When Li Yuzhen took Hu Xueyan and Lai Chang to visit Dashang Light Industry, Wang Yi was shocked to death.

Today is the first spring rain, with thunder and heavy rain. Wang Yi stood by the window with his hands behind his back, looking at the interweaving of photoelectricity outside, as if heralding the arrival of a new era.

At this time, a boy about twelve years old was sitting on the sofa, a little uneasy. He was holding a workbook in his hand, and the exposed pages were filled with calculus and formulas. His name was Cao Yuexin, a student from the primary school affiliated to Dashang. To be honest, Wang Yi had some impression of him because the child had very weak expression skills, but he performed well in mathematics. But Wang Yi didn't know that he actually taught himself physics and chemistry in the library. Today he came to find Wang Yi, obviously he had been courageous for a long time.

Wang Yi turned around at this time, walked back to Cao Yuexin, and smiled and said, "You are very good! Really very good."

Cao Yuexin's face, which was so nervous that he was about to turn into wood, finally showed a smile. It was strange that Wang Yi was actually younger than Cao Yuexin, but for some reason, Cao Yuexin was full of respect for Wang Yi.

The subject knowledge in this era is far less complicated than later generations, so the textbooks written by Wang Yi are just some big frames, so it is very simple. In addition, there is no pressure to go to school, so students have a lot of free time. As for how they arrange this time, Wang Yi will not ask about it.

Students like Cao Yuexin will mostly go to the library to learn the knowledge they like. Of course, in contrast, there are many students who do nothing and basically wait to die. Wang Yi will not impose intervention on this type of student. The reason is very simple. Learning requires initiative, otherwise it will not be able to learn at all. Even if Wang Yi uses a stick to force them to study, what can I do? If I don’t want to learn, I don’t want to learn. I force me to remember it here, and then I forget it. For this type of student, Wang Yi’s idea is very simple. When they graduate from junior high school, it will be difficult for such people to pass the high school entrance examination. If lucky.

If you are lucky, they may be able to pass the Dashang recruitment exam, and they can be considered a job. If you want to be promoted in Dashang, you can't think about it if you want to get promoted. All senior positions are recruited from the unified examination, for the whole society, written tests, interviews, and jobs, a total of three levels. After passing the salary increase and benefits, you can do whatever you like. The only way for progress that Wang Yi left for them is the various training classes held by Dashang in society. If they are not willing to take the initiative to absorb knowledge after work, Wang Yi feels that they are not worried, but they are worried about anything they follow.

Speaking of which, Cao Yuexin is not the mainstream in the primary schools affiliated to Dashang. His bias in subject matter is very serious, but Wang Yi is more encouraged to such students. He doesn’t care that students are biased towards subject matter. A person’s brain is limited, so there will naturally be aspects that are good at and not good at. Yugong moving mountains may be a way, but in Wang Yi’s opinion, instead of spending so much energy on aspects that he is not good at, it is better to do a job he likes and is good at.

Today, what Cao Yuexin brought to Wang Yi was a physics paper he wrote himself, "A Little Conjecture of Light and Electricity".

To trace the root of the roots, we have to start from the beginning.

More than a year ago, Wang Yi successfully conducted an electromagnetic wave verification test in the industrial laboratory. At that time, the primary school affiliated to Dashang organized students to visit, and Cao Yuexin was one of them. What's more special is that Wang Yi was also present when he visited. He was talking to a group of researchers in Dashang Industrial Laboratory, saying why light shone on the metal ring gap, it is easier to discharge. Other students forget it when they hear it, but Cao Yuexin secretly remembers it in his heart.

Because it was a question raised by Wang Yi, many scholars in industrial laboratories conducted research in private. But it was better if they didn't study it, but this research was surprisingly discovered that this matter was completely beyond their imagination.

The first thing to be stated is that in industrial laboratories, all scholars already know the existence of electrons. Because when making diodes and transistors, Wang Yi had already given the principle. Later, Wang Yi presided over the oil drop experiment and then gave the production plan for cloud chamber instruments, which made it possible to photograph rapidly moving electrons.

Back to the topic.

