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Ji (jī) Kang (224-263[1], one of them was 223-262), whose courtesy name was Shuye. He was from Ji County, Qiao State (now Bianxi County, Anhui Province) [2]. He was a thinker, musician, and writer of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.

Ji Kang was smart since childhood, read a lot of books, learned a lot of art, and loved the theory of Laozi and Zhuangzi. He was seven feet and eight inches long and had outstanding looks. Later, he married the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Wei, Cao Cao, as his wife [1], and was appointed as the doctor, and was called the doctor of Zhongsan. He was known as "Ji Zhongsan". Later, he lived in seclusion but refused to serve as an official, and was repeatedly refused to become an official. Because he offended the Sili school, Zhonghui, and was framed by him, he was executed by the powerful general Sima Zhao. At the age of forty.

Ji Kang and Ruan Ji and other famous bamboo forest scholars jointly advocated a new metaphysical style, advocating "retraces the famous teachings and taking nature", "judging the noble and humble and communicating with the emotions of things" [3], becoming the spiritual leader of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". Yuan Hong listed him as one of the "Famous Sages of the Bamboo Forest" [4]. His deeds and experiences had a huge impact on the atmosphere and value orientation of the times in later generations. Ji Kang was good at poetry and prose, and his works were clear and stern, reflecting the thoughts of the times, and brought many inspirations to the ideological and literary circles of later generations. He also paid attention to health preservation and wrote "On Health Preservation". Now "Ji Kang Collection" is passed down.

Source of the picture in the overview: "Portraits of Famous Officials of All Ages" [5]

"[18](It is said that "Guangling San" was not written by Ji Kang alone, but was given by an ancient man when Ji Kang was traveling to Luoxi) After finishing his speech, he calmly killed him at the age of forty. No scholars in the country did not regret it. Sima Zhao soon realized his mistake, but regretted it.[19]

Xie Wan, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, listed him as one of the "Eight Sages".[1] In "Biographies of Famous Scholars", Yuan Hong also called Ji Kang and seven others "Famous Scholars in the Bamboo Forest".[1]

Main influencesEdit

Literary Achievements

Main entry: Zhengshi Literature

Ji Kang's literary creation mainly includes poetry and prose. His poems currently have more than 50 poems. There are four-character, five-character, seven-character and miscellaneous words, and the four-character achievements are higher. He Zhuo's "Wenxuan Pin" stated: "The four-character is not restricted by "Feng" and "Ya" and directly writes the words in his heart. This is Shuye higher than Pan and Lu." His four-character poems are a number of successful works after Cao Cao. [20]

Ji Kang's poem mainly expresses his life's outlook on nature, lofty and independent, and hates fame and wealth. Among them, "The Angry Poem" describes his life experiences and ideals and ambitions, and expresses great indignation for his innocent grievances. At the end of the poem, it says: "Picking the Weiwei Mountains, radiating the rocks and valleys. He roars and chants forever, and keeps his life longevity." It expresses his yearning for a free life. The poem is sharp and sharp, and it is clear and can be read in conjunction with his "Breaking Friendship with Shan Juyuan". The four-character poem "Presenting the Scholar to the Army" has a total of eighteen chapters, and the content is to imagine his brother Ji Xi's life in the army, but his free and easy interest belongs to Ji Kang. [20]

The style of Ji Kang's poems was rated by Liu Xie in "Wenxin Diaolong" as: "Ji Zhiqing is clear and rude." He also said: "Shu Ye was handsome and handsome, so he was happy and energetic." It highlighted the close relationship between Ji Kang's poetry style and his personality. Ji Kang's "Breaking Friendship with Shan Juyuan" claimed to be "hard and rude, speak frivolously, and starts when encountering problems", and his poems were the same. Zhong Rong's "Poetry Pin" commented that his poems were "hard and rude", which also meant the same. [20]

The bones are like the king of the country.” Traditional Chinese medicine also believes that people take the spirit as the foundation, and the spirit will be destroyed when the body is destroyed. Ji Kang grasped the foundation of health preservation here.

2. Health preservation should focus on one merit and benefit oneself, be careful of the harm of one mistake, and carry out comprehensively. Ji Kang believed that all things are born from heaven and earth, and the maintenance given acquired is different, and the lifespan is also different. Do not do it because it is small, do not do it because it is too small, prevent it from escalating, prevent it in advance, and actively strive for longevity.

