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Youth Travel

In the 19th year of Kaiyuan (731), the 19-year-old Du Fu went on a trip to Xunxia (now Linyi, Shanxi)[7]. At the age of twenty, Du Fu wandered around Wuyue for several years. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), Du Fu returned to his hometown to participate in the "Greeting Tribute". In the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736), Du Fu took the Jinshi exam in Luoyang, but failed. Du Fu's father was the Sima of Yanzhou at that time, so Du Fu went to Yanzhou to visit relatives, and went to Zhaopingyuan, Qi with Su Yuanming and others for a second roaming. Perhaps his father was

As Sima in Yanzhou, he spent four or five years of "happy" life in Qi and Zhao areas, and left behind several of the earliest existing poems: "Climbing the Tower of Yanzhou", which was the work of his father in Yanzhou; there are also two poems "Painting Eagle" and "Fang Bing Cao Hu Horse", which praises the eagle and the horse with the enthusiasm of young people; there is also a poem "Looking at the Mountain", which is also a masterpiece among them. The two sentences at the end are famous lines that have been passed down through the ages: "You will be able to climb the top of the mountain and look down at all the mountains", which reveals the poet's extraordinary ambitions in his youth.

In April of the third year of Tianbao (744), Du Fu met Li Bai, who was given gold by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang in Luoyang. The two made an appointment to visit Liang and Song (now Kaifeng, Henan, Shangqiu area). They met with the poet Gao Shi, which was the third time. After that, Du Fu went to Qizhou (now Jinan, Shandong).

In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), he met Li Bai in Qilu again. In addition to drinking and writing poems, he discussed refining alchemy and seeking immortality, and visited Fan Yeren, a hermit in the north of Yanzhou City. The two also presented poems to each other. Du’s poem said: “I am a guest in the east, and I am as pity as my brother. I sleep drunk and fall in autumn and walk hand in hand together.” Li’s poem said: “The autumn waves fall in the Si River, the sea is bright and the flying hangs are far away, and I will all have the cups in my hands!” The two never met again since then.

War and displace

In November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out. In June of the following year, Tongguan was lost and Xuanzong fled westward. In July, the prince Li Heng was located in Lingwu (now Lingwu City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), and was Suzong. At this time, Du Fu had moved his family to Qiang Village in Fuzhou (now Fu County, Shaanxi) for refuge. He heard that Suzong ascended the throne, so he went north alone in August and defected to Lingwu. On the way, unfortunately captured the rebels and took him to Chang'an. Wang Wei, who was also captured, was under strict supervision. Du Fu was not imprisoned because of his small official position. Although he encountered personal misfortunes, Du Fu was worried about the country and the people at all times.

During the Anshi Rebellion, he always watched the development of the current situation. During this period, he wrote two articles: "Statement of the Situation of the Guo Envoy of Huazhou to Destroy the Resident Crown" and "Five Poems on the Examination of the Jinshi in Huazhou in the First Year of Qianyuan", and proposed suggestions to eliminate the Anshi rebels and considered how to reduce the burden on the people. When Li Siye, the governor of Zhenxibeiting, passed by Huazhou, the army of the powerful troops who fought against the rebels, passed by Huazhou, he wrote the poem "Two Poems on Watching the Anxi soldiers passing by Guanzhong" and expressed his strong patriotic enthusiasm.[10]

In April of the first year of Yongtai (765), Yan Wu died and Du Fu left Chengdu. Through Jiazhou (Leshan), Rongzhou (Yibin), Yuzhou (Chongqing), Zhongzhou (Zhongxian), Yun'an (Yunyang), and arrived in Kuizhou (Fengjie) in the first year of Dali (766) of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the care of Bai Maolin, the governor of Kuizhou, Du Fu was able to temporarily live here, manage 100 hectares of Dongtun public land for the public, rented some public land, bought forty acres of orchards, hired several employees, and participated in some labor.

During the period, the poet's creation reached its climax. In less than two years, he wrote more than 430 poems, accounting for 30% of the existing works. During this period, his works include "Happy Rain on the Spring Night", "Song of the Thatched House Destroyed by the Autumn Wind", "Shu Prime Minister", "Hearing the Official Army to Receive Henan, Hebei", and "Climbing the High". The most famous poem is: "How can I get thousands of buildings to shelter all the poor people in the world to be happy." In "Climbing the High": "The endless fallen trees are rustling down, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling" is a masterpiece of eternal song. [11][13]

Dead in the boat

In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu was homesick, so he took a boat out of the gorge, first went to Jiangling, and then moved to the public security. At the end of the year, at the end of the year, he drifted to Yueyang, Hunan, and bent down the Yueyang Tower. He climbed the long-awaited Yueyang Tower, looking into the distance, facing the vast and vast Dongting Lake, thinking that he was wandering in his later years and the country was full of disasters and difficulties, and was filled with emotion, so he wrote "Climbing Yueyang Tower" [14]. Due to life difficulties, he not only could not return north, but was also forced to go south. In the first month of the fourth year of Dali, he went from Yueyang to Tanzhou (Changsha), and from Tanzhou to Hengzhou (Hengyang), and then returned to Tanzhou.

In the fifth year of Dali (770), Zang Jie was in rebellion in Tanzhou, and Du Fu fled to Hengzhou again. He originally planned to go to Chenzhou to seek refuge with his uncle Cui Feng, but when he arrived in Leiyang, the river water surged, so he had to stay in Fangtian Post. He didn't eat anything for five days. Fortunately, the county magistrate Nie sent someone to bring wine and meat and was saved. Later, Du Fu went from Leiyang to Chenzhou and had to go up more than 200 miles against the current. At this time, the flood had not yet subsided. Du Fu was originally determined to return north, so he changed his plan, went down the current, and turned back to Tanzhou. In the winter of Dali (770), Du Fu died on a small boat from Tanzhou to Yueyang. [11] At that time, he was fifty-nine years old. [15]

The parallelism is neat and there is no trace of parallelism. For example, "Climbing High" by Yang Lun, which is called "the first seven-character rule of Du Ji" is like this: "The wind is strong, the sky is high, the apes are roaring, the sand is clear, the white birds fly back. The endless fallen trees are rustling down, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling. Thousands of miles of sad autumn are always guests, and they have been on stage for more than a hundred years. Difficulties and bitterness are full of frost hair, and the turbid wine glass is stopped." [18] The whole poem is very precise and sophisticated in the rhythmic sentences. All eight sentences are correct, and the first couplet is correct. The rigorous parallelism is covered by the flow of the image, and the strict becomes smooth.

The highest achievement of Du Fu's regulated verse can be said to be the writing of this pose in a harmonious and flowing way, without any trace to be found. If you write it inadvertently, people will forget it as a regulated verse. For example, "The Happy Rain in Spring Night": "Good rain knows the season, and it will happen when spring comes. Sneak into the night with the wind, moistening things silently. The wild paths are black, the river boats are bright, the fire is bright, the flowers are wet in the morning, and the flowers are heavy in the prime of the city." The first four sentences are paired with flowing water, and the charm of the spring rain is written in one breath, silently coming, and the last couplet describes a surprise of suddenly looking back, with a rigorous and complete rhythm.
Chapter completed!