When light shines on metal, electrons that were originally bound to the atoms on the metal surface will be fired out. At that time, scholars in industrial laboratories did not know the reason, so they gave this phenomenon a name: photoelectric effect.

A series of experiments on the photoelectric effect were soon completed in an industrial laboratory. Although most of the experiments themselves are rough and simple, they still show people two facts.

The first point is that for a particular metal, whether light can produce electrons from its surface is only related to the frequency of the light. Light with high frequency, such as ultraviolet rays, can produce higher-energy electrons. Low-frequency light, such as red and yellow rays, cannot produce none of the electrons.

The second point is that whether electrons can be emitted has nothing to do with the intensity of the light. Electrons can be emitted in weak ultraviolet rays, and even in strong red light, the increase in light intensity can only increase the number of electrons being hit. Simply put, strong ultraviolet rays can produce more electrons from the metal surface than weak ultraviolet rays.

So from these two points, we can summarize the following statement: For a specific metal, whether electrons can be emitted is related to the frequency of light. How many electrons are emitted is related to the intensity of light. Based on the above facts, all scholars engaged in this research in the industrial laboratory are confused... because this should not be the case!

According to the classic Maxwell theory, light is a wave, and the stronger the wave, the greater the energy. If the experimental results are changed to this, they will feel that it is natural. That is, electrons are bound inside the atom, and the energy is not enough, so they are not enough to shoot out the electrons. If the intensity of light is increased, that is, its energy is increased, the electrons should fly out. What is the frequency of wave vibration, and if the light vibrates frequently, more electrons should be produced.

But things didn't go as expected, and the experiment result was the opposite!

Maxwell's classic theory is completely confused and confused in the photoelectric effect. Therefore, the scholars from the Dashang Industrial Laboratory have the same expression.

I don’t know if it was Wang Yi’s intentional arrangement or it was a pure coincidence.

In the Journal of Industrial Laboratory, Wang Yi published the photoelectric effect and the quantum conjecture he had published before in the same issue. Because the journal is an academic newspaper, it mostly introduces new scientific and technological progress, but it does not publish various core patent projects involving the industrial laboratory itself. In addition to being able to view it inside the industrial laboratory, Dashang Affiliated Primary School can also read it.

Cao Yuexin was very interested in the content of this issue. After taking it back, he returned to the dormitory excitedly. There was a student named Zhao Di in his bedroom. He studied pretty well and was not too biased in subject matter, but he was a little aloof. At this time, he was lying on the bed reading a book on botany. The other two people in the bedroom, one was Ye Tao and the other was Han Huan. Ye Tao was similar to Cao Yuexin, but he was in liberal arts, liked history, geography and archaeology, and he was nicknamed to be tomb robber in the dormitory. Han Huan was a little more alternative, and he liked extensiveness, astronomy, geography, biology... but not good at everything. If you talk about strengths... there are also people, it is interpersonal communication, typical familiarity.

After greeting the three people in the same bed, Cao Yuexin was washing up. At this time, he was lying on the bed and browsing the journal. The first thing he read was Wang Yi’s conjecture about quantum, and it was not until three or four times that he understood the content. Later, he read the photoelectric effect again, but unlike Wang Yi’s quantum hypothesis, the photoelectric effect papers were all about the introduction of experimental results, which was not at all difficult for Cao Yuexin.

At this time, he turned over and lay on the bed, covering the journal on his face, recalling what Wang Yi said in the electromagnetic wave verification laboratory in his mind.

"You see, under light, electric flowers are more likely to occur in the gaps in the metal ring. After you go back, you can study the reasons carefully. Remember, this is the key to opening a new era of physics!"

These words always lingered in Cao Yuexin's ears. Before he knew it, the lights in the dormitory were turned off, and Cao Yuexin fell asleep.

People have been misunderstood that when sleeping, the brain will also rest. But in fact, sleeping is just a time for the body to rest, but the brain is more active than usual. During this period, he is responsible for the use of various hormones and regulating various signals. Of course, there is another more important function, which is dreaming!

