.

For a global situation, we must see that the losses suffered by the army are even more severe! But the houses have reached millions, and the affected area is concentrated in the most important provinces in China. The losses suffered by industry and agriculture have slowed down China's economy throughout the year by a half percentage point.

These losses have been caused and irreversible, and preventing what is about to happen has become the most important thing. After a major disaster, there will be a major epidemic. If it is not timely prevention and control and isolation, the livestock washed away by the water will cause the spread of the plague. This has been proven in history.

Disaster relief, then self-rescue after the disaster, and at the same time, doing a good job in sanitation and epidemic prevention is an inevitable process after a major flood. After three painful months, floods across the country began to recede, and the railways were restored after emergency repairs, and relevant government departments and regions in China all urgently launched disaster relief plans, and the disaster relief emergency mechanism was quickly operated.

When the flood first occurred, the central government urgently allocated flood prevention and disaster relief funds. According to the development of the disaster, the Ministry of Civil Affairs of China immediately launched a first-level response to the disaster relief work and entered an emergency response state. On July 11, the Zhengzhou Railway...|. passageway, in just one day, the 10,000 tents urgently allocated by the Prime Minister's Office were rushed to the disaster area of ​​Anhui at the level of a special train.

Governments in Anhui Province and various places along the Huai River have urgently launched disaster relief plans, and the transfer, resettlement, food, accommodation, medical care, etc. of the affected people are carried out in an orderly manner in parallel with flood control work. The finance, civil affairs and other relevant departments have adopted the method of urgent matters and special matters to speed up the underground allocation of disaster relief funds and materials. They have also sent officials to supervise and inspect to ensure that the allocated funds and materials will arrive in the disaster area immediately for use. The health and epidemic prevention department has launched a disaster relief and epidemic prevention plan. It quickly transferred all the medicines stored in more than 1 million yuan to the disaster area, and sent a medical team to the disaster area for inspection and conducting health and epidemic prevention work.

Anhui Province, as a severely affected area, urgently allocated nearly 100 yuan of flood prevention and disaster relief funds to ensure the needs of flood prevention and rescue and resettlement of disaster victims; more than 100 medical teams and 4 medical personnel have been sent to provide medical and epidemic prevention services in the disaster area. Now, nearly one million victims transferred and resettled in the Huaihe River Basin in Anhui have stable lives. Although the disaster area is seriously affected, no major epidemic has occurred in the end.

712. Anhui Province allocated the 1,400 yuan disaster relief funds allocated by the central government to the affected counties (districts). It is mainly used for the living arrangements of the needy people transferred out of the emergency stage, to solve the problems of water shortage, firewood and vegetables for some people surrounded by water, as well as the construction of houses after the disaster in some areas.

Li Xiaoya is an ordinary farm girl, but the flood gave her an unusual experience. When the flood came, Li Xiaoya's grandmother and her group had just walked past a ridge of the field when they heard the yelling and the rumbling of the river on the embankment. Seeing that the situation was not good, grandmother held Li Xiaoya with one hand and held her second sister Jiang Li with the other.

Li Xiaoya's mother and elder sister each hugged a younger brother, and followed closely behind. In a short while, the river rushed up, and the water flooded Li Xiaoya's waist. The powerful water flowed her mother, elder sister and younger brother. Grandma just grabbed a small tree, and the three grandchildren were not swept away by the waves. The beloved relatives were missing. Li Xiaoya couldn't help crying.

The flood was getting higher and higher, and it seemed that the little trees could no longer protect themselves. They wanted to wade through the water, but their 60s could not walk any more. They didn't want to drag their grandchildren down, so their grandmother shouted to them: "Run quickly. Child, don't care about me..." At this time, a soldier swam over and took them to two small poplar trees, and told them to hold the tree tightly, and then went to save other victims.

Grandma and Li Xiaoya hugged the ground tree together, but a huge wave hit. The small tree was broken and the water had already spread to the neck. Fortunately, Li Xiaoya could step on water. Grandma was touching and dragging her granddaughter to find a tree that could be climbed. Finally, she finally found a land tree that can be stopped. The flood swayed her body again. Grandma tiptoed and pushed Li Xiaoya to the tree and said, "Child, climb up a little. Hurry! Climb the tree quickly, don't sleep, wait for the uncle who is the red five-star to come..." Another wave came, and Li Xiaoya never saw her grandma again.

