Chapter 52: Restoration and Heavy Treasure
The issuance of coin grass styles took a little bit of a twist. Although the Mint was almost a pattern, the emperor was not satisfied with the use of lithographed banknotes in China. Lin Guangyu believed that banknotes represent the face of the country, and the printing must be excellent, the paper must be beautiful, and the anti-counterfeiting ability must be strong.
Although silver bills and banknotes play a function similar to paper money, their credit foundation is based on the ability of individual banknotes and bill numbers. They cannot be considered without considering the needs of circulation across the country. Therefore, it is vague to print, casual paper, and poor anti-counterfeiting marks. However, the newly issued banknotes of the empire must establish a super image, so that they can establish a subconscious of credibility and reliability among the business people, and thus set off the country's transcendent status.
Where to find this new type of banknote that meets the requirements and standards? Zaize was very anxious in those days, but then good news came from Germany. Minister of Industry and Commerce Zhou Xuexi and Minister of Defense Tie Liang ended their inspection in Germany and purchased a large number of machines and equipment and returned home with a full load. Most of these machines and equipment will arrive one after another in the next few months, but a small number will return to China with the inspection team. What's more coincidentally, the list of machines that returned to China with the latest successful high-speed banknote printing machines and a group of technicians.
"It's God really helping me." Zaize originally had a general relationship with Zhou Xuexi, thinking that he had risen too quickly. He also wanted to shock the Zhou family by implementing salt administration reform in Zhili. However, the Zhou family's cooperation in salt administration reform and Zhou Xuexi's help in printing money made him vaguely unhappy about this layer of displeasure for a long time.
Who said that Zhou Xuexi got up too quickly? This job is very effective! It seems that he is also a wonderful person. In the future, business and finance will be very cooperative. With Zhou Xuexi in charge, he will be safe.
So, Zhou Xuexi is really a brilliant plan, isn't it possible? No! After making the decision to reform the currency system, Lin Guangyu roughly expected Zaize's dilemma, but he didn't want to point it out. So as not to embarrass Zaize, he sent a telegram to Zhou Xuexi in advance, asking him to conduct a proper investigation and must be done. Zhou and Tie originally focused on purchasing heavy industry and military equipment, but received a secret telegram from the emperor, but did not dare to neglect it. After more than half a month, he finally got the money printing machine.
Zhou Xuexi replied in his call: "This is a German new law printing machine. A single machine can print more than 8 single-type banknotes in a single day and night, which is very fast; the edges of the printed banknotes are neat, the patterns are exquisite, and the layers are clear, and it is not easy to forge them. People of the same virtue use the latest technology to add watermarks to the banknote paper patterns. When there is no light, the banknotes are no different from the rest. Once they look at them through the light, the watermark is clearly visible..."
In this way, not only Lin Guangyu was "very happy" but Zai Ze was also relieved, and the currency reform was finally actively promoted according to the agenda.
On September 25, five days before the official meeting of the Supervisory Yuan, the results of the currency reform were publicly issued. Of course, close to the water were bureaucrats in Beijing and members of parliament that arrived in advance.
The new silver dollar is commonly known as "Weixin Chongbao". It is exquisitely printed and has a strong three-dimensional sense and is of sufficient color. It sounds loud and sounds when thrown on the thick wooden board used by merchants to test the quality of silver dollars. The new banknote is commonly known as "Weixin Banknotes". The 100-yuan pattern is Nurhaci, the 50-yuan pattern is Huang Taiji, the 100-yuan pattern is Kangxi and Qianlong, and the one-yuan bill with the largest printing volume is Lin Guangyu himself. The ticket face is crisp, the three-dimensional pattern is strong, and it also has a watermark effect, which attracted praise. Chinese and foreign media unanimously affirmed and praised it.
Although the emperor and the Minister of Finance have taken "abolition of the two countries and the new government" as the established policy of currency reform, there are many things to do, and the currency reform is difficult and dangerous. There is no need to be explicitly stipulated at the beginning. It is just an understatement: "In the future, the two systems of treasury and balance will be abolished, and the funds of the various provinces will be settled by the Ministry of Finance and Budget Adjustment will be based on the reform silver dollar, and the virtual standard is the entity standard."
This kind of failure to rashly propose "abuse of two changes to the original state" and replace it with the method of reforming the silver dollar transition to minimize the opposition, because unifying the currency system of the country is the most basic goal of currency reform. Even those who oppose the abrogation of two changes to the original state cannot ignore one of the goals. Changing the virtual position to the entity position is essentially convenient for conversion and calculation. This benefit is also well-known. As for whether the policy of "abuse of two changes to the original state" after acceptance by the whole person, the policy of "abuse of two changes to the original state" through the real carrier of the new silver dollar, is a follow-up work, so there is no need to worry.
