 4.98 tons, and the maximum yield per mu is 5.64 tons.

On October 16, Yang Wei, an employee of the 5th Company of the 124th Regiment who had just harvested 226 tons of silage corn, was very happy because he could earn more than 20,000 yuan by planting 55 acres of no-till and re-seeded silage corn this year. According to the production department of the regiment

Section Chief Zhang Kanglin calculated that this year, the entire group planted more than 3,700 acres of no-till and re-seeded silage corn, with an average yield of 4.1 tons per mu and a maximum yield of 4.9 tons. The cost per mu is about 150 yuan compared to conventional re-seeding. This alone, the group farm

Cost savings and efficiency gains of more than 600,000 yuan.

Due to restrictions on light and heat, water resources, and crop varieties and quality, agriculture in Northern Xinjiang has been a one-year crop for many years.

In early 2008, experts from the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences organized and implemented the Xinjiang Science and Technology Support Project "Research and Demonstration of 'Two Crops a Year' High-Yield and Efficient Farming Model and Key Technologies in Northern Xinjiang". This year, focusing on the "Reduce Cotton, Increase Grain" proposed by the Xinjiang Corps Party Committee,

With the agricultural structure adjustment goal of “increasing livestock and increasing fruits”, the project team increased its research efforts and selected 6 sites in northern Xinjiang for research and demonstration.

According to reports, focusing on the cost and growth period issues that restrict the development of re-seeding technology, experts have proposed the concept of , that is, after the previous crop of drip-irrigated wheat is harvested, re-seeding is directly carried out without land preparation or plowing. This can advance the sowing date by 7 to 7 days.

9 days, extending the growth period of subsequent crops, and the drip irrigation tape of the previous crop can be used twice, reducing production costs.

In the past two years, after research and demonstration on more than 20,000 acres of land, experts from the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences have successfully mastered the core of the "two crops a year" farming model - the no-till and re-seeding technology of drip irrigation wheat in northern Xinjiang, and successfully explored

The cultivation model of no-till and re-sowing silage corn after drip-irrigated wheat stubble was developed. At the same time, experts also developed special early-maturing re-sowing silage corn varieties such as Xinyu 15 and Zaoqing 129.

According to Liu Jingde, deputy director of the Agricultural Bureau of the Corps, the "Research and Demonstration of 'Two Crops a Year' High-Yield and Efficient Farming Model and Key Technologies in Northern Xinjiang" project will be carried out after the drip irrigation wheat straw is crushed and returned to the field and the original drip irrigation belt in the field is maintained.

On the basis of this, the no-till precision re-sowing of silage corn was realized, which solved the main problems such as late sowing date and difficulty in emergence of seedlings that affected the "two crops a year" in northern Xinjiang. (End)

The wave of urbanization and farmers migrating to cities have brought about a large-scale transfer of rural labor. So who will fill the vacuum of rural labor? How to promote modern advanced agricultural technology? Can rural land be managed on a large scale? A reporter recently came to our province to implement the first "large-scale"

Dongming of "Baogan" is looking for the answer.

Now in Dongming, technologies such as no-tillage sowing of wheat and corn, mechanical harvesting of corn, and returning straw to fields, which have been pushed back for many years, have been recognized by farmers. Last year, the wheat harvest rate reached 98.4%; the no-tillage sowing area of ​​corn reached 250,000 acres, accounting for 10% of the planned area.

167% of the task; 391,000 acres of corn straw were returned to the field, and the straw return rate reached 97.7%. The application of new agricultural technologies also enabled farmers to save 30% of chemical fertilizers and 2.5 to 5 kilograms of seeds per mu; straw was returned to the field to protect moisture.

By saving water, wheat and corn yields increased by about 50 kilograms per mu compared to the previous period, which greatly stimulated farmers' enthusiasm for using agricultural machinery.

"At this stage, land is still an indispensable means of production for farmers. Through agricultural machinery cooperative organizations, hundreds of acres of cultivated land scattered among each household are 'integrated' together. Everyone grows the same crop, and farmers pay a certain fee and have the right to earn profits.

