.

It is said that Zhao Gang's actions were very risky. He could kill him without heavy troops. However, for Zhao Gang, taking this risk to win is much better than starting a war at the risk of a civil war. Although Zhao Gang thought that if he fought a civil war, he would be a perfect plan...

This situation is similar to the situation where Kangxi decided to be the third chaos. However, people only talked about Kangxi's confusing strategy, but did not see the harm suffered by the people and the loss of national strength in such a head-on battle.

The pacification of the Three Feudalists was one of the most important achievements in Kangxi's life. The so-called "Three Feudalists" refer to Wu Sangui, the King of Pingxi who guarded Yunnan and Guizhou, Shang Kexi, the King of Pingnan who guarded Guangdong, and Geng Jingzhong, the King of Jingnan who guarded Fujian. They were all generals of the Ming Dynasty. They surrendered to the Qing regime one after another when the Ming Dynasty was in decline, and in the process of destroying the Ming Dynasty and suppressing the peasant uprising army, they made meritorious service and titles as kings. Among them, Wu Sangui was the most powerful. The Three Feudalists posed a serious threat to the centralization of the Qing Dynasty.

After Kangxi ascended the throne, he realized the seriousness of the Three Feudal Franchise problem, and included it as a top priority, looking for an opportunity to solve it. In the 12th year of Kangxi (16th year), King Shang Kexi of Pingnan voluntarily applied for the withdrawal of the feudal "to return to the old Liaodong" on the grounds of being old and sick. Kangxi seized this opportunity and immediately approved it. This move deeply shocked Wu and Geng. They had seen the intention of the court to withdraw the feudal franchise and were anxious. In order to eliminate the court's doubts, they were forced to withdraw the feudal franchise one after another. Wu Sangui had no intention of withdrawing the feudal franchise, and was lucky enough to think that the court would "consolate". Unexpectedly, the falsehood came true, and the Kangxi court ruled the arbitrary and opposed the public opinion. He agreed to withdraw the feudal franchise. In the face of this major issue, Kangxi's adoption of the three feudal franchise was too hasty and improper strategy. He did not expect that this would cause their dissatisfaction or even confrontation, nor did he expect that Wu Sangui would lead the trouble.

In November of the same year, Wu first raised an army in Yunnan and publicly resisted the court's withdrawal of the vassals. He claimed that he was the "Magic Marshal of the World Recruiting Forces and Horses", and quickly led his army north through Guiyang, and went to the Czech. In just three months, he had occupied the entire territory of Hunan. The vanguard reached the south bank of the Yangtze River and set up a crossing of the Yangtze River. He directly attacked the capital. Wu traveled to Changde, and between the states, and personally visited the front line to command. At this time, he had been renamed "King of Zhou" and changed the reign to establish the country "Zhou".

Kangxi took an uncompromising position against Wu Sangui's rebellion. From the beginning, he responded quickly and decided to: Shangfan and Gengfan stopped and withdrew, removed Wu Sangui's title, and arrested his eldest son Wu Yingxiong. Soon after, he ordered his execution to be executed, with the heart of Wu Sangui. At the same time, he urgently dispatched troops and generals, divided the capital and actively defended. He used Jingzhou as the base camp. The army confronted the river and blocked the Wu army's frontal attack; Shandong Gunzhou as a moderate place to connect Jinan to the north and south; on the northwest wing, he used heavy troops to block Shaanxi rebels and threatened Sichuan; on the southeast wing, he used heavy troops to station in Hangzhou, Nanchang and other places, and made every effort to block the Geng army's offensive to prevent him from opening up the passage between Jiang, Zhejiang and Fujian and easily enter the Hunan and the Wu army.

The course of the war showed that Kangxi's strategy was correct and hit the key point of the rebels. Wu Sangui's major mistake was to station troops on the south bank and not cross the river. The army's spirit fell down with time and time. This gave the Qing army, which was unprepared, to breathe, and allowed Kangxi to calmly dispatch troops, smoothly implement his strategic plan, and do everything possible to differentiate, disintegrate Wu's subordinates.

The strategy and strategy of Kangxi quickly achieved practical results in the war. In October of the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), the Qing army invaded Fujian and approached Fuzhou, and Geng Jingzhong was forced to surrender, thus eliminating the southeastern wing of Wu Sangui. The following year, Shang Fan, who had secretly communicated with the Qing army, publicly stated that he would welcome the Qing army to enter Guangzhou anyway. By the 17th year of Kangxi (168), the Qing army had advanced from various fronts to Hunan, and the Wu army was defeated step by step. Wu Sangui had already felt that the rivers were getting worse and he hurriedly proclaimed himself emperor in Hengzhou in March and changed the reign to "Zhaowu". In August of the same year, his grandson Wu Shifu succeeded to the throne and changed the reign to "Honghua".

Once Wu Sangui died, his subordinates were dispersed, and the army had no fighting spirit and had no intention of fighting again. He was defeated and returned to Yunnan. Kangxi seized the fighter's opportunity and ordered the three armies to launch a strategic counterattack. In September of the 20th year of Kangxi (1681), the three armies met at the city of Kunming and surrounded the city for dozens of miles. It was postponed to October. The ammunition and food in the city were exhausted, and the guards in the south of the city secretly surrendered to the Qing army to guide the Qing army to break through the city. Wu Shifu committed suicide, and his subordinates such as Guo Zhuangtu, Hu Guozhu, Xia Guo Prime Minister, Fang Guangchen, etc., either committed suicide, burned himself, or were captured and executed. At this point, the armed rebellion that lasted for eight years was completely quelled.