The night was dark, and I couldn't see my fingers, and I could only hear the roar of the flood. The water flow became faster and faster, and the small tree held by Li Xiaoya swayed left and right, squeaking. Then, the water rose again, and it reached its neck. Li Xiaoya climbed up again. Several times the trunks slipped out of her hands, and she choked in the waves and drank a few sips of water... After several struggles, she finally found a small poplar tree, climbed up hand by hand, and stepped on it with her feet, and finally could rest.

At about 5 a.m. the next day, rescue personnel from the Hubei Fire Brigade of the Armed Police Force accidentally discovered something on a tree through the misty sky on the assault boat. When they drove closer, they saw a child lying on it. The child's body was soaked in water, his pants were naked by the flood, his eyes were slightly opened, and he was dying.

The sixth-year-old girl Li Xiaoya was soaked in the torrent for 9 hours and was finally rescued and survived. This is a miracle of life. The reason for this miracle was that her grandmother pushed her onto a small tree in the water at a critical moment and told her not to panic and wait for someone to rescue her. The second said that the armed police officers and soldiers discovered her in time and rescued her onto the assault boat.

Third, Li Xiaoya can swim, climb trees, and have the skills to save herself in the flood. Fourth, Li Xiaoya has extraordinary perseverance. After struggling in the flood for 9 hours, many adults could not hold on, but she held on. This kind of perseverance is beyond the reach of many urban children and only children. Fifth, Li Xiaoya was quick and quick, grabbed the little tree in time and held it alone. Sixth, his parents spoiled her less and trained her ability to act independently.

What is more important is that Li Xiaoya's ability to survive from death is because of her own "wildness". Although Li Xiaoya's parents have not hired a tutor to provide her with special training, and Li Xiaoya has no chance to receive special "hardship" education, the training of life has made her "self-taught": she has learned abilities that ordinary children have few. Don't underestimate those small abilities such as playing water and climbing trees. It is these small abilities that played a big role in the flood that time.

It was promoted by major media outlets across the country, especially at Central Radio and disaster relief parties, the six-year-old girl was the most concerned little victim in the decisive battle of flood control and rescue. Many children from all over the country wrote letters to her, praising her agility and tenacity, and sent her a lot of stationery supplies and money.

Not only that, after learning about Li Xiaoya's deeds, Chinese and people from European and American countries all generously donated money to help the Chinese disaster that was struggling to survive the flood. Li Xiaoya became the representative of the people affected by the flood in 1903. But in 1903, the charity foundation received a donation of 30 million yuan. With the help of these kind-hearted people, the disaster relief work began to go smoothly. The Ministry of Civil Affairs of various places announced the progress of disaster relief, which made Zhao Gang finally breathe a sigh of relief.

Reports from the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Anhui

At the resettlement site in Huangtai Village, Shou County, the special disaster relief tent has been distributed. At around 12 noon, local people were cooking. Xu Changsong, the person in charge of the resettlement site, said that after the flood, they quickly transferred the victims and placed them in the special disaster relief tent set up in advance, and distributed special disaster relief items from house to house. The power was also connected to the special disaster relief tent and sent a one to each house.

Water and 15 kg of rice.

Report from the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Chongqing

On the 719th, Chongqing received 14 million yuan in government emergency subsidies for disaster relief. As of 12:00 on the 20th, the Chongqing Civil Affairs Bureau had urgently allocated 330 disaster relief tents, 2,500 quilts, 12,000 towels and quilts, 50 emergency lights, 2 candles, 2,000 flashlights, 10,000 instant noodles, 10,000 bags of biscuits, and 20,000 bottles of mineral water to the severely affected areas such as Tongliang, Bishan, Shapingba, Hechuan, etc. At the same time, we actively seek support from the Ministry of Civil Affairs. The 800 tents transported from Sichuan arrived in Chongqing at 3 a.m. on the 20th, and are being distributed to all affected areas and counties, and 1,000 tills transported from Tianjin.

Chongqing's next step will strengthen the life assistance of disaster victims, properly arrange the lives of disaster victims, ensure that disaster victims have food, clothes, accommodation, clean water, and medical insurance. We will ensure that disaster victims have a good time to rebuild their houses and ensure that disaster victims live in new houses before the Spring Festival.