This achieves relatively intensive management," said County Magistrate Wang Weidong.

Conservation tillage (no-till sowing) technology is one of the key promotions of the Ministry of Agriculture during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. It can enhance the soil's water-holding capacity and improve precipitation utilization. Because reduces crop straw and stubble

Covered on the ground, the covering layer plays the role of reducing water evaporation, slowing down surface water flow and storing water.

Conservation tillage can increase the organic content of the soil, improve fertility, and increase the number of earthworms and other organisms. It is predicted that the number of earthworms in the soil will increase threefold after two years of , which can reduce soil wind erosion (flow) and water erosion (flow), which is effective

Reduce environmental pollution, reduce production costs, and increase output.

The implementation of mechanization technology can reduce the number of mechanizations by an average of 3-4 times compared with traditional operations, reduce production costs by 20%-25%, and increase yields by 10%-15%. It is simple to operate and takes a short time. Fertilization and sowing are completed at one time, reducing

The number of times the machinery enters the ground, the input cost of agricultural machinery is low, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is high. The technical route of (no-till sowing) technology mainly used in grain production is: wheat harvesting - chemical weeding - stubble covering the ground - no-till fertilization

Machine sowing of corn - manual seedling planting, weeding - corn harvest - no-till fertilizer application, machine sowing of wheat, straw root stubble and winter wheat covering the farmland for overwintering.

1. No-till corn sowing mode:

The row spacing * plant spacing should be 50cm*20cm or 45cm*20cm or 40cm*20cm.

2. Things to note in

1. Plowing or stubble removal (including manual stubble removal and mechanical stubble removal) is not allowed in protective tillage plots. Otherwise, the number of earthworms will be reduced and the purpose of protective tillage will not be achieved.

2. Cutworms in protective farming plots may cause serious damage to crops, so pesticides must be mixed with corn sowing. Watering in time after emergence can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling cutworms.

The management techniques for no-till corn sowing in projects are as follows:

1. Sowing at the right time

Determine the appropriate sowing date for resowing corn so that the light and heat indicators are met and the light, heat and precipitation required for each growth stage are consistent with the local nature. Generally, the earlier the sowing date for resowing corn, the better, preferably no later than 6

September 20th, the harvest period is preferably September 20th, and the full birthday is around 95 to 110.

2. Improve sowing quality and cultivate strong seedlings

Improving the quality of sowing is the key to achieving strong individuals, reasonable development of the masses, ensuring various fertility indicators, and then achieving planned output. Specific measures to cultivate strong seedlings, in addition to strict

In addition to selecting good seeds and treating them with chemicals to prevent underground pests, we must also pay attention to sufficient moisture and uniform moisture for sowing. When sowing, the moisture content is required to maintain about 70% of the soil's water holding capacity. When the moisture is insufficient, water should be added to create moisture before sowing, or after sowing.

Pour water over the head, and strive to make the moisture uniform. The sowing depth is generally 3-5cm, and the depth must be consistent. Pay special attention to the problem of lack of seedlings and broken ridges in no-till sowing before wheat. Be sure to increase the sowing amount, sow more seeds than the actual sowing amount.

The amount is about 10% larger. The focus of field management after emergence is to remove weak seedlings in a timely manner and leave strong seedlings, replenish seedlings, or use double seedlings to retain seedlings. For spots with uneven growth, "eccentric" supplementary application should be implemented

"fertilizer" to improve uniformity. Promote three-leaf thinning and five-leaf seedling measures. At the same time, combined with seedling reseeding and inter-seeding, timely cultivating and weeding can create conditions for root growth, strengthen the physiological activity of the root system, and promote root growth. Necessary

Apply seedling fertilizer in time.

3. Management based on leaf age indicators, scientific/management of fertilizers

Corn jointing management mainly adopts the leaf age index, watering according to different proportions, and on the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, adopts the front-light and back-heavy top-dressing method, that is: the first top-dressing method is when the leaf age index reaches 35-40

When the leaf age index reaches 60%, the total amount of top dressing is about 60%. When the soil moisture is insufficient, joint water and booting water can be combined with top dressing at the same time.

