This release is an anti-pirated version. The text will be replaced before 8 o'clock in the morning. Please refresh if it does not appear.

Lu You (November 13, 1125 - January 26, 1210[1]), whose courtesy name is Wuguan and his pseudonym Fangweng, was a Han nationality, from Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), was the grandson of Lu Dian, the right chief of the Shangshu, was a writer, historian, and patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty.[2]

Lu You was born at the time of the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was young, he was deeply influenced by his family's patriotism. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Song, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites, but his career was not smooth because he was rejected by the prime minister Qin Hui. After Emperor Xiaozong of Song ascended the throne, he was granted the title of Jinshi and served as the chief clerk of Ningde County, Fuzhou. He was deleted by the official position of the Longxing Prefecture. Because he insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty, he was repeatedly rejected by the Lord and the Lord. In the seventh year of Gandao (1171), at the invitation of Wang Yan, the Sichuan Xuanfu envoy, he joined the army and served in the Nanzheng Shogunate. The following year, the Shogunate was released. After the scattering, Lu You entered Shu under the imperial edict and became acquainted with the Sichuan commander Fan Chengda. After Emperor Guangzong of Song ascended the throne, he was promoted to the doctor of the Ministry of Rites and the reviewer of the Records Institute. Soon after, he was dismissed from office for "mockery of Fengyue". In the second year of Jiatai (1202), Emperor Ningzong of Song ordered Lu You to enter Beijing and presided over the editing of Xiaozong. Guangzong's "Records of the Two Dynasties" and "History of the Three Dynasties" were held at Baozhang Pavilion. After the book was completed, Lu You lived in Shanyin for a long time. In the second year of Jiading (1210), he passed away and left his last writing "Showing the Son".

Lu You has been writing throughout his life, and has achieved great achievements in poetry and essays. His poetry language is easy to understand, and his composition is neat and rigorous, and he combines Li Bai's majestic and unrestrained style with Du Fu's gloomy and sadness, especially with patriotic enthusiasm, and has a profound impact on future generations. The achievements of lyrics and prose are also high. Liu Kezhuang, a Song Dynasty scholar, said that his lyrics "Those who are passionate and generous can not pass Jiaxuan." He has written 85 volumes of "Jiannan Poetry Draft" and collected more than 9,000 poems. There are also 50 volumes of "Weinan Collection of Essays", 10 volumes of "Lao Xue'an Notes" and "Southern Tang Book". The calligraphy is vigorous and unrestrained, and the ink lines in the world include "Kuhan Tie".

In the second year of Chunxi (1175), Fan Chengda was transferred from Guilin to Chengdu, served as the Sichuan commander, and recommended Lu You as the senator of Jincheng. Fan Chengda commanded Shuzhou and Lu You as the senator. The two made friends with literature and became close friends. [56] The Southern Song Dynasty masters and forces slandered Lu You for "not being polite and law" and "swallows were declining". Fan Chengda was under pressure and dismissed Lu You. Lu You opened a vegetable garden by the Huanhua Creek near Du Fu's Thatched Cottage and worked in Shuzhou. [57]

In the third year of Chunxi (1176), in response to the attacks of the peace faction of the peace of mind, Lu You called himself "Fang Weng" and launched a counterattack. [58-59] In June, Lu You was ordered to take charge of Chongdao Temple in Tongbai Mountain, Taizhou, and used "Sanctuary" to maintain his family's livelihood. [60] In June of the fourth year of Chunxi (1177), Fan Chengda was summoned to return to the capital, and Lu You sent it to Meizhou, begging Fan Chengda to persuade the emperor to "take Guanzhong first and Hebei" and "become the Qing Dynasty in Shenzhou early." [61]

The officialdom has fallen

In the fifth year of Chunxi (1178), Lu You became famous in poetry. He was summoned by Emperor Xiaozong and appointed him as Fuzhou and Jiangxi to serve as a presiding official in Chaping Salt.