Reports from the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Chengdu

Since the 72nd, Sichuan Province has suffered from a wide range and high intensity this year. Weather process has led to severe floods, mudslides, landslides and other disasters, and people's lives, property and industrial and agricultural production have suffered serious losses. As of 720, the government has allocated more than 32 million yuan of emergency funds for disaster relief, which has strongly supported Sichuan's disaster relief.

Sichuan Province has allocated 10,000 yuan of disaster relief funds according to the scale and severity of the disaster areas. The disaster relief funds and materials have been distributed to the affected people one after another, and urgently transported the roof of the tent, more than 70,000 pieces of clothing and quilts, 1,340 grain and oil, and the affected people who are scattered have food, clothing, accommodation, drinking water, and medical treatment. 574 medical and epidemic prevention teams were sent in a timely manner to treat more than 12,000 wounded people and disinfect more than 3,900 meters to ensure that there is no epidemic after the disaster.

Reported by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Zhengzhou

Since the beginning of the flood season, heavy rainfall has occurred in the Huaihe River Basin in Henan Province, causing floods and floods, and disasters in some areas have been severe.

In the face of floods, Henan Province urgently allocated disaster relief funds and various types of disaster relief supplies, and all sectors of society also extended a helping hand to the people in the disaster area. Henan Province received a total of 36 million yuan of emergency relief funds allocated by the central government. Henan Province also allocated living disaster relief funds, productive disaster relief funds and special flood prevention funds each. Relevant personnel from the Henan Provincial Department of Civil Affairs introduced that all types of disaster relief funds and materials have been distributed in place.

The Ministry of Civil Affairs of Wuhan, the worst-hit area, reported:

Since July 17, the Ministry of Civil Affairs has allocated 39 million yuan of disaster relief funds to Hubei Province, of which more than 10 severely affected areas such as Jingshan County, Wufeng County, Badong County, and Zhongxiang City are mainly used for living arrangements for people who are in need that are transferred out of the emergency stage, as well as building houses in some areas after the disaster, to ensure that the victims have a place to have food, water to drink, clothes and quilts, and illnesses can be cured.

After emergency funding and a lot of meticulous and patient aftermath, no epidemic occurred after the flood, which also became a milestone in the history of disaster relief and was remembered by the Chinese people. The flood was fierce, taking away hundreds of thousands of people's declarations and more than one billion yuan of property, giving Zhao Gang unacceptable losses. However, if you look back, can you say that no one has obtained the factor?

After dealing with these, Zhao Gang turned around. The first thing he had to deal with was the tofu project.

This flood also affected Pingyao, and as a result, a section of the walls collapsed in the famous Pingyao Ancient City in Shanxi. According to a staff member of the Pingyao Cultural Relics Bureau, "This section of the wall was built in the Ming and Qing dynasties. At that time, local materials were used inside and were not suitable for building city walls. If weathered in an environment with heavy alkalinity, it would suddenly collapse." Finally, the staff believed that the collapsed walls could be said to be the "scrambled project" in ancient times.

Zhao Gang was so moved when he learned this news. The "tofu project" that the ancients practiced was able to last for 400 years. Then he persisted in the flood for one month, and finally exposed it to the sun for half a month before he fell down.

There is also the wooden tower in Yingxian, Shanxi Province, which has a history of 960 years and still stands tall; Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei Province has experienced 1,300 years of storms and thriving, and its mighty style remains unchanged back then. Although the flood has passed, it still cannot move at all; Dujiangyan, Sichuan Province, has a long life of 2,200 yuan, and has not yet seen its old age.

Zhao Gang couldn't help laughing. Today's high-quality project is not to mention that it is comparable to Dujiangyan and Zhaozhou Bridge. If it can reach the level of "400 tofu project in Pingyao Ancient City, it is no, you only need to be able to hold up to 200 and you will be overjoyed. It is a high-quality project among high-quality projects.

This is really hard to understand. At that time, technology and materials were far from being compared with today. There was neither steel and cement, cranes, leveling instruments, and slogans of "a century-old plan. Quality first"; there was no quality supervision, no "Lu Ban Award" and "Liang Sicheng Construction Award". However, even the "tofu shoddy project" that was not very caring and unqualified for 40 years has been used for 40 years.

