There are no clear signs or boundaries in the changes in social systems.

The emperor believed this and was ready to intervene as little as possible, so that the Ming Dynasty would naturally progress and enter the next social stage naturally.

The smoother the transition, the better the people's adaptation will be, because changes are formed over a period of time, giving them the stage of adaptation.

In this case, the emperor welcomed the investment of the Chamber of Commerce in Ma Tie, and there were not too many restrictions.

Ma Tie is going to be launched nationwide, but a major project, just the investment of the imperial court, will definitely be a heavy burden or even unable to afford it.

It is necessary to use the power of the people, but the emperor felt that is better than just letting the Chamber of Commerce participate in the issuance of bonds to all the people of Daming.

Of course, it will take some time for the people to realize the convenience of Ma Tie. Therefore, it is inevitable that the discounts given to the Chamber of Commerce will be given.

It's still early to monopoly, and to some extent, monopoly may not be a bad thing.

However, the development of horse iron must be carried out in a planned and orderly manner, and it is impossible to connect lines across all directions. Based on the technical level at that time and the pulling force of horse iron, it is impossible to drill tunnels and cross mountains and ridges.

Therefore, for a long period of time, the Matik line can only be regional or intercity lines, which requires an institution to manage.

The emperor did not want the court to pay all the money. It would be good to follow the form of a chamber of commerce and send officials to supervise and coordinate.

Establish one or several railway companies, in the form of a joint-stock system, with board members discussing and resolving problems, and the official is only responsible for supervision and guidance.

The emperor had a rough plan to build Ma Tie in his mind. He sat back on the imperial case, held his pen in his hand, and wrote down his ideas and frameworks. For details, the people below discussed and even invited the Chamber of Commerce to participate.

All three major projects, including water conservancy facilities, roads, and horse and iron, will be launched on a large scale in the north.

The reason is very simple. The north will be the area with the worst disaster and the longest disaster lasts.

As a project of labor-for-relief, the three major projects not only solve the food and clothing of the victims, but also push the infrastructure of the Ming Dynasty to a higher level.

The work that gives the people is also a chance to have enough food. As long as you cannot starve to death, the internal stability of the Ming Dynasty will be guaranteed and the emperor will continue to realize his grand cause.

In Shaanxi, where the province has severe drought, the two major projects of water conservancy facilities and roads have been fully launched. Although most of the fields are dry and cracked, it is accompanied by the desolation scene, but it is a massive construction that is in full swing.

Channels of water flow crisscross the air, passing through the dry fields, with main canals and branch canals. Looking down from the sky, it looks like blood vessels of different thicknesses.

As long as the river does not dry, water diversion and irrigation will produce a certain harvest. If there is a drought in the future, as long as it is not particularly large and the duration is not particularly long, these water conservancy facilities will play a great role in alleviating the problem.

Although the performance of the new building materials and the cement of the Ming Empire is not as good as that of later generations, it has made great progress and is far superior to the past in terms of waterproofing and hardening.

Limestone and clay are the main raw materials. After crushing, grinding, they are calcined in the kiln, and then added with an appropriate amount of gypsum to grind it. The performance of Sanhe Soil is not a little better than that of Sanhe Soil.

In fact, the Academy of Sciences has better cement production methods and processes, but the simplified version can be used locally without long-distance transportation, which is most suitable for use in ancient times.

Fuping, Weinan, Pucheng, Wushan and other places have successively built factories to produce, all of which are the production places of limestone and clay, which are very convenient to produce.

All these projects are included in the scope of labor-for-relief. In severe droughts, the most important thing is labor. You can work hard when you have enough food.

Cement can be used for cement, Sanhe soil can be used for three-dimensional soil, and bricks can be used for bricks and stones. The least effective thing is rammed earth.

The main task of the local government is to find work for the affected people, and all the food transported from other places will be filled with wages and distributed to the victims.

Those who are able to work earn money by themselves, while those who are not able to work have a relief to avoid starving to death.

The scorching sun above his head was emitting an anxious heat. Shaanxi Governor Li Banghua wore a big straw hat and dressed in casual clothes, and inspected the people's conditions under the guidance of several followers.

"Sir, please see, the main canal of the river drainage here has been completed, and the branch canal is strived to be completed by the end of the year." The official raised his tanned face and pointed out and reported, "If it is put into use in the spring next year, the county will add thousands of acres of irrigated land."

Li Banghua nodded and asked, "But according to Master Zuo's design? He is a water conservancy expert, and the planning and design are reasonable and knowledgeable."

"Sir, the main design is correct, and some branch canals have slightly changed due to the soil conditions."

Li Banghua walked up the dirt slope, looked up, smiled slightly on his face, and praised the officials, "Very good, you did a good job."

The former governor of Shaanxi Zuo Guangdou was a water conservancy expert of the Ming Dynasty. The emperor sent him to Shaanxi to take office because he wanted to make full use of his talents, prepare in advance, and resist major disasters.

During his tenure as a Shaanxi province, Zuo Guangdou led his staff to conduct on-site inspections, made an overall plan for water conservancy facilities, and was recognized by the emperor.

Now, Zuo Guangdou is the governor of the river. He surveyed and investigated along the Yellow River, not only made water conservancy plans for the provinces along the river, but also planned a major project to control the Yellow River under the order of the emperor.

The Yellow River has many harms, which have been difficult to solve in all dynasties. After seeing the current basin map of the Yellow River, the emperor found that it was different from his memory. He judged that the Yellow River would change its course in the future and seize the Huai River into the sea.

According to historical records, the Yellow River has invaded the Huaihe River Basin several times, but the time was short and there was little change in the Huaihe River Basin.

However, the fourth major divergence in the fifth year of Mingchang in the Jin Dynasty made eastern Henan, northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu and southwestern Shandong areas in the Huaihe River Basin often flooded the Yellow River.

Since then, the Yellow River invaded Huai River for more than 600 years, causing major changes in the water system in the Huai River Basin.

Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, "whenever the Huai River is in full swing, the west wind is gushing, and the white waves are like mountains. In the hundreds of miles of Huai, public and private people are in panic, and no one dares to rest for hundreds of years."

As a water conservancy expert, Zuo Guangdou is well aware of its power and has devoted all his efforts to investigate and research.

Because the emperor predicted that the water volume in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River dropped drastically during the disaster and may even dry up. This opportunity will take this opportunity to carry out large-scale dredging and strengthen the embankment so that the Yellow River will no longer invade the Huai River.

This will be a century-long project, and once completed, Zuo Guangdou will be famous in history.

Li Banghua didn't know much about this, but he was also grateful to Zuo Guangdou's contribution to Shaanxi.

At the same time, the grain reserves in the official warehouse are still enough for half a year, and the transport from outside continues. Even if the disaster continues next year, there is no expectation that a large number of refugees or civil unrest will occur.

It was noon, and in the large mattress in the distance, the people who were working were having dinner, and from time to time there were laughter.

Li Banghua retreated and followed the people and officials, and walked over.
Chapter completed!