[Don't click, this time the anti-pirated version is released. The main text will be replaced before 8 o'clock in the morning. Please refresh if it does not appear at that time]

Wen Tianxiang (June 6, 1236 - January 9, 1283), whose first name was Yunsun, whose courtesy name was Song Rui and also his courtesy name Lushan. His name was Fuxiu Daoren, Wenshan. He was from Luling, Jizhou, Jiangxi Province (now Futian Town, Qingyuan District, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province [1]). He was a politician, writer, patriotic poet, and famous anti-Yuan minister. [2] National hero [2-3]. He was known as the "Three Heroes of the Song Dynasty" together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie.

In the fourth year of Baoyou (1256), the first Jinshi. In the first year of Kaiqing (1259), he was appointed as the chief minister and the judge of the Ninghai Army. In the sixth year of Xianchun (1270), he was appointed as the chief military chief and also the head of the scholar-in-chief. He was dismissed from office because of drafting an edict, which was a satirical minister of the powerful prime minister Jia Sidao. In the first year of Deyou (1275), the Yuan army went east along the Yangtze River. Wen Tianxiang spent his family wealth to serve as military funds, recruited 50,000 soldiers to defend the king and entered Lin'an. He was then appointed as the western Zhejiang, the commander of Jiangdong and the governor of Pingjiang Prefecture. He sent generals to Changzhou. He was defeated when the Huai general Zhang Quan saw the danger and retreated to Yuhang. He was immediately appointed as the right prime minister and the privy envoy. He was ordered to go to the Yuan army to negotiate peace, but he was denied the Yuan army in person. Prime Minister Boyan was detained and fled on the way to the north. In May, he was in Fuzhou with Zhang Shijie, Minister of Rites Lu Xiufu, Right Prime Minister Chen Yizhong, and others supported King Yiwang Zhao as the emperor. They established a plan to take the sea route north to restore Jiangsu and Zhejiang. They were blocked by Chen Yizhong, so they went to Nanjianzhou (now Nanping, Fujian) to fight against Yuan. In May of the second year of Jingyan (1277), they attacked Jiangxi again, and finally retreated to Guangdong due to their own strength. In December of the first year of Xiangxing (1278), they were captured at Wupoling (now north of Haifeng, Guangdong). The following year, the Yuan army took him to Yashan (now south of Xinhui), and ordered Zhang Shijie to be surrendered. Wen Tianxiang refused and wrote a poem "Crossing the Lingdingyang" to show his ambition. [4]

Later, he was exiled to Dadu of Yuan (now Beijing). Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, personally persuaded him to surrender and promised him to serve as the prime minister of the Central Secretariat. Wen Tianxiang was righteous and would rather die than surrender. On the ninth day of the 19th year of Zhiyuan of Yuan Dynasty (January 9, 1283), he was executed in Dadu at the age of 47. [4] Authors of "Wenshan Poetry Collection", "Guide Record", "Guide Record", "Guide Record", "Song of Righteousness", etc.

Sidao was unhappy and ordered the Taiwanese minister Zhang Zhili to impeach him and remove him. Wen Tianxiang had been reprimanded several times, citing Qian Ruoshui's example to retire. He was thirty-seven years old at that time.[11]

In the ninth year of Xianchun (1273), he was appointed as the punishment for Jinghu South Road. Therefore, he met the original prime minister Jiang Wanli. Jiang Wanli was surprised by Wen Tianxiang's ambition and integrity. When talking about state affairs with him, he said sadly: "I am old, and people should change when observing the weather and time. I have seen many people. Isn't it up to you to take responsibility for governing the country? I hope you work hard." [12]

Lead the army to save the king

In the tenth year of Xianchun (1274), Wen Tianxiang was appointed as the governor of Ganzhou (now Ganzhou, Jiangxi). [13] In the first year of Deyou (1275), the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were in a hurry, and the Song court ordered the soldiers of the world to serve the king. Wen Tianxiang held the edict and cried with the edict, and sent Chen Jizhou to lead the patriots in the county, and at the same time contacted the Xidong barbarians. Fang Xing summoned the soldiers from Jizhou (now Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province). The heroes and heroes responded and gathered thousands of soldiers. Reported to the court and ordered him to lead his army into the guard of the capital in the name of the Jiangnan West Road Execution Punishment Envoy. His friends stopped him and said: "Now the Yuan army is divided into three routes to attack south, breaking through the suburbs of Beijing. , Forcing the mainland, you went to Beijing with more than 10,000 people, which was no different from driving away sheep and fighting with tigers." Wen Tianxiang replied, "I know that's the case. However, the country has raised and cultivated subjects for more than 300 years. Once there is a crisis, it will be a big deal to recruit soldiers from all over the world, but no one will enter the capital of the guard. I feel deeply regretful. Therefore, I overestimate myself and sacrificed my life for the country. I hope that some loyal ministers and righteous men in the world will rise up after hearing about this. Relying on benevolence and righteousness to win can be independent, and relying on a large number of people can promote success in careers. If we follow this, the country will be guaranteed."[14]

Wen Tianxiang is open-minded and generous, and has a rich life of food and clothing, and has a lot of voices. At this time, he was heartbroken and punished himself, and used all his family's assets as military expenses. Whenever he talked to guests and his subordinates about the current affairs of the country, he would cry and placate the case and say, "People who use other people's happiness as happiness is also worried about the things that others worry about, and those who use other people's food and clothing as their source of food and clothing should never refuse to die for other people's affairs."

In August of the first year of Deyou (1275), Wen Tianxiang led his troops to Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) and served as the prefect of Pingjiang Prefecture. At that time, because Prime Minister Chen Yizhong did not return to the court, he was not sent. In October, Chen Yizhong arrived and was sent to serve. The court had just promoted Lu Shimeng to the Minister of War and named Lu Wende to the Prince of Heyi, hoping to seek reconciliation. Lu Shimeng became even more arrogant and arrogant.[15]

Wen Tianxiang was taken to Chaoyang. When he saw Zhang Hongfan, the officials on both sides ordered him to kneel down and bow down, but he did not bow down. Zhang Hongfan then met him with the guests' etiquette and went to Yashan with him to write a letter to surrender Zhang Shijie. Wen Tianxiang said: "I can't defend my parents, and I can teach others to betray their parents, can I?" Because I forced me to ask for letters many times, I wrote the poem "Crossing the Zero Dingyang" to them. The ending sentence of this poem says: "Since ancient times, no one has died, so I can leave my heart to shine. History." Zhang Hongfan smiled and collected it. After the defeat of Yashan, the Yuan army held a banquet to reward the army. Zhang Hongfan said: "The Prime Minister's loyalty and filial piety have been fulfilled. If he could change his attitude and serve the Emperor Yuan like serving the Song Dynasty, he would not lose his position as the Prime Minister." Wen Tianxiang said with tears in his eyes: "The country cannot be saved. As a minister, he has more than enough to die. How dare he have two intentions to live a life of silence?" Zhang Hongfan felt his benevolence and righteousness and sent someone to escort Wen Tianxiang to the capital. [27]

Sacrifice the country calmly
Chapter completed!