On the other hand, the current construction situation of our today is that there are many high-quality "tofu shoddy projects" are common. How to solve it? Should we send special people to supervise the money and waste money as before, and then do the project more solidly? Other projects that are not supervised still have hidden dangers? Zhao Gang began to think hard and find a good way to solve the tofu shoddy.

At the end of the Xunyang River, climb the embankment and look out. One end of the embankment is the rolling river water, and the other end is a tranquility. A group of old men are playing cards around watermelons.

July 4, 1905.|+|, but now the tension of previous years is gone on the dam.

"We hope to have a special fruit that exceeds the 1954 year." Standing on the new cement dam between the No. 45 channel gate of Jiujiang City City Breakwater, Song Tiancheng told reporters, "This is of course a joke. No one who works in water conservancy wants to see floods. This shows our confidence in the rebuilding of the embankment." According to the data, the flood level when Jiujiang broke its dam in 1903 was 23.03 meters, while the water level in 1954 was 23.

In contrast to today's Luo's confidence in fighting floods, this place was once a nationally renowned "scrap project". In 1903, it was breached due to the quality of the project: |

However, the former "tofu shoddy project" has now transformed into a "high-quality project". Song Tiancheng is an old water conservancy project with more than 40 years of service. He is currently the director of the Technical Department of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Command in Jiujiang City. His eight-fold book: Every bit of the restoration of the Yangtze River embankment.

After the flood in 1903, according to the State Committee of Jiujiang, the municipal government established the Jiujiang City Urban Flood Control Engineering Construction Command. The collapsed dike remnant project was designed by the Yangtze River Exploration Planning and Design Institute of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission with Class A qualifications; the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission Engineering Construction Supervision Center was supervised; the Yangtze River Basin Branch of the Ministry of Water Resources Water Conservancy Engineering Quality Supervision Station and the Jiangxi Provincial Water Resources Department Quality Supervision Station jointly supervised the project quality; through public bidding, the Gezhouba Group Basic Company won the bid for construction.

December 1903

The kou Fudi project was officially started and was completed on 530th in 1904. According to the first-level dike, it was 479 meters in total and the top of the flood control wall was 25 meters high. After the project was completed, it endured the second highest flood test in the history of Jiujiang and Yangtze River in 1904, and there were no engineering risks.

The comprehensive renovation project of the embankment was completed on 1229, 1908, and the entire embankment passed the national completion acceptance. The project met the design standards and was sufficient to withstand the major flood in 1954. That is, the water level of Jiujiang Station meter.

"From the design to the completion of the embankment, we have undergone layers of rigorous process assessments. For this reason, the country has invested 340 million yuan. The Jiujiang embankment has completely removed the hat of Doucheng." Director Song said confidently.

Management Change

"After the comprehensive rectification, the dam has the ability to withstand the invasion of extreme floods, but whether there is such a defense capability in a few years depends on the maintenance and management of the Yangtze River embankment in the future." Director Song was deeply touched by this.

In the past, the management and maintenance of the dams in the Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River were typical of "many and many political outlets": the total length of Jiujiang urban embankment is 17.46 kilometers, and the dams at the places where the Yangtze River flows through the Yangtze River are managed by the Water Conservancy Bureau of the county and districts where they are located; there is also a Yangtze River Embankment Command called Jiujiang City is specifically responsible for the management of project funds and control of financial power.

"This kind of working mechanism is not conducive to coordinated operations between various departments, especially the relatively independent administration and finance, which can easily lead to management chaos." An official from Jiujiang City Flood Control and Drought Relief Command commented.

In response to this, the Jiujiang Municipal Government withdrew the following text in 1907 >: The River Embankment Command was established in September 1908.

After the flood in 1903, the Yangtze River. The embankment was ordered to be rectified and passed through the Ministry of Water Resources in 1908. Afterwards, its management and maintenance responsibilities were handed over to the Jiujiang Hetao Management Bureau, which is the second-level bureau of the Water Resources Bureau, for unified management.

At the Jiujiang Flood Control and Drought Relief Command, a feasibility report on the reinforcement and rectification of the Jiujiang Yangtze River embankment that the Jiujiang Yangtze River embankment required maintenance and management of the Jiujiang Yangtze River embankment, and the annual maintenance funds required more than 70 million yuan +=|Almost one person in the Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River is responsible for one kilometer. Just a simple calculation, the management and maintenance cost per kilometer is more than 350,000 yuan.

