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Chapter 54 Creativity

It was not difficult to delay in two months, but most things in the world were contrary to their wishes. Just as Malaya was trying to seize Sumatra and win a buffer for Singapore, another major event happened in East Asia.

On August 9, 1945, on the eve of Japan's defeat and surrender, the United States proposed to occupy the southern and northern parts of the Korean Peninsula with the third-degree north latitude as the boundary, namely the 38th parallel, respectively, and it was recognized by the Soviet Union.

On December 29, 1945, the US military government announced the Moscow Agreement signed by the Foreign Ministers of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union on December 27 on the trusteeship of the Korean Peninsula and the establishment of a temporary democratic government on the Korean Peninsula. In March 1946, the US-Soviet Trusteeship Committee was formed. China formally completed the agreement in the Yalta Agreement because it was on the brink of civil war. Although the committee's goal was to enable the Korean Peninsula to elect its own legitimate democratic government as soon as possible under the supervision of this committee, the United States and the Soviet Union supported the regimes that were subject to their own forces within the scope of occupation of their own troops. Both the United States and the Soviet Union, on the brink of the Cold War, absorbed the lessons learned in Europe and began to boldly establish an "iron curtain" on the issue of the Korean Peninsula, which is the vacuum zone in the Yalta Agreement.

In northern North Korea, the Soviet army suppressed the right-wing student movement in Longyanpu, Pingbei, North Korea and the "anti-trustworthy" student movement in Xinyiju. North Korean nationalists and right-wing elements were wiped out, and almost all the political parties in the north were all Communists or left-wing groups, and the right-wing parties were basically eliminated.

In the south, South Korea, the space for activities of various Communist factions was getting smaller and smaller under the attacks of US occupation forces and right-wing forces. By 1947, the main leader of the South Korean Communist Party fled to the north. Its influence in South Korea also disappeared. If the United States wants to support a spokesperson who tends to the US government, it can only be the Rhee group.

On May 10, 1948, under the strict guard and supervision of the military and police, South Korea held a separate election. According to local statistics after the closure of various voting sites on the 10th, about 85% of South Korea's 8 million voters participated in the election. The result of the election was that Syngman Lee became the president of South Korea with a slightly superior advantage. On August 15, the Republic of Korea government was officially established, and the United Nations immediately accepted him as a member of the United Nations.

The north, without the supervision of a neutral country, adopted its own separate election measures. According to the Soviet Union, 99.98% of the voters participated in this election in North Korea, and Kim Il-sung was elected as the supreme leader of North Korea. On September 9, 1948, the Supreme People's Congress was established, which announced the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The Soviet Union and socialist countries in Eastern Europe immediately recognized it.

As a result, two ideologically hostile land regimes were formed on the Korean Peninsula. Both the north and south sides of the Korean Peninsula believed that there was only one country on the Korean Peninsula, and that the country was in a state of division. National unification was the goal that both sides pursued. From the perspective of the history of the world Cold War, compared with other countries that were also intervened by the United States and the Soviet Union at that time, such as Greece, Azerbaijan, Germany and China, the iron curtain on the Korean Peninsula was as thick and high as the Berlin Wall in Germany, reaching a level that nationalism could not be broken. It is worth mentioning that during this period, the US Far East strategic center.

In China, its support for South Korea is not as good as that of the Soviet Union against North Korea. With the failure of Stuart's last diplomatic efforts to China and the publication of the US State Department's diplomatic white paper, the United States showed a temporary retreat after losing its support point in its Far East strategy. Truman made a public speech, landing the US strategic defense line on the Tsushima Strait and the east coast of Taiwan. It was this decision that made South Korea and Taiwan become abandoned temporarily. It was this decision that made Kim Il-sung feel the opportunity and then formally proposed to Stalin the idea of ​​unifying the Korean Peninsula by force.

In the early morning of June 25, 1950, after obtaining Stalin's approval, Kim Il-sung, Prime Minister of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and Commander of the Korean People's Army, ordered the army to cross the 38th parallel and launched a sudden attack on the Republic of Korea. At that time, two-thirds of the troops of the Republic of Korea's National Defense Forces had not yet entered a state of combat readiness and had no power to resist. Three days later, Seoul was lost today.

The Soviet Union participated in all the planning, preparation and implementation of the military operation against South Korea, just to avoid causing US intervention and being criticized by world public opinion, Stalin took relatively hidden measures. At the beginning of the offensive, Stalin ordered the recall of all Soviet advisers in the front line of the Korean People's Army, who did not want to leave evidence and were accused of participating in the matter.