, which is very beneficial to increase the number of ears, increase the rate of double ears and form large ears.

4. Prevent and control pests and diseases

In addition to the application of disease-resistant varieties, we should also actively adopt pesticides and biological control technologies to comprehensively control pests and diseases. The control of underground pests is mainly concentrated before sowing, and soil pesticide treatment and pesticide seed dressing can be used; for the prevention and control of field pests and diseases, such as

: Aphids, armyworms, thrips, etc. should be well predicted and controlled with pesticides in time. By July and August, the main control targets are corn borer, red spider mite, cotton bollworm, large and small leaf spot and bacterial wilt. Pests

Attention should be paid to eliminating the first generation of larvae. Corn borers usually use methods such as spreading drug granules during the trumpet stage and applying mud during the silking stage. For large and small spot diseases and bacterial wilt of corn, disease-resistant varieties and field improvement are mainly used.

Microclimate and other measures to mitigate diseases and reduce yield losses.

While taking the above-mentioned measures well, we should also take technical measures such as artificial assisted pollination and pruning of tassels to ensure timely harvesting of harvest indicators.

In short, as long as the above technical measures for promoting and controlling are flexibly grasped and applied according to local conditions, various indicators can be developed in the predetermined direction according to people's requirements and achieve the goals of high yield, stable yield, low consumption and high efficiency.

As an advanced farming method, was promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been popularized around the world, and has been promoted and applied in more than 70 countries around the world. The implementation of can protect farmland, reduce dust, store water and moisture, resist drought and save water,

Fertilizing the soil, increasing soil organic matter, promoting the return of straw to fields, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing yields, reducing costs, increasing income and other effects, it is an economic and ecological benefit that is both current and long-term, both for farmers and the country.

Win-win farming technology has significant economic, ecological and social benefits. Fully promoting conservation farming is an important way to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. It is important for promoting the reform of China's farming system, improving the quality of cultivated land, reducing and resisting disasters, and improving comprehensive grain production.

It is of great significance to build energy-saving agriculture, environmentally friendly agriculture, green agriculture and ecological agriculture, and to promote agricultural efficiency and farmers' income.

China is one of the major arid countries. The area of ​​arid, semi-arid and semi-humid arid areas accounts for 52.5% of the land area, covering 16 provinces, cities and autonomous regions north of the Kunlun Mountains, Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River.

The area of ​​livestock farming has reached more than 50%. At the same time, most of the dry farming areas in our country have been following the traditional plowing of soil and bare fallow farming methods. Due to the implementation of fine harrowing, the soil structure is destroyed and the water and fertilizer content of the soil is reduced.

The exposed cultivated land surface soil has also aggravated the ravages of sandstorms, soil erosion, intensified drought, and serious wind erosion and desertification. In recent years, especially since the beginning of 2009, a winter drought has occurred over a wide range, lasted for a long time, and affected a large area.

It wreaked havoc in the north; in 2010, a once-in-a-century drought occurred in the five provinces and cities in southwest China: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan and Chongqing.

The main reason is that due to global warming, the Pacific El Niño phenomenon has intensified and destroyed the atmospheric structure, causing the ocean monsoon to be unable to land and form rainfall. However, we cannot but see that there are many man-made factors: deforestation, deforestation, land cultivation, water and soil pollution, etc.

loss, expansion of urbanization, insufficient construction of rural water conservancy facilities, reduction of water sources, etc. In the future, we should continue to implement afforestation, actively build water conservancy facilities, and vigorously promote the implementation of water-saving measures and scientific farming and protective cultivation techniques. China Agricultural University research team

After nearly 9 years of continuous experimental research in Shanxi Province, a set of protective tillage technology systems suitable for China's national conditions have been initially developed. The results show that mechanized protective tillage technology can reduce surface runoff by about 60% compared with traditional farming technology.

Reduce soil loss by 80% and reduce wind-blown sand by 60%; at the same time, it can increase soil water storage during the fallow period, improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce operating procedures, increase crop yields, and ensure China's food security.