Third, point out that if you do not pay attention to health preservation, indulge in the sound, color, taste, and excessive seven emotions, it will easily die. "If you attack your body with a slight body, it is not a single stroke; if you are easily exhausted, and you are attacked from the inside and outside, your body is not wood and stone. Can you last for a long time?"

4. Ji Kang also warned those who are healthy to have confidence and persevere, otherwise it will not be easy to be effective. He should also take those who are good at health as an example, actively absorb good health methods, clear their hearts and few desires, keep the truth, and "steam with Ganoderma lucidum, moisten with sweet springs, sigh with morning sun, and slow with five strings", so that he can "compete longevity with Xianmen and compete with Wang Qiao for the year".[26]

Ji Kang himself practiced it himself. Wang Rong, who was also the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" with him, once said: "I have lived with Kang for twenty years and have never seen his joy and anger."[27]. He made almost every theory he proposed, but he violated the taboo of "forget the outside in the camp", and was eventually framed and killed.[26][28]

Historical evaluation edit

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Wang Rong: I have lived with Ji Kang for twenty years, but I have never seen him happy and anger. [29] (quoted by "New Words on the World")

Shan Tao: 1 Ji Shuye is a human being, the rocks are like the independent of a lonely pine; he is drunk, the Puyu is like the collapse of Yushan. [30] (quoted by "New Words of the World") 2 Those who could be friends back then were the only two lives! [31] (quoted by "New Words of the World")

Sun Deng: If a king is strong and has a talent, he will be able to avoid it! [28](cited by "Book of Jin")

Portrait of Ji Kang

Portrait of Ji Kang

Bai Juyi: Brother Lu An is unfaithful, and he killed Ji Kang in the city. This person has been dead for a long time, and the matter is very clear. Right and wrong cannot be controlled by oneself, so how can disasters be prevented? After a thousand years, I burst into tears and covered my clothes. [43] ("Miscellaneous Thoughts")

Zhang Yanyuan: Being able to be a lyricist, good at playing the piano, skilled in calligraphy and painting, and beautiful style. [24] ("Famous Paintings of All Ages")

Su Shi: Emperor Jing of Han killed Zhou Yafu with Yang Yang, Cao Cao killed Kong Rong with great reputation, Emperor Wen of Jin killed Ji Kang with great reputation, Emperor Jing of Jin also killed Xiahou Xuan with great reputation, Emperor Ming of Song and Ming killed Wang Yu with great clan, Emperor Gao Wei of Qi killed Huluguang with rumors, Emperor Taizong of Tang killed Li Junxian with prophecies, and Empress Wu (Wu Zetian) killed Pei Yan with rumors, and all the world thinks it is wrong. [44] ("Dongpo Zhilin")

Huang Tingjian: Ji Shu’s poems at night are bold and beautiful, without any vulgarity. Anyone who learns to write poetry must recite them in his heart. If you want to see someone, even if you are so kind of worldly style, you can temporarily embrace the remaining fragrances and then you can rush off the three dou of vulgarity on your face. What’s more, do you have deep meaning? [45] ("Siyouzhai Congshu")

Li Qingzhao: The Han Dynasty was originally Shaoji, and the new house was like warts. Therefore, Ji Zhongsan was scattered until his death. [46] ("Song of History")

Chen Pu: The bronze camel and thorns are deep in the night, and I still want to talk about the bamboo forest. I have no elegant music for a hundred years when I traveled south, but I still cherish the sound of Guangling. [47] ("Ji Kang")

Xu Jun: It is not a common saying that lying dragons are not ethical, and they are worthy of the most respected people. Generally speaking, they are highly respected by celebrities, so how to be famous will hurt your body. [48] ("Ji Kang")

Yuan Ming

Tao Zongyi: Beautiful style, magnificent writing, good words, Zhuang Lao, and skilled in cursive script.[22]("Chu History Collection")

Wang Shizhen: Every time I sigh that Ji Shengqin and Xiahou's beauty is so beautiful that others can see it for thousands of years, let alone her body! [49]("Yiyuan Chuan Yan")
Chapter completed!