Chapter 80: How to judge the passing of time (1)

During the Yuanshuo period, Xue Ze was appointed as the prime minister. First, the Han Dynasty often regarded the marquis as prime minister, but Hong had no titles. The emperor issued an edict saying: "I cherish the way of the sages of the past, open up the roads and recruit people from all directions. In ancient times, those who were appointed virtuous and appointed as officials, those who were capable of being given great salaries, and those who were strong in virtue were given titles and honors, so their martial arts were shown to show their importance, while those who were literary and morals were praised. He gave 650 titles to Prime Minister Hong as the Marquis of Pingjin Township, Gao Cheng. " Later, he thought it was a story, and he was granted the title of Prime Minister since Hong.

——"The Biography of Gongsun Hong, Jia, Du Kangerkuan in the Book of Han Dynasty"

From the pre-Qin to the Western Han Dynasty, Confucianism first suffered from Mo, then the Dharma, and then the Huang-Lao, and suffered from the disaster of burning books and burying Confucianism in the middle. The six arts of Confucianism were almost extinct. The initial desolate situation was accustomed to the later Chinese who respected Confucianism. Confucius traveled around the countries, but in the end he was as rich as a dog who lost his family, ending up with sadness that "my way is exhausted"; Mencius was also unable to use the world for the rest of his life; and when Xunzi faced it

The seven countries competed for power and absorbed the ideas of Tao, Mo, Fa, and Fa schools, and changed Confucius and Mencius' "Father King" to "Father King". However, he still insisted on the idea of ​​"following Tao, not the king", and ended up in a miserable end. Qin also established a doctoral officer in charge of "Poetry", "Book", and hundreds of schools of thought, but at that time the Confucian scholars still adhered to their principles, because they understood the past and the present rather than discussing the government, and were eventually punished for the crime of eating the past.

At the end of the Qin Dynasty, heroes were competing for the end, and Confucianism also tried to seize this opportunity. There are records in historical books that "the King of Chen She was the one who was the Confucian Confucians who held the rituals of the Confucius family" and returned. In that era, Confucians all understood that the idealism of Confucius and Mencius could not adapt to the cruel process of establishing a new dynasty. Therefore, from the Confucian scholars such as Li Shiqi and Shusun Tong who assisted Liu Bang, we did not see that Confucianism should have a character that only talks about benevolence and righteousness but not utilitarianism.

Lai Shusun Tong established the ritual system for Emperor Gaozu of Han, which actually transplanted the Legalist idea of ​​"respecting the king and being inferior to the ministers" into Confucianism. Shusun Tong thus became Taichang and the prince's tutor. He was able to teach Confucianism openly. The emergence of Lu Jia, Jia Yi and others made Confucianism constantly accepted by the upper rulers of the Western Han Dynasty, and was widely spread among the people, beginning to have an impact on the entire society. When Emperor Wu succeeded to the throne, respecting Confucianism was actually about to emerge.

Later, Dong Zhongshu proposed a policy of unification in the "Three Strategies of Heaven and Man" presented to Emperor Wu of Han. He proposed a policy of unification in response to the split of the princes and the Huns' disturbance of the border at that time, and was appreciated by Emperor Wu. After Empress Dowager Dou passed away, Confucianism began to hide the power of official studies.

In November of the winter of the fifth year of Yuanshuo, Liu Che issued an edict to confer the title of Gongsun Hong, who was born in a civil robe as prime minister and the Marquis of Pingjin. All the Confucian scholars in the world celebrated and cheered.

Chen Jiao looked at all this silently and felt a sense of sacredness in great history. Unlike later generations, the Confucians of the Western Han Dynasty were a group of vigorous idealists. They were committed to reappearing the rule of the sage king described by Confucius and Mencius to the world. At the same time, due to their own disasters and difficulties, they were more flexible and changeable when facing reality. If Chen Jiao initially thought of stopping Confucianism. But after staying in this era for so long and Li Xi's continuous education, she already understood that Confucianism's supremacy is not anything

A character is one hand pushing the earth. It is caused by the changes in the entire historical trend and the continuous adaptation of Confucianism itself. Liu Che, who is eager to make a difference, needs a comprehensive theoretical system that can fully demonstrate the rationality of the central dynasty's rule from the perspective of the Heavenly Dao Temple and maintain the centralized system represented by the emperor. The new Confucianism expounded by Dong Zhongshu can take on this great task. During the storm, Confucianism can meet the time to fully establish the supreme position of Confucianism in the next hundred years. In this way, Dong Zhongshu deserves to be worthy of the honor of the Confucius Temple.

In the process of Confucianism ascending to the top, Gongsun Hong played the most important role in addition to Dong Zhongshu. If Dong Zhongshu provided a theoretical basis for Emperor Wu of Han during this turning point, then Gongsun Hong mainly formulated specific implementation plans for this turning point. The most important of them was that in the fifth year of Yuanshuo, Gongsun Hong proposed and formulated measures to establish a basic staff for the "Five Classics Doctors", and formulated methods and conditions for promotion and replenishment for in-service officials based on Confucian classics and etiquette. Chen Jiao looked carefully at the essays on Gongsun Hong, which was a complete set of plans for the education of Confucian classics and the selection of state officials. This book was recognized by Liu Che, and it was opened for the majority of Confucian scholars to enter the officialdom.

A shortcut to Zhongnan also allowed Confucianism to leap to the throne of the dynasty's dominance thought. The situation of commoners and ministers in the early Han Dynasty became a historical record. A group of Confucian scholars began to enter the temple, including ministers, officials, scholars, and officials. The ruling thought of the entire Western Han Dynasty basically completed the transformation from Huang Laozhi to Confucianism. The Confucianism's long-cherished wish of "cultivating oneself, managing the family, governing the country, and pacifying the world". Although the controversy about Gongsun Hong has been going on since his lifetime to his death, it is undeniable that he was definitely the most trusted official of Emperor Wu of Han during the dynasty of Emperor Wu of Han. At the same time, without him, the process of Confucianism becoming the supreme emperor in the ideological world would not be so smooth.

Chen Jiao sometimes thinks of her first encounter with Gongsun Hong in Xinfeng and her subsequent correspondences. No matter how his image in history, this person loves her very much from beginning to end. Unfortunately, since her identity was exposed, Gongsun Hong automatically stayed away from her, and his former intimacy was never again. For this reason, Chen Jiao couldn't help but feel regretful, but she also knew that this was helpless. She once saw someone summarizing the way of being an official of Gongsun Hong and Dong Zhongshu, saying that Dong Zhongshu practiced the way of being a teacher, always liked to be an emperor and guide the emperor where to go, but Gongsun Hong practiced the way of ministers, and regarded the king as the most respected, and sometimes even misinterpreted the meaning of the scriptures to serve the king. For such Gongsun Hong, after her identity was transformed into a king's wife, alienation was naturally inevitable.

"Empress, Empress, can you see, this cloth is good for the little princess to make clothes?" Annu's voice woke Chen Jiao from her thoughts. She turned her head and saw her holding a piece of cloth in her hand as she offered treasures.

"Aren't you tired? Jia'er's clothes are almost piled up. She is only two years old now." Chen Jiao smiled helplessly.

"Not tired. How could I be tired?" Anu shook his head excitedly and said.

"You guys, they all spoiled her too much." Chen Jiao shook her head and said. Chen Jiao stood up while talking and asked, "When is it now? Is lunch ready?"

"It's ready." Piao'er walked in from outside and said, "I'll wait for His Majesty to come back and start eating."
Chapter completed!