Since the 1960s, China has carried out individual technical experimental research and agronomic experimental research on . In the early 1960s, Heilongjiang State Farm carried out experimental research on no-tillage planting of wheat, and Jiangsu carried out no-tillage sowing of wheat on rice stubble fields.

research; in the late 1970s, Southwest Agricultural University studied natural no-tillage methods for paddy fields; in the early 1980s, as people’s awareness of the importance of dryland agriculture increased, Heilongjiang Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Agricultural University, Shaanxi

The Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, etc. have all carried out experimental research on subsoil tillage, covering or reducing tillage, and achieved significant results in drought resistance and yield increase. China began to carry out protective farming in the 1970s.

After more than 10 years of hard work, the system testing and equipment development of farming have achieved initial success, and have been demonstrated and promoted in more than 10 provinces, cities and districts, including Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Liaoning. With the help of domestic and foreign development experience, the system has been successfully implemented in different countries.

The area's protective tillage agronomic system and straw and surface treatment, implementation of no-till fertilization, sowing, subsoiling, weed control and other key operating technologies; no-till seeders, subsoiling machines, shallow loosening machines and other supporting equipment; protective tillage

The ecological effect, yield and soil effect tests have produced huge economic benefits. In recent years, Heilongjiang Province's agriculture has suffered from drought and flood disasters continuously. From 2001 to 2006, the average annual affected area was about 75 million acres. But in this unfavorable situation

Under such circumstances, the province's agriculture has experienced no landslides, but has achieved six consecutive years of bumper harvests. One of the important reasons is that Heilongjiang Province began systematic testing and machine development of protective farming in the 1980s, and began to fully implement conservation farming in 2003.

Sexual farming methods, especially Heilongjiang agricultural reclamation, pay close attention to deep loosening, no-tillage, and shallow tillage mode. That is, on the same cultivated land within three years, follow the deep loosening, no-tillage (no-fall autumn land preparation), and shallow tillage process.

Carry out autumn land preparation operations. In 2007, Heilongjiang Province encountered a rare summer drought in history. The affected area reached 90 million acres, of which the most severely affected 9 million acres were almost out of production. However, the plots that had undergone subsoiling and land preparation showed

Good disaster resistance characteristics. No-till, minimal tillage and deep loose soil preparation can be described as a "black revolution" compared to the traditional farming system. According to tests, the soil loosening depth reaches more than 30 centimeters, breaking the bottom of the plowed plot, and can increase more than 70 per acre.

tons of water storage capacity, which can significantly alleviate drought conditions. When floods occur, deep soil preparation can allow rainwater to quickly penetrate into the ground, and can also play a role in eliminating waterlogging.

The party and state leaders attach great importance to technology and its promotion and application. Premier Wen has made special instructions on this matter; in 2005 and 2006, the No. 1 Central Document proposed the development of .

The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Promoting Rural Reform and Development" adopted by the Central Plenary Session proposed that farmers should be "encouraged to carry out soil improvement, promote soil testing, formulated fertilization and protective tillage, improve the quality of cultivated land, and significantly

"Increase the proportion of farmland with high and stable yields". The Ministry of Agriculture lists the promotion of this technology as one of the 15 practical things that farmers should do, and as an important part of the "Nine Major Actions" to promote the construction of a new socialist countryside.

Main methods: (1) Returning corn straw to the field: Promote mechanical harvesting of corn (or manually move sticks) → Mechanical straw returning to the field → No-till fertilization and sowing of wheat → Surface covering. Straw is applied to the soil as organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility and reduce the cost of chemical fertilizers.

The application amount has played a leading role in ecological agriculture demonstration.

(2) Corn straw silage and micro-storage: promote the technical model of corn straw harvesting → straw kneading/rubbing (guillotine cutting) → drying (according to moisture content) → adding additives → mechanical packaging → manual wrapping → stacking and fermentation → commercial grass

. Develop technical specifications for each link from material selection, kneading, adding inoculants and strains, bundling and packaging, and storage, and operate in strict accordance with the specifications.
To be continued...