In the autumn of the sixth year of Chunxi (1179), Lu You was appointed as the chief executive of Changping, Jiangxi, in charge of granaries and water conservancy. The following year, Jiangxi suffered floods, Lu You ordered each county to open warehouses and release grain, and personally "deliver grains on the boat". [62] At the same time, he submitted an emergency to the court, requesting the opening of Changchang warehouses to provide relief. In November, Lu You returned to Beijing under the imperial edict, and Zhao Ruyu took the opportunity to impeach Lu You for "not being self-examination, and his actions exceeded the rules." Lu You angrily resigned and returned to Shanyin. [63]

In the 13th year of Chunxi (1186), after Lu You lived in Shanyin for five years [64], the court re-appointed him as the governor of Yanzhou. Lu You went to Beijing to say goodbye to Xiaozong. At that time, Lu You's famous poems were great. Xiaozong encouraged Lu You in Yanhe Palace: "Yanling's mountains are green and beautiful. In addition to official business, you can go to visit and chant." [65] When Lu You was in Yanzhou, he "re-given gifts to open up the cannons and provide relief and relief", which was deeply loved by the people. [66] In his spare time, Lu You compiled his old works and named them "Jiannan Poetry Drafts".

In July of the 15th year of Chunxi (1188), Lu You was appointed as the governor of military weapons, and the court was promoted to the Second Supervisor of Military Weapons, in charge of the manufacturing and repair of weapons, and entered the capital again.[67]

In February of the 16th year of Chunxi (1189), Xiaozong abdicated in Zhao Dun (Song Guangzong). Lu You submitted a memorial and proposed a systematic opinion on governing the country and completing the Northern Expedition, suggesting "reducing taxes, punishing greed and suppressing tyrants"; "repairing military preparations, and recruiting talents", and "trying to make great plans" to restore the Central Plains.[68]

In the first year of Shaoxi (1190), Lu You was promoted to the doctor of the Ministry of Rites and the reviewer of the Records Institute [69], and once again advised Guangzong to open up his own way of speaking out, be cautious in his own way, and think more about it [70], and advised Guangzong to take the lead in being frugal and to respect the weather. [71] Because Lu You "loved to discuss restoration", He Dan, the counselor, impeached Lu You's proposal to "out of time", and the peace faction also attacked him. The court finally removed him from his post and dismissed him in the name of "mockery of Fengyue". Lu You left the capital again, was very sad and angry, and wrote that his residence was "Fengyuexuan". [72]

3 Describes pastoral scenery and daily life. Lu You loves life and is good at discovering poetry from various life scenes. Whether it is mountains, rivers, plants, insects and fish, whether it is ordinary life in the countryside or leisurely fun in the study, "Any grass, a tree, a fish, and a bird are all cut into poems." [95] The poem "Traveling in Shanxi Village" has bright colors and contains philosophy in the description of scenery. Among them, "The mountains and rivers are full of roads, and there is no way, and the willows and flowers are dark and bright" has become a well-known quote. His "Lin'an Spring Rain" describes the spring in the south of the Yangtze River, and the imaginary scenery is real, delicate and beautiful, with full meaning.

4 Love Poems. Due to the constraints of Neo-Confucianism on the thoughts and feelings of scholars and the development of Song lyrics, the function of romance in Song poetry gradually weakened. The quantity and quality of love poems in Song Dynasty were difficult to match Tang poetry, but Lu You was an exception. Lu You had an unforgettable emotional experience with his ex-wife when he was young. His poems to mourn his ex-wife were sincere and touching. The "Two Poems of Shen Yuan" written in his later years were called "the poem of sadness" by later generations [96], and are a rare fine product in ancient love poems.

3. Lu Shi's status

Lu You occupied a very important position in the poetry world of the Southern Song Dynasty. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, although the situation was critical, morale was still strong, and the poetry world was quite cheered up. With the formation of a peaceful situation in the Southern Song Dynasty, the scholars and officials gradually became negative, and the poetry world became sluggish. The theme of chanting the wind and moon and the style of trivial and weak became increasingly obvious. Lu You was heartbroken by this situation [105]. He raised the banners of Qu, Jia, Li, Du, and the people of the previous dynasty, Ou, Su, and the people of the Southern Cross (Lu Benzhong, Zeng Ji, etc.) to fight against it. Huang Zhongda Lu, who raised the patriotic theme, cheered up the poetry style, which had a positive impact on the poetry of the late Southern Song Dynasty. Dai Fugu and Liu Kezhuang in the Jianghu Poetry School both learned from Lu You. By the end of the Song Dynasty, the era background of the country's destruction and family destruction made Lu You's patriotic spirit deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Chapter completed!