Since the new silver dollar is pegged to a basket of international currencies, its issuance is also very distinctive.
The total gold owned by Imperial Bank is equivalent to new silver dollars.
With a weight of 25%, the Reform Bank dollar can be issued in total 2 yuan, while the remaining coins are signed by currency reform consultants hired from various countries, and ensured through accurate loans. International credibility is used to ensure that the new currency of the Imperial Bank is fully prepared and issued after sufficient preparation.
In fact, at that time, the reserves issued by various countries were leveraged in the actual currency issuance, because currency holders would not all sell the currency they held to the central bank and demanded to exchange it for precious metals, so that economic activities would completely collapse. Generally, a reserve of 1 yuan can be issued with 38 yuan without worrying about a financial crisis.
Originally, currency consultants from China, Britain and the United States also persuaded China to use this method of issuance, but Lin Guangyu repeatedly considered it and refused the temptation of leverage ratio.
The emperor knew very well that according to the current reserve level, not to mention 2, even issuing 100 million will not cause inflation. However, as an initial reform, ensuring the stability of the currency system is much more important than obtaining excess seigniorage tax. In the past, the Qing court often issued large copper coins in order to solve financial difficulties. The same amount of copper coins in the same amount ranged from ten, twenty to twenty to fifty to development, and the people had doubts about the issuance of any new currency. If this doubt is not eliminated, the implementation of new currency will be full of resistance and will also affect the subsequent development of currency reform. On the surface, maintaining 1: the issuance of reserves without amplification of the currency is a pedantic act, but in fact it is a better form to win the trust of the people.
After the issuance of this 2 yuan Reform Renewal Refined Treasure, the same amount of Refined Banknotes is also issued, and the amount is also 2 yuan, that is, each dollar bill can be exchanged into coins. The leverage amplification coefficient in the middle is also abandoned by the emperor due to credit issues.
According to the provisions of the National Currency Regulations, the new Reform and Reform Banknotes are the one-to-one exchange subjects, and anyone holding one of the forms can exchange them into another form. Among them, there is no handling fee when the Reform Banknotes are exchanged into paper money. When the Reform Banknotes are exchanged into paper money, the minimum water fee of 1% is no less than 1 point. The purpose of this unilateral charge is to encourage the use of paper money.
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In order to encourage the use and promotion of national currency, according to the provisions of the National Currency Regulations, the currency of Restoration can be freely circulated and marketed from the date of issuance; from the month after the issuance, the salaries of the imperial guards and military salaries of the imperial guards will be distributed in the currency of reform and circulation, and no one may refuse to accept it; from the third year of the reform, all merchants and merchants in the capital and Zhili must pay taxes in the currency of reform, and the original silver ingots, silver dollars, and Yingyang must be converted into currency of reform before they can be paid.
When the reform currency was just issued, Zai Ze was really worried, fearing that the merchants would refuse to accept it and the circulation was not smooth, but the facts were shocking. After the first 100 yuan currency was issued, there was no trace of new currency on the market. The officials and soldiers who held the new currency had long been surrounded by people they knew, and tried every means to seek a new reform treasure. On the black market, the reform treasure with a price of one yuan could be sold to 3 or even higher. The various face papers marked A 000001.
The reason is that the public opinion has agreed that the Reform Money is exquisitely printed and minted, with sufficient weight, and sufficient credit guarantee. In particular, the statues of the saints today are really necessary to collect them. This situation is almost exactly the same as when the Imperial Daily was first published. The new currency released by the Imperial Bank from the exchange window every day cannot meet the huge demand at all. The maximum exchange volume on the day is consumed for only a quarter of an hour. Many people queued up at night in order to see the style of the new currency, and even lined up all night.
This craze even attracted the analysis of the Times, which believed that the Chinese are obsessed with the latest currency and their enthusiasm was completely beyond official expectations.
Wonderful! It's really amazing!
With such news as the foundation, Zaize's hanging heart finally let go, it's sought after? It doesn't matter, there are some backups in the Mint.
The 500 yuan currency printed in the early stage was put into the market. Although it temporarily relieved the market's hunger, it was still a long way from large-scale circulation and use. With the order of the Minister of Finance, the coin minting machine and the printing machine were fully activated, and a continuous stream of currencies began to be issued.
Chapter completed!