However, the New China was unaware of the preparation process and specific plans of the war. Perhaps it was because China was stepping up preparations to attack Taiwan. Perhaps it was estimated that the United States would not interfere and did not need or want China to intervene. In short, Stalin and Kim Il-sung blocked information and intelligence against China. Before the outbreak of the war, all the weapons of Soviet aid were transported to North Korea by sea, rather than by Chinese railways. The purpose of doing so was to prevent China from knowing North Korea's preparations. Even the initial news at the outbreak of the Korean War, Mao ZD actually learned from foreign newspapers.

Kim Il-sung did not want China to interfere in North Korea when he was full of confidence and confidence. When Stalin was considering changing his policy to the Korean Peninsula, he had two concerns about China's new ally: he was worried that Mao ZD would oppose Moscow's decision in advance, and he was worried that Mao ZD would stay out of the matter when the situation was difficult and did not obey Moscow's command. Lin Lei

In early 1950, Mao ZD visited the Soviet Union, forcing Stalin to sign a new Sino-Soviet Treaty, and the result was that the Soviet Union would lose its estuary and unfreezing port to the Pacific Ocean. In order to maintain the Soviet Union's strategic goal in the Far East, Stalin must achieve control of the entire Korean Peninsula to replace the strategic position lost in Northeast China. Therefore, Moscow decided to actively support North Korea in launching a assault war and quickly unify the Korean Peninsula.

New China has just been established and is preparing for the battle to liberate Taiwan. Mao ZD obviously does not want North Korea to have a war that may pose a threat to China's security at this time. However, as the head of the Asian Revolution, Mao ZD cannot refuse Kim Il-sung's request, especially after Stalin had made a statement. China can only accept the fait accompli.

The outbreak of the Korean War was indeed unexpected for Washington. However, the United States' response was extremely rapid and fierce. From the initial shock and panic of obtaining the war news to the final decision to fully intervene in the war, it took only a few days before and after. The United States' policy toward North Korea and even the Far East policy suddenly changed.

With blind understanding, misjudgment, psychological and military preparations, the US government hastily made a major decision to enter the state of war. This cannot be said to be a certain accident. However, behind this accident, in various accidental intersections, there is still a certain necessity, and there is a historical basis for the United States to be involved in the war.

First of all, the post-war world was divided into two major camps of socialism and capitalism, and there were two opposite and hostile ideologies. Since the United States considered itself the leader of the capitalist world, it also assumed the responsibility and obligation to defend the entire capitalist world. The Soviet Union was the leader of the socialist camp. In the eyes of the United States, the Soviet Union was taking advantage of its military advantages established after the war - this advantage is more threatening because of its mastery of atomic weapons, achieving its consistent propaganda goal: to liberate all mankind. Therefore, the United States believes that the attack on South Korea is a blatant challenge from the socialist camp to the capitalist camp.

Furthermore, the introduction of Trumanism has long set the tone for the US foreign policy: as the leader of the Western world, the United States must resist any offensive or created tensions launched by the Soviet Union. From Greece to Berlin, from Iran to China, from West Asia to the Far East, this is how the process of the post-war years has come. Although from the perspective of military strategy, the Korean Peninsula is outside the US Far East defense line, from the perspective of political strategy, South Korea is after all

After all, the United States' sphere of influence is a frontier position in the Western world protected by the United States. In order to maintain the United States' prestige around the world and to avoid losing the face of the "leader of the free world", even the Korean Peninsula, which is not very important to the United States in military and economic terms, has become a symbol of the United States' determination to defend the Western world from "communist aggression". Since the "lost" of China in 1949, South Korea's symbol in the Far East has become more important and representative.

The United States determined that the offensive against South Korea was the first step in the Soviet Union's strategic offensive. Therefore, the consequences of this action were conceived very seriously. After the meeting of the Blair Building on June 25, Acheson submitted a telegram from Truman from Tokyo. Dulles' analysis was: "Watching North Korea is ravaged by armed attacks for no reason will have a series of catastrophic consequences, which is likely to cause a world war."

On June 26, US President Truman ordered the US Far East Air Force stationed in Japan to assist South Korea in combat. On the 27th, the US Seventh Fleet was again ordered to enter two ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung. Patrol the Taiwan Strait to prevent the Chinese People's Liberation Army from crossing the sea to capture Taiwan. The US representative to the United Nations also submitted a motion to the Security Council. In the absence of a Soviet representative protesting that the Chinese representative seat was continued to be occupied by the Taiwan government of the Republic of China since January 1950, the motion was passed when Yugoslavia voted against it. When the Korean War broke out on June 25, the Soviet ambassador to the United Nations suggested to Stalin that the Soviet representative should return to the Security Council before the end of June to exercise its veto power and oppose the United Nations passing a resolution that was not conducive to North Korea, but was rejected by Stalin.

