During the year, Er Cheng had already had similar confrontations with Wang Anshi.

The New Learning founded by Wang Anshi, as an academic school and official orthodox ideology, occupied an absolutely dominant position in the academic world in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty. Its influence was far greater than that of the Luo School, Shu School, and Shuo School at the same time.

On top of that, the academic achievements of Jing Gong’s New Learning are also hard to deny. It attached great importance to rituals, respected Mencius, and paid attention to textual exegesis methods when interpreting the scriptures. These aspects had a profound impact on the academic trend at that time, and even

It can be said that when various schools of thought in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty constructed their own academic systems, they could not escape the context of Kai Jinggong's new learning.

However, Jing Gong's theory was born in the midst of political disputes, which is destined to never exist as a pure academic system. In order to shoulder the mission of providing a theoretical basis for Xining's new law, Jing Gong's new theory has made it unacceptable in many places.

If you don’t insist on self-authorship, there are many flaws in the construction of its academic system. After Wang Anshi’s death, the so-called New Party members who stood for Jing Gong’s new school only focused more on the politics of Jing Gong’s new school.

In terms of philosophy, he was indifferent to academic construction, and instead followed the practice of using political coercion to promote academic autocracy that had been used since Wang Anshi's era. This made the academic construction of Jing Gong Xinxue without a successor after Wang Anshi. He was active in Yang Shi

In this era, the New Learning had completely become a cover and tool for the party struggle among the powerful ministers at that time. Therefore, Yang Shi's criticism of the New Learning, which was too intense and even involved in a dispute of emotions, also had his profound psychological foundation.

As a philosophical master who created his own style in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, Er Cheng's criticisms of the shortcomings of the new learning were all based on the Luo School theory and had a sufficient academic foundation. Therefore, compared with the ridicule and scolding of the three Su and Shu schools, it was more

He was able to penetrate into the truth and get in touch with the essence. As a very representative scholar of Luo Studies at that time, Yang Shi's criticism of Jing Gong's new study was sometimes suspected of being out of touch with his spirit, but his theoretical foundation was not as good as that of Nai Shi.

However, in his early years, in order to prepare for the scientific examination, he had studied Jinggong's new learning, and he had been a scholar of Buddhism and Buddhism. Therefore, his accusations against the new learning could often be used to steal his ideas and really hit home.

Disadvantages, just as it is said in Volume 2 of "The Posthumous Letters of the Cheng Family in Henan": "Yang Shi was extremely proficient in the new learning. If he asks any questions today, he can fully understand its shortcomings and hold on to them." Therefore,

Several works written by Yang Shi to criticize the new learning had a profound influence at the time. In the ninth year of Shaoxing (1139), Yang Shi's son-in-law Chen Yuan, who was then an official, discussed Neo-Confucianism and Wang's new learning with Emperor Gaozong. When discussing the similarities and differences between the merits and demerits, Emperor Gaozong said personally: "Yang Shi's studies can be compared with those of Confucius and Mencius, and the Theory of the Three Classics is very reasonable." [42] It can be seen that Yang Shi did what he did from the standpoint of a Neo-Confucian scholar in his later years. He refuted Wang's new learning and promoted the works of Luo learning, which attracted the full attention of the supreme ruler at that time and laid a solid social foundation for the prosperity of Luo learning after the southern crossing.

In short, although Yang Shi was influenced by Buddhism in his childhood and studied Jing Gong's new learning when he was young, since he studied under Er Cheng, he has always adhered to the ideas and stance of the Neo-Confucian school in academics and behavior. In the Yuan Dynasty, Under the circumstances of repeated attacks on Luo Xue after You, it was precisely because of Yang Shi's efforts that the inheritance and spread of Luo Xue's school style was ensured. Luo Xue became popular all over the world after crossing to the south, and Yang Shi's actions also have a similar relationship. direct relationship.

In addition, when the imperial court at that time prohibited Luo School from giving public lectures, Yang Shi took advantage of his travels to spread Luo School, thus spreading the Luo School tradition to the southeastern corner of Fujian, which was relatively isolated at the time. It directly gave birth to the birth of Zhu Xi's Fujian School. When Cheng Hao watched Yang Shi go away that day, he once said: "My way is south!" What Yang Shi did in his life was truly worthy of his teacher's remark.
Chapter completed!