Cao Yuexin was dreaming at this time. The first thing he dreamed about was the storytelling "Journey to the West" I heard in the cafeteria during dinner today, which was about the plot of making a big fuss about the Heavenly Palace. But at some point, Sun Wukong suddenly became a quantum hypothesis, and Erlang Shen became a photoelectric effect. The two fought each other in a crackling battle, and finally began to merge for no reason. Well, it sounds a bit like a bit of a genius.

Cao Yuexin, who was sleeping, suddenly woke up and inexplicably broke out in cold sweat.

He seemed to think of something...a little thing...

It was dark at this time, and there was more than an hour before dawn. Cao Yuexin felt like someone had lit a fire in his heart and could not sleep any more. He put on his clothes, took a notebook, moved a stool, and thought about it and brought the journal. The other three people who were sleeping together just turned over in a daze, while Han Huan said a few unclear sleep words, and they all fell asleep again.

There were lights in the corridor, but the wattage was very low, so I could see clearly when I saw things, but I was a little tired of my eyes.

Cao Yuexin sat under the light, biting his little pencil tip, recalling something he thought of when he was dreaming, but seemed to have lost his clue. Later, he simply stopped recalling what he thought of, but took the journal and read the above description of the photoelectric effect again, while comparing it with the electromagnetic theory he knew.

Electromagnetic theory believes that light is a kind of fluctuation, and its intensity represents its energy. Increased light intensity should be able to produce higher energy electrons. However, experiments show that increasing light intensity can only produce more electrons, but not more energy. To produce higher energy electrons, it is necessary to increase the frequency of illuminated light.

"What's going on?"

Cao Yuexin was so obsessed that the chair that was leaning back lost balance for a moment and threw him to the ground.

The journal was thrown high at this time and then fell down, as if it was a notice from heaven, and the quantum hypothesis appeared in front of Cao Yuexin!

"Increase the frequency, increase the frequency..."

Wang Yi wrote in the journal that there is a simple equation to determine how much energy a "quantum" with a specific radiation frequency contains.

e=hv.

e is energy, h is the king-type coefficient (that is, the original Planck coefficient), and v is the frequency!

Cao Yuexin's eyes were straightened for a moment!

"Frequency! Ahha, frequency! e=hv, isn't this the relationship between energy and frequency? Isn't increasing frequency just increasing energy! The principal has already published the answer in the journal!" Cao Yuexin cheered and shouted in the corridor!

But the response was an angry roar!

Cao Yuexin fled!

With this formula, everything is solved easily, which is natural! Later, Cao Yuexin deduced a new formula: 1/2mv^2=hv-p.

1/2mv^2 is the maximum kinetic energy that excites electrons, hv is the energy of a single energy num, and p is the minimum energy required to excite electrons.

In the office, when Cao Yuexin saw Wang Yi's smile, he finally relaxed.

"Tell me about your understanding of this formula and your understanding of the photoelectric effect!" Wang Yi poured Cao Yuexin a cup of tea, so that he would not be nervous.

"When the light from a point spreads in an ever-expanding space, its energy is not continuously distributed, but consists of some limited number of 'energy nubs' limited to a certain place in the space. These energy nubs are inseparable and can only be absorbed or emitted in whole. If we start from the perspective of energy nubs, the photoelectric effect can be explained. According to the formula, the frequency of ultraviolet light is high and therefore has more energy, so its energy nubs can be released when it acts on the metal surface and obtains electrons with more energy than other frequency lights. But for low-frequency light, no matter how many energy nubs are emitted, each of its energy nubs is not enough to stimulate electrons, so it is useless to give it."

Wang Yi laughed, then patted Cao Yuexin on the shoulder and said, "Very good, very well spoken! Maybe we should give your energy son a name!"

Cao Yuexin nodded and said, "What name does the principal think should be given?"

"Since it's light, what about the photon?"

"Photon?" Cao Yuexin thought for a while, then laughed, and said, "Just call it Photon! I like this name!"

When scholars from Dashang Industrial Laboratory received the new journal, when they saw the photoelectric effect that had been entangled with them for a long time was solved by a primary school student from an unknown primary school affiliated to Dashang, the shock and absurdity were probably hard to speak of!
Chapter completed!