The coal price is about 40-50 yuan per ton, and the iron ore price is less than this. Including limestone - Mirage Ash was purchased in Qi State before, mostly made of shells, and the price is high. Now that cement is started, Mirage Ash is no longer worth a penny, and the material cost required for a ton of pig iron is no more than 250 yuan. Originally, the fuel cost accounted for 70% of the total cost of pig iron, and the total material cost accounted for about 85-90% of the total cost. The cost of producing a ton of pig iron is controlled within 300 yuan.

However, the transportation cost is not included. The amount of coal (charcoal) and iron ore required by an iron smelting plant is extremely amazing. If there is no water transportation, then 300 yuan will likely turn into 1,000 yuan or even more.

During the Republic of China, the National Economic Commission once estimated the prices of several major modes of transportation (min/ton kilometer): sailing, 2-12 points; ships and motorboats, 2-15 points; railways, 3.2-17 points; trucks, 5-16.5 points; wheelbarrows, 10-14 points; camels, 10-20 points; trucks, 10-56 points; donkeys, mules, horses, 13.3-25 points; manpower, 14-50 points; rickshaws, 20-35 points.

Although the data cannot adapt to more than two thousand years ago, the comparison of various modes of transportation can still be used as reference. Railways are more expensive than water transportation, but they are less than twice as expensive. If they are replaced with large trucks, they will be more than twice as much. The Chu State's water system is crisscrossing, and bulk cargoes basically rely on ship transportation. However, the flow of rivers does not transfer by human will. The actual cost of a horse-drawn railway may not be higher than that of ship transportation.

Iron smelting is a big name in the hands of Chu State, cement is the second one, and Mara Railway is the third one. Thinking of this, Xiong Jing smiled and said, "You don't have to worry, the iron price is already very, very low."

Xiong Jing's words were mixed with later generations, and Fengren couldn't understand the words but felt the meaning. He was still a little confused. At this time, Gong Yindao whispered in his ear, and his eyes immediately glared out, with an incredible expression, thinking that Gong Yindao was wrong.

"I don't believe me, but I don't believe me!" The Fengren shook his head and shook his head repeatedly.

His reaction was not surprising. Xiong Jing didn't believe that a ton of coke pig iron costs less than 300 yuan and a ton of charcoal pig iron costs less than 1,000 yuan, but the material cost is clearly here. The iron smelting industry itself is a large-scale material cost. There is no flower head in it. It is normal to be shocked. It can only be said that the production scale was too small before, and the fuel utilization rate was too low without hot blowing. Moreover, the iron tax was too harsh because it learned from Qi State.

"There is nothing I don't believe. Do you know how much ironware is sold in the market?" Xiong Jing asked with a smile. The difference between 11 yuan per pound and 0.075 yuan per pound is too great, making the price extremely expensive: a seven-jin five-liang copper flask is priced at 700 yuan, a household iron kettle is priced at 90 yuan, an iron crock is priced at 80 yuan, a Sanjin iron plow is priced at 450 yuan, and an iron belt hook is priced at 5 yuan...

This is the price last year. After the mass production of coke pig iron in Zaofu started, these will become the past. The equipment produced by the State of Chu may sweep the world, squeeze all other iron merchants in the world into bankruptcy.

"I don't know." How could the dignified official know the price of the market?

"You will know when you go home and ask the priest." Xiong Jing looked at Gong Yindao again: "You still haven't pulled out the wire."

"My..." Gong Yin tightened his body and bowed. "I am trying to pull out the wire, which requires water and cow power."

Iron wire is difficult, and it is not difficult. It is not difficult to say that the Celtics were able to do it in the BC. It is difficult to record the method of pulling iron wire when the Tiangong opened objects in the Ming Dynasty. Pulling iron wire may require hydraulic machinery, but the most important thing is that the carbon content cannot be higher than 0.6%, and every two or three times of fine extraction, it requires annealing again.

Iron wire is the key to producing chain mail. When it was very popular, SB full version talks about pulling iron wire to make chain mail are naturally also included. Xiong Jing has mostly forgotten about such a long time ago, but he still remembers the sentence "pull and anneale".

"How much manpower is needed to build a city by building a city through the method of building a city?" Xiong Jing just mentioned the iron wire and stopped working on Yin Dao. Instead, he asked Fengren about the details of building a city with Situ. He needed to know the difference in efficiency between rammed earth and concrete.

"The method of building a small city can be completed in a few months, and the large city can be employed in tens of thousands of labor, which cannot be achieved in a few years." The Fengren replied. "The beginning of building a city requires a daily life, and the money is divided into two parts, and the land is used to build a city in the back."

"Similar to the plate building, I use giant iron as the bone, around the plywood, and then use concrete soil as the flesh to pour it into the plywood." Xiong Jing pointed to the concrete column in front of him and talked about his ideal city building. "A few days later, with concrete columns as support, I formed giant iron into a net, turned the column into a board, and poured the concrete into a first floor; then pour the columns and the columns into another pouring plates, and then it goes up again and again..."

"I dare to ask the king, why is it a wall?" Although Feng Ren was old, he had never seen building buildings in later generations, but he could understand Xiong Jing's meaning.

"Taking bricks as the wall." Xiong Jing replied. At this time, Tao Shu also took out a red brick that imitated later generations. "A craftsman may be able to build a thousand bricks in a day, but he doesn't know how thick the wall needs to be."