The United Nations Army was dominated by the US military, and 15 other countries also sent a small number of troops to participate in the war. The United Kingdom, Turkey, Canada, Thailand, New Zealand, Australia, the Netherlands, France, the Philippines, Greece, Belgium, Colombia, Ethiopia, Luxembourg, South Africa and the Republic of Korea were all under the command of the US Far East Army stationed in Japan. General MacArthur was the commander of the US Far East Army. On July 5, the US military participated in the first battle against North Korea.

"The North Koreans are wrong, but the Americans are confused!" Wu Ming couldn't help but sigh in his heart, "After four years of fire and blood competition, the Chinese GCD finally gained national power, while the Kuomintang was defeated and fled a corner of Taiwan. For the Chinese GCD, the final blow was only the final blow to complete the cause of national liberation and unification, and for the Kuomintang, it was resentful of the humiliation of defeat and defeat, and never forgot to counterattack the mainland. At this moment, the US government intervened between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party again and protected the Kuomintang, which naturally caused great indignation from the new Chinese government. At the same time, the US government's statement that Taiwan is still under Japanese territory. Its status remains to be discussed, which greatly hurts the national feelings of the Chinese people. The United States sent warships to the Taiwan Strait, and the land was indeed

The People's Liberation Army's attack on Taiwan was blocked. However, the New China had to give up its policy plan to attack Taiwan. The objective result was that a large number of Chinese troops were transferred from the southeast coast to the northeast. That is to say, this situation resulted in an objective condition for large-scale Chinese troops to enter North Korea. This was exactly the case with the development of the later situation. If the United States had not interfered with the Taiwan issue, then the People's Liberation Army held a cross-sea battle on the southeast coast, and it was rarely possible for the Chinese People's Liberation Army to gather troops in the northeast border and enter North Korea to fight. Therefore, the Seventh Fleet prevented the Chinese army from attacking Taiwan, but MacArthur faced hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops entering North Korea, which was unexpected when the US government made a decision."

"At this time, no one would have expected that the New China would send troops to North Korea to participate in the war!" Wu Ming walked to the window, opened the window, and made his mind clearer. "Although Malaya has not joined the United Nations yet, China's entry into North Korea and participation in the war will make Malaya's status subtle. How to obtain greater benefits during this buffer time and enable Malaya to enter a period of stable development is really a headache."

"President. Speaker Chen is here, and he still brings someone." A servant pushed the door and reported.

"Please bring two cups of tea." Wu Ming put away his thoughts and nodded and ordered.

As soon as the door opened, Chen Jiageng and Situ Meitang walked in, which made Wu Ming stunned.

"Old Situ, when did you arrive, I didn't inform you, and let me, a junior, greet you." Wu Ming hurried forward and helped the two old men sit on the sofa.

"I'm afraid you will go to welcome you and delay the main business." Situ Meitang smiled and waved his hand, "This man is old, and I want to take a look around while he can still walk around."

"Situ got off the boat and told me not to tell you." Chen Jiageng interrupted: "Situ came to Malaya with the first Chinese who returned from the United States."

Wu Ming personally brought the tea sent by the servant to the two old men. He smiled and said, "So that's how it is. I don't know how well the ships arranged by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were taking care of them along the way? Mr. Situ, please come up with any opinions. Isn't it here to provoke a gang today? " "Haha, I dare not ask for my old man." Situ Meitang smiled and said, "I just want to ask for some advice from you, and then I want to go to the mainland to have a look."

"Go to the mainland?" Wu Ming frowned slightly, "Go to the mainland at this time, Mr. Situ, what do you think of me? Even if you say, from outsiders, I am the president. When I am closed, I am a junior. What can I say to you honestly?"

"I'm so attentive, so attentive." Situ Meitang picked up the teacup and took a sip, and said slowly: "From raising the banner of independence in Malaya to establishing a country, now, he has been regarded as the overlord of Southeast Asia. In just a few years, his achievements have surprised the world. It can be said that no one can do better than you."

"Yes!" Chen Jiageng said, "The Chinese in Southeast Asia can have the present, but they didn't even dare to think about it before. Dehua, whether in military or in the grasp of the general trend of the world, I believe no one can surpass you. A hundred years ago, the Chinese took a pole to sell piglets to work in a nearly slave manner. After struggle, they mastered the economy of Nanyang. If there was no Malaya, they would probably leave Nanyang with a pole."

"Not only the Chinese in Southeast Asia, but also the Chinese in America should thank you for your efforts." Situ Meitang sighed: "Just taking this time the Chinese Americans can come to Malaya to take refuge, it is enough to show that you and the government you established are for the Chinese. I heard that Malaya sacrificed many other interests for this to exchange for the US government's reluctance." "This is all within our ability. We will not forget the efforts made by Chinese people all over the world when Malaya was founded." Wu Ming shook his head gently and said: "The Chinese in Southeast Asia should have their due status according to their circumstances and reasonably, I just follow the trend and really didn't do anything."

