Foreign historians are extremely surprised that China had such a dynasty more than 1,000 years ago. This is how the Song Dynasty described in "The Great History of China". "History entered the Song Dynasty, as if it had entered the ancient times to the modern times."

If you are a native of the Song Dynasty, from the time you are possessed in your mother's belly, to your birth, to your education, to your birth, old age, sickness and death, you will be taken care of by the Song Dynasty's national welfare policies.

In May 1138, the Song Dynasty government implemented the "Feal and Midwifery Order" nationwide! Women who are pregnant and babies in their wombs enjoy national legal protection. The Song Dynasty government specializes in taking care of babies from poor families. Not only does it mean to find a new wife, after birth, the government also supports parents of poor families every year to "if anyone cannot raise a child, (the government) will give them money to raise them." Infant killing was considered a serious crime that the Song Dynasty people could not tolerate, and abandoned babies were adopted by the state, and there are records in foreign countries in China.

Records of foreigners: "The king adopts all abandoned babies in the states of the country (Southern Song Dynasty). Records the twelve zodiac signs and sun stars of each child when he was born, and ordered to feed him in several places... The children grow up and the king mates him..." - The state not only helps abandon babies to grow up, but the emperor also personally takes marriage to these fatherless orphans every year. At the most historical records, there were more than 20,000 orphans adopted by local governments in the country in one year.

Children have grown up to a certain age and it is time to enroll. In terms of education: the governments of government-run schools in various places in the Song Dynasty did not charge tuition fees, and some counties levy one or two cents, and the governments for students who cannot afford to pay for the first and second tiers are also exempted. The governments of the "key schools" in the state and provincial governments also need to subsidize students, such as the Taixue (equivalent to the current university). If they do not pay for studying, each student can still receive 1,000 yuan a month. If the "lonely scholar" does not have a house outside the school, the government provides free accommodation and meals. (The people of the Southern Song Dynasty received education.

The degree is so high that there are very few illiterate people in the country. According to historical records, "Everyone respects Confucius and Mencius, and every family recites poetry and books", many Song people such as Su Dongpo have recorded this. Su Dongcheng said at that time that everyone in the Song Dynasty could read, nine out of ten families could write books, and Ye Shi and others in the Southern Song Dynasty also recorded that every family could write books at that time: "Now, Yue, Fujian, and Shu, families can write books, and people know how to carry books." Yudi Jisheng records that "homes are happy to teach children, five steps a school, ten steps a school, and ten steps a camp, reciting the strings in the morning and evening, and filling the ears")

Regarding the disadvantaged groups in society: the Song Dynasty used the elderly, orphans, disabled and poor people, and the government paid for the money. "Widows, widows, widows, orphans and unsupported people, disabled and sick, and those who are unable to survive, according to the Lin'an law, they will be supported by lawsuits."

There were no beggars on the streets of the Song Dynasty, because beggars were adopted by the government, eating, living, and seeing a doctor. The country assumed its responsibility to citizens until it died. Volume 178 of "History of Song Dynasty": "If a beggar is raised in a nursing home; if his illness is cured, he will be buried in Anjifang; if he dies, he will be buried in Luze Garden, so he will be considered common. "The so-called "living home", "Anjifang", and "Louze Garden" are social welfare institutions with different functions.

When natural disasters and wars caused famine, all prefectures and counties of the Song Dynasty government established very complete emergency measures such as "Yi Cang" and "Guanghui Cang" to delay.

The Song Dynasty Gao Fuli "buyed" the people's heartfelt loyalty to the country. The Song Dynasty had the most loyal ministers in Chinese history and even in the world's history.

The weak Song people (the country valued culture over military affairs was a big mistake in the Song Dynasty) were often tenacious when facing the invasion of the Mongols.

Mongolia conquered Asian and European countries in a very short time, and how much time did it take to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty? It took a full half century to record that the weak scholars of the academy took up weapons and sacrificed their lives for the country. Even after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, there were still many cities with the national flag of the Song Dynasty, such as Hechuan, who killed the Mongolian emperor. It took nearly ten years before the Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed before the Mongolian army broke through the unyielding city of Lingxiao, Sichuan, which was flying the flag of the Southern Song Dynasty.

The number of people dying for their country in the Southern Song Dynasty was unprecedented in world history.

The main force of the Southern Song Dynasty failed in the Battle of Yashan and Sea. Prime Minister Lu Xiufu was responsible for the nine-year-old young emperor Zhao Bing. When the people received this news, they were willing to chase after the motherland they loved deeply - the Southern Song Dynasty. According to historical records, only Lu Xiufu was responsible for the nine-year-old young emperor Zhao Bing. After the coastal areas were protected by "seven days, more than 100,000 corpses floated on the sea."

In the country, countless people have received the news that the country has officially destroyed their country and committed suicide for their beloved motherland in grief and despair. Like the descendants of Lu You and the daughter of Wang Jian, how many people in the country have committed suicide? The number of people cannot be counted in detail. "There are many families who commit suicide, and there are no empty wells in the city and forests, which are numerous."

Corresponding to the people's "self-death" death of the country, the heroes of the Song Dynasty who took up weapons to fight against the Yuan army, as stated in the "Song Ji Zhongyi Lu" proofreading the rules, there were more than 500 well-known heroes on the Anti-Yuan Death Day at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and countless unknown heroes, such as the historical materials of the guards in Lingxiao City, Sichuan, who did not find the specific names.

The urbanization rate level in ancient China (generally speaking, the higher the urbanization rate, the more developed the society)

11% of Qin and Han dynasties

Tang 13%

24% of the Southern Song Dynasty (the highest level in history)

3% of Yuan Dynasty

16%

13~18%
Chapter completed!