"The establishment of the new management system brings efficient and high-quality management, which makes up for the loopholes in the management of the former Jiujiang embankment." said an official in Jiujiang City.

The old and new world

When the reporter came to the Jiujiang City Flood Control and Drought Relief Command, it was quiet. The sign at the entrance of the gate simply registered: "On July 4, the water level of the Jiujiang Yangtze River was 18.41 meters."

"This is not a problem. Last year, the water level of the warning line of the Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River was still set at 19.5 meters, but this year it has been raised to 20 meters." An official from the command center said, "Although the flood season between the end of June and mid-August is the flood control period of the river landlords, the flood resistance capacity of the dam has been improved by the comprehensive renovation of the dam. So far, the Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River is safe."

But in the past, as long as the main flood season entered, male cadres of various party and government departments of Jiujiang City had to take turns to go up the embankment. When the water level was above the 19.5 warning line, the main leaders of the municipal party committee had to go up the embankment to command. Now, even if the water level rose to the 20-meter warning line, they just had to organize a working team to go up the embankment.

"The water level rises, and the flood control form has become much easier. This change is precisely due to the reconstruction of the flood control embankment." The official was obviously relatively relaxed. "The manpower, material resources and financial resources saved during the flood control period are a considerable amount of money."

At the 45th gate of the city defense gate where the break occurred in 1903, the reporter saw several slogans similar to "Forever, the Party and the people's dikes are in their hearts" and "Sleeping ships to block the entrances, creating miracles of flood fighting; restoring the dikes and setting a halo, creating a monument to the century."

A scene of history reappears before your eyes: In 1903, it was here that a major pipe surge occurred. On the 87th, the breakwater of Jiujiang City that shocked the whole country broke. Although 240,000 soldiers and civilians fought continuously at night, the gap in Jiujiang was still not blocked, and the collapse of the dike caused more than 100,000 people to disappear.

Now, the place where the flood fighting in 1903 has become a place to be seen, and it will become a good place for leisure tourism." Director Song said, "Jiujiang City plans to build a memorial square on the original site of the Yangtze River embankment collapse in 1903."

According to Director Song, it was not a whim that the city had this idea. As early as after the flood in 1903, Jiangxi Provincial Committee Member Wang Xiancai and three others had a "Suggestion on Establishing a Permanent Monument (or Memorial Hall) at the Gate 4-5 of Jiujiang".

According to insiders, the construction of the flood control memorial square has passed the approval of the Prime Minister's Office and has been included in Jiujiang City's investment promotion project. It has become one of the two major cities in Jiujiang City this year. Construction is expected to start in the second half of this year.

Undoubtedly, this will become the best testimony of the "tofu" turning into "high-quality products".

In order to supervise the construction of these people, Zhao Gangzhou found inspiration from the Romans' practices. When the Romans divided bread, one person divided the bread into two pieces, and the second person chose to get the bread himself. Zhao Gang's method was to ask the two companies to bid, and then let one provide a two-point work plan, and the other one chose first.

In addition, the winning plan is disclosed by a neutral professional institution to the relevant local stakeholders. Finally, they vote to choose the final winning plan. During the construction period, a special agency is responsible for communicating and coordinating with stakeholders. This is the origin of the Chinese hearing system. After that, the hearing has become a system and plays its role in more and more places.

Hearings originated from Britain and the United States, and are a system that introduces the model of judicial trials into administrative and legislative procedures. Hearings simulate judicial trials, and debates between two parties with opposite opinions, and the results are usually binding on the final treatment. Specifically, the decision-maker must respond to any opinions raised at the hearing, otherwise the relevant behavior may be invalid.

In American administrative law, formal hearings usually include a lottery-scoring opposing parties, and the administrative authority will assign an administrative judge to preside over the presidency. The hearing will completely clone the court debate. Both parties will not only express their opinions, but will also put forward their own witnesses and documents to support their views. In the end, the administrative judge must make a final decision like a court trial. The judgment must respond to the views of both parties in detail, otherwise the ruling may be invalid due to procedural issues in judicial review.

In China, hearings are given greater rights. Not only are they required for economic activities (tenders), but hearings are often used in legislative procedures. Hearings in legislation are relatively casual. The hearing representatives generated by lottery express their opinions on a certain bill, which will become an important reference for lawmakers when voting.
Chapter completed!