"Use bricks as a wall?" Fengren was surprised. Bricks are stakes, and stakes are very expensive things, and each piece costs 8 or 9 yuan.

"It can also be made into a wall." Xiong Jingzhi's stakes on the market are very expensive, but the bricks in the concrete house are just red clay bricks.

"We also need to transport stones." The Fengren shook his head when he thought of transporting. The biggest advantage of rammed earth is to use local materials.

"Then burn the bricks on the spot." Xiong Jing said Wu, "Use concrete columns as frames and bricks as walls. Three layers should have four zhang. You can also build six layers eight zhang and nine layers twelve zhang."

"Twelve zhang?" Not only Feng Ren, Tao Shu and Gong Yin Dao were also amazed, which was completely beyond their imagination.

"If you can dig deep into the foundation and increase the pillars, it will be easy to do twelve feet." Xiong Jing said decisively. "Building a city with the concrete method is fast and sturdy, and it is even more unattainable, and it is beyond reach. When the enemy fights again in the future, the enemy will be several times more than me. If I have a strong city, the enemy will be unable to break, and I can only divide my troops to surround me and advance. The deeper I go into my territory, the more I will divide my troops and continue my troops, and I will have the best of my back. When the enemy's troops are exhausted and the food is exhausted, I can only retreat."

"I have never heard of it." What Xiong Jing said was beyond the imagination of the people of the founding people. The method of building a version was six feet, and there were several places in the Yingdu city walls that reached eighth edition, that is, 9.45 meters, but the price was that the foundation was more than two or thirty meters wide. The foundation was not as wide as that, so he could only build sixth editions, which was only 7.1 meters high. In all countries, the eighth edition of the city of four or eight feet was already at the height of the sky. Building an eighth city and a twelve-meter city was something that I couldn't even think about.

"You have heard it today, and you will meet in person in the future." Xiong Jing looked around the ministers and said. "The importance of building a city is related to the country. The difficulty today is not the huge iron, but the iron wire, grinding and power. The iron wire and power will eventually be solved, and this grinding..."

In Xiong Jing's opinion, milling with a milling disc was extremely backward. What he didn't know was that the milling disc, or wheel mill, was the grinding equipment widely used in the cement industry at the beginning. In 1870, rod mills were patented, and tube mills followed closely. Although the original ball mill originated very early, it was used for cement grinding after the first ball mill with gravel as a medium appeared in 1893. At this time, it was nearly seventy years since the invention of cement.

No one has discovered the quality problems of coarse cement at present - Tao Shu and others have never seen modern cement, so they naturally cannot discover it; Xiong Jing does not understand architecture, and only has a general impression, but most of the cement production costs are grinding powder. If you want to build a city, you must solve the problem of grinding powder.

"I should do my best to make a grinding tool." Gong Yindao and Yu Yin looked at each other and said so.

"Some things cannot be done by doing their best." Xiong Jing asked the two to avoid gifts. "This is a matter of thinking.

For example: If an object is heavier than water, it sinks into water; if another object is lighter than water, it floats into water. This is an appearance. Two soldiers fight hard, and the force is balanced, and if the force is not balanced, the winner is divided. If the matter fights each other, the weight of water discharged is equal to the weight of Ji, then it has just submerged; if it is heavier than Ji, it floats to the surface; if it is less than Ji, it sinks to the bottom of the water.

Since the ups and downs of objects are related to the weight of boiling water, an iron cauldron can also float in water, and a boat can also float in water with iron. Similarly, there is water between rivers and seas, and there is air between heaven and earth. Birds fly in the sky because of their wings. If a thing can be lighter than the air, it can naturally float in the air."

After taking several examples, after a walk around, Xiong Jing said again: "Everything has its own reasons, but ordinary people do not see it. If you can understand the principles of heaven and earth, you can naturally borrow it and use it. The importance of drainage determines the ups and downs of heaven and earth. After you understand, you can build an iron boat, which is borrowing and use it; temperature is the principle of transformation of all things, and borrowing and use it can smelter iron and copper.

The method of grinding is right around us. If we don’t realize it, we will naturally not be able to understand the truth, so we will not be able to become a grinding tool. Therefore, it is useless to do our best to be useful, and to be good at discovering, summarizing, and interpreting it.”

Xiong Jing rarely talks in such a long way, but what he said is the most reasonable. All the officials and craftsmen listen carefully, while the historian behind him wrote quickly, fearing that a word would be missed.

"Okay. I'm done." Xiong Jing ended like this. "It's up to man, and I believe that grinding can eventually be solved. Here's what to look at..."

"Please go to the Ceramic Mansion." Gong Yindao said. He knew that the king was good at all craftsmen, just like building a mansion, he wanted to live here and not leave. Once, the matter was discussed until midnight, and the empress dowager came to build a mansion in person. All arrangements were limited to the time of hanging a car in the future.

"Yeah." Ceramics are profit-making tools and even more sorrow treasures in China. However, Xiong Jing knew nothing and could only let the craftsmen do it.

Celadon was found during the Shang Dynasty, which was beyond Xiong Jing. He never thought that porcelain had such a long history. Of course, this was primitive porcelain. Some people think it was not porcelain, but believed that the earliest porcelain appeared in Yue Kiln on Shanglin Lake, Cixi, Zhejiang, Eastern Han Dynasty.
Chapter completed!