"Yes, Chinese people all over the world have the same roots and roots, so they should guard and support each other." Situ Meitang nodded and said, "So, what are your attitudes towards the mainland and the New China? Can you tell us the two old men?"

Wu Ming pondered for a moment and said with a wry smile: "I am more of a wait-and-see attitude when founding New China. The two seniors will not think that I am hostile to New China because I tend to be with the United States, right?"

"After all, I have to think about the future of Malaya and the Chinese in Malaya. Relying on the United States is absolutely beneficial to the rise of Malaya. Different national conditions and different development paths. This actually does not affect the exchanges between countries. However, the current international trend is not like this. It is either black or white. In the CCP's newspapers, Malaya and I have already listed as lackeys and thugs of American imperialism, but I have said nothing!" Wu Ming said aggrieved.

"Malaya's development is obvious to all, and it is not a mistake to rely on the United States." Situ Meitang said: "Otherwise, when Malaya is independent, the United States will intervene. The Chinese may have to pay a greater price and may not be able to succeed. But China and Malaya's Chinese are descendants of Yan and Huang after all, so it is impossible to isolate each other."

"Old Situ, it is unrealistic to engage in official exchanges under the current international situation." Wu Ming patiently explained: "Malaya needs a stable environment to develop. It will take at least five years before industry can begin to take shape and society can be completely stable. If you turn left at this time, it will not be said whether the CCP can trust it. Just talking about the blockade and suppression of the United States, Britain and other countries is enough to cause Malaya to collapse. The domestic Malay forces are now temporarily suppressed. If there is external support, it is difficult to guarantee that they will not rekindle. Indonesia has always been hostile to Malaya. If the support of the United States and Britain, there will be no peace outside of Malaya. Then, let alone development. It is also unpredictable whether the Chinese can continue to take power!"

Chen Jiageng also smiled bitterly and nodded, "Old Situ, you are not in charge of the family and don't know that the firewood and rice are expensive. My original idea is similar to yours, but when I watched Malaya step by step, I realized that it was very difficult. There is internal and external troubles, no money or foundation. The situation cannot be taken lightly. The Chinese in Southeast Asia finally have a home, but it cannot be ruined by it.

"I thought it simple." Situ Meitang sighed: "I admire Mao ZD's character very much. I feel so sad when I see the Chinese isolated!"

"Isolation? Mr. Situ said so well." Wu Ming said with a smile: "We are not afraid of talking like the United States. We are not allowed to send money to our relatives in China, and we are not allowed to talk about our hometowns publicly. We even want to go back to settle down. As long as we have been approved by the Immigration Bureau, the government has not deliberately set up obstacles. Mr. Chen can make a certificate."

"That's right." Chen Jiageng nodded and said, "In some aspects, Malaya is more open than the United States that claims to be a free world. Congress is deliberating on the issue of Malaya's festivals. Most of them are traditional festivals of the Chinese nation, and Sinology will be designated as a compulsory subject for universities. The inheritance of excellent culture and fine traditions will be the next focus of Malaya, and civil and military achievements are essential."

"That's good." Situ Meitang nodded, "It's much better than some Chinese in the United States who only speak foreign languages ​​and learn from foreigners."

"And there is an idea of ​​communicating with the New China." Chen Jiageng continued: "If the official exchanges are not enough, do you have folk exchanges first? As for me, after this session, I will help Dehua lay a solid foundation in Malaya and will retreat. At that time, I will contact New China as a representative of the private group. With my old face, maybe both parties can save face."

"So Dehua has such far-reaching considerations." Situ Meitang nodded in appreciation and said to Wu Ming: "If I go to the mainland, can I tell the leaders of the Communist Party of China about this?"

"Don't say these." Wu Ming smiled and shook his head, and said solemnly: "The outbreak of the Korean War is likely to evolve into a Sino-US war. According to my personal judgment, there is a contradiction between MacArthur and Truman. The Truman government does not want to fight a world war, which is very dangerous in the era of nuclear weapons. However, limited war is still a strange concept for many people. It is beneficial to all parties to grasp the degree and stop when they are better. It is difficult to complete the great cause of North Korea's unification with the strength of the new China. The final competition of modern wars is still comprehensive strength, and logistics supply is the top priority."

Situ Meitang looked at Wu Ming in surprise and didn't say anything for a long time.

Chen Jiageng suddenly pulled his clothes gently with some understanding and said with a smile: "Dehua's judgment of the world situation has always been accurate. This is a good word, but you have to remember it."

Situ Meitang blinked and smiled knowingly, "Thank you, although I don't understand very much, I have already remembered it all."
Chapter completed!
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