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Before the Munich Conference was held, something happened on the Eastern Front in Europe that had a significant impact on the Munich Conference.

On the Eastern Front battlefield, there were three major countries participating in the war. Germany was reunified for only thirty years and was commanded by William II. The Austria-Hungarian Empire was ruled by Emperor Franz and Joseph. The other was Germany, and the common enemy of Austria, Russia, and the ruler was Tsar Nicholas II.

The main goal of Tsarist Russia's participation in the war was to seize Galicia from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Black Sea Strait and Constantinople from Turkey to infiltrate its forces into Eastern Europe. In January 1901, the Russian army launched an Eastern Front. The Russian commander divided the troops into two groups. In the northwest, the Russian army would deal with the German troops there in East Prussia, and in the southwest, another Russian army planned to fight against the Austrian army in Galicia within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Russia has a huge army of 450, which is one million more than the total of the German and Austro-Hungarian armies, but its vast territory and backward communication systems (this is exactly the same as the expectations of various countries). At the same time, the lack of food supplies and military supplies has caused the Russian army to be in danger (the Russian army cannot even provide enough food to its own army, and the order issued to the army is to raise military supplies on the spot).

On the northwest battlefield, the first and second armies of Russia tried to annihilate the German defenders of East Prussia through the tactics of north-south encirclement. In the early morning of January 17, the first armies of Russia crossed the border.

Three days later, the First Army launched an attack on the main force of the German army, forcing the German army to retreat. At the same time, the Russian Second Army took advantage of the situation and entered East Prussia from the south. However, after the first battle, the Russian First Army stopped its attack without taking advantage of the victory, which put the Second Army in a very dangerous situation.

At this time, the German army appointed the commander of the new land - Enrich Rudendolf. The subsequent development of the war proved that Rudendolf was indeed a rare talent for being a talented man.

On January 23, the new commander formulated an offensive plan against the Russian Second Army.

Since the only radio stations at the Russian Senior Command were basically not encrypted when sending the news, the Germans easily intercepted the Russian army's radio telegram and learned about the Russian army's intentions and deployments. This helped the German army very much.

Three days later, the German army launched an attack, with the main attack direction being the western flank of the Russian army exposed.

Soon, the German army began to attack the main force of the Russian army.

The command and control system of the Russian Second Army was in chaos, and the entire army began to collapse.

After the four-day war, the Russian Second Army was basically wiped out, and thousands of people became prisoners of the German army. The victory of the battle made Commander Rudendolf called national heroes by the German media, who named the battle after a small village called Tannenburg near the station.

During the entire battle of Tannenburg, the Russian First Army had not responded. Rudendolf decided to launch an attack before it took action.

Because the Russian army was located at that time very close to the densely forested Lake Massuri, the German army tried to drive them to this dangerous swamp.

On the 27th, the German army launched an attack.

Under the cover of two divisions, the Russian First Army retreated across the board and the large army was able to escape. However, the two Earth Divisions serving as rear guard missions were all killed.

The Russian army threw away their armor and finally retreated to their own territory. For Russia, the Battle of Lake Masurian was another catastrophic failure, with the Russian army losing 120,000 people and a large number of preparations.

By 213, all Russian troops withdrew from East Prussia. The Russian troops were defeated on the northwest battlefield.

Unlike the Northwest battlefield, the Russian army in the southwest was progressing smoothly. In Southern Galicia, they defeated the Austrian army there.

At this moment, the war on the Western Front became more and more intense, and the Austrian army was no longer able to send troops to reinforce the Eastern Front. Seeing that the Austrian army was unable to stand alone, Germany felt that the situation was urgent and had to send reinforcements to the southwest immediately.

Rudendolf, who had successfully commanded the Battle of Tannenburg, organized two-thirds of the German troops in East Prussia into the Ninth Army and headed to the southwest front.

The two sides fought a melee in the Rhodes region within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Finally, the Russian troops withdrew their troops towards Warsaw. Their plan was blocked. In this war, 130,000 German and Austrian troops were killed and injured, while the Russian troops lost at least 150,000.

In early 1901, both sides entered the short term

The situation is already very clear. The German army is stronger than the Russian army, mainly because the Russian army has severely lacked guns and ammunition. However, Russia's troops are still far stronger than Austro-Hungarian troops.

The German commander clearly realized that in future wars, all Austrian offensives would require their own help to succeed.

In 2001, in order to reinforce the already troubled Austrian troops, the German army launched an attack on the Russian army. At this time, the Russians were busy allocating supplies and sending 500,000 troops from Europe to Asia. This arduous task made all the Russians very tired.

The German army under Rudendolf's personal command quickly defeated the Russian army and captured more than 90,000 people. When the Russian army retreated, they destroyed all the bridges that crossed the river along the way. This was a great challenge for German engineers. To continue the attack, the bridge must be repaired or rebuilt, and the German engineers worked day and night.

35, 1901;:官网.

The war caused heavy losses to the Russian army, hundreds of thousands of Russian troops were killed or captured, and the supply of the army was rapidly reduced. Many soldiers did not even have rifles, and some troops even had three or five guns. This year, French historian Bernard Pers visited the front line, and a Russian soldier said sadly, "Sir, you know, we have no weapons except the chests of soldiers." Another soldier added, "Sir, this is not war; this is massacre."

The top leaders of the Russian army are obviously helpless now. 4. The Tsar removed his uncle Nicholas as the supreme commander of the Grand Duke, and took the military power to the front line to supervise the war. The Tsar was not in the capital, so he handed over the power of managing the country to Queen Alexandra and the "elder" Rasptuin, whom she trusted very much.
Chapter completed!