There is another example in history, very interesting example. The Southern Song Dynasty treated the Wu brothers who were also separatist in Sichuan. They adopted the policy of Huairou until all the Wu brothers died and did not issue an order to recapture the central government. It was not until the head of the Wu family jumped out to rebel, and the court had no choice but to order the quellion. However, there were only a few responders and the ending was very miserable. The court only used a few.

The head of the Wu family, the rebellious land, was arrested. During this period, the development of the south was not affected by separatism at all.

On the other hand, the income of the Kangxi and Qianlong region of the Qing Dynasty was a bit unprofitable. In the 21st year of Kangxi, the income of 31.1 million taels was 31.23 taels in the 24th year, 30.926 million taels in the 2nd year of Yongzheng, and 43.59 million taels in the 56th year of Qianlong. The national treasury silver continued to increase: in the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), the deposit of 21.358 million taels was deposited. Due to the quelling of the Three Feudal War, it dropped to 3339.920 taels in the 17th year, and it surged to 31849.719 taels in the 30th year, and increased to 47368645 in the 58th year. It increased to 4000 taels in the 8th year, and increased to 62183349 taels in the 13th year. It decreased to 34530485. In the 28th year, the increase to 47063610 taels, reaching the highest in the 42nd year:

During this period, the country and land money were basically used for military pay and war. In the third year of Qianlong, Liang Shizheng, the Minister of the Ministry of Revenue, said: "Everyone saves money and grain, most of them are left to fill military pay." In the tenth year, Liang Shizheng was promoted to the Minister of Revenue, and said: "Every year the world rents taxes to provide salary and salary for officers and soldiers. The remaining funds are only more than 2 million, which is not enough to prepare for water, drought and military wars." The average annual military pay for the national military pay is 22,000 taels. The military spending of 17 wars in the three dynasties of Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang was 376.13 million taels, and from the 16th year of Kangxi to the 6th year of Daoguang, the exceptional expenses of river construction were only 9,133.3 taels.

As for the first emperor after the Kangxi and Qianlong era, the fig leaf of the Qing Dynasty was ruthlessly pulled down. From the 22nd year of Jiaqing to Daoguang, the Qing Dynasty's economy entered a decline during this period. Due to the large-scale plunder of land after entering the pass, 1,078 imperial villages owned more than 55,772 hectares of land. During the period, major bureaucrats desperately annexed land, such as the Grand Secretary Heshen had 8,000 hectares of land, and the Guangdong Governor Bailing had more than 5,000 hectares of land. During the Daoguang period, Zhili had more than 00 hectares.|Escaped, becoming tenants and refugees, and the arable land area was sharply reduced.

"In the 31st year of Qianlong, there were 7807,156 hectares of civil land and military farming. Other official land has not yet been counted. Jiaqing 17 includes civil land, farmland, military farmland, banner land and other various official lands, with a total of 7913,939 hectares. The statistical project doubled, and the area of ​​cultivated land only increased by more than 1, which means that the actual area of ​​cultivated land is decreasing..." Handicraft production has also gradually shrunk. Due to the excessive government's levy and assignment of classes, merchants have lost money and overloaded production, which affects production. For example, copper production, in the 31st year of Qianlong, it was 14674,481 kilograms. Jiaqing reduced to 10574,916 kilograms in the 15th year. Due to the policy of self-discipline and foreign trade restriction, capitalist factors could not develop. Due to the suppression of the White Lotus Uprising, the Ministry of Revenue deposited the silver deposited by the Ministry of Revenue: in the first year of Jiaqing, it was more than 56 million taels, and it was reduced to C 100,000 taels in three years, and it was deposited by 16 years, and it was 40.13 million taels in 17 years, and the expenditure was 3510 taels, and the balance was only 503 taels. By the 14th year, the annual inventory was only more than 27 million taels. In the 19th year, Daoguang collected 41.919 million taels, spending 10.136 million taels, and the balance was 10.136 million taels.

It is such a powerful and powerful court that was called Kanggan's prosperous era. I really don't know how to calculate it. The rebellion in the prosperous era was earth-shaking and the people lived a miserable life. What kind of prosperous era was this! What made Zhao Gang even more unacceptable was that after the Revolution of 1911, it was because everyone thought that force could solve the problem that they would fight in the end. However, thirty years have passed, and China has become a poor and backward country, even worse than fifty years ago. This shows that blindly believing in force and fighting a civil war will only be cheaper than foreigners in the end.

After the dust settled, Zhao Gang did not punish Song Bingce, but continued to let Song Bingce take charge of the Shaanxi-Gansu bandit suppression army. However, Song Bingce was also a wise man. Knowing that Zhao Gang was merciless, he simply couldn't come out and handed over the army completely. Then Han Xinghua took office and took charge of the Northern Army. Although he could suppress most of the Northern Army with the reputation of the Imperial Marshal, both Song Bingce and Han Xinghua had left their own troops and their ability to control the army was greatly reduced. The foundation of the empire became firmer again, and Zhao Gang's eyes turned to the incident - Piao Tianwenxue - and Shaanxi-Gansu came back to chaos.
Chapter completed!