[[[CP|W:250|H:190|A:L|U:http://file2.qidian.com/chapters/201012/29/1785692634292192148120913870708.jpg]]][bookid=1117322,bookname="Han Ding"]

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[Today's third update is here, please collect it, please recommend it~~~~]

Let’s talk about the first question first.

Many people may say that it is not easy to carve spiral lines in the barrel? If you can pull the lines in the barrel, it is better to concentrate on studying how to produce the Lumi gun's slug barrel! Relatively speaking, the technical difficulty may be smaller. In fact, Zhou Shiwen and Luo Dashan did think so. They agreed that with the current tools, it is impossible to rifle in the barrel.

"Your thoughts are wrong!"

"We are not rifling the barrel, but rolling up the rifled iron sheet!"

Zhang Zhun said confidently.

If the gun barrel was formed in the Ming Dynasty, his method would not work. In this era, there was indeed no suitable tool that could be extended into the barrel and create a rifle that meets the requirements. However, in the Ming Dynasty, the barrel was rolled up, just like rolling a piece of paper into a paper barrel. In this way, the carving of the rifle was relatively simple.

In fact, to be serious, threaded rifle guns are not complicated. In fact, as long as you use a very simple method, you can pull out the threaded rifle by hand in a simple woodworking workshop. The threaded rifle seems complicated, but it is just a conceptual problem. As long as you pierce the window paper, it is actually extremely simple to do. The first one is, the biggest problem, which is how to form a thread? This level has been blocked for hundreds of years and seems unfathomable, but it only takes a little trick to solve it.

First, take out a piece of rectangular white paper, then take out a ruler and a pen, and draw several parallel straight lines on the white paper - towards the diagonal diagonal direction, generally from the upper left to the lower right. After drawing the line, roll the paper into a paper tube - a flat roll instead of an oblique roll - so a magical thing happened: the straight lines that were originally parallel on the paper tube were spiral lines. This is the fastest and most effective way to form threads.

Next, wrap the paper with glue and stick it on the log rod prepared for cutting in advance, and then use a knife to carve the groove along the drawing mark. This log with threaded grooves is called a rifled guide. If the guide rail is pulled through two rings with a slightly larger diameter and log, then when the dove slides through the thread groove, the log will force the log, that is, the rifled guide rail, to rotate according to the threads on it.

Finally, the hard steel tool used to carve the threaded ribs - a knife head and slender steel column, which must be longer than the barrel, is fixed at the front end of the rifled guide rail, and the gun barrel is clamped with a fixture, so that the rifle can be carved through the barrel and pull the guide rail. Zhang Zhun asked Li Fenglai and others to forge the highest quality steel for this.

Generally speaking, due to the requirements of stability and accuracy, this action is used to pull, that is, the core of the rifled carving knife is passed through the barrel and installed on the guide rail, and then the knife head is pulled through the barrel, instead of pushing the tool to the bottom. So this is called rifling, and this tool is called pulling the bed. If the pulling bed has mechanical power, it is naturally better. But even if there is no mechanical power, there is no big problem. There is always animal power, so you can pull it with a cow. Of course, it is also possible to use a human.

The rifling carving tool is that simple. You only need to have woodworking skills - know how to carpentry carving - to make it. Therefore, theoretically, as long as you know this method, you can make a rifled rifle as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period - of course, at this time, due to the limitations of metal cutting tools, you can only use iron knives to pull the copper barrel out of the rifle.

“The principle is that simple.”

"Since you understand the principles and process problems, it should not be difficult to solve."

Zhang Zhun said confidently.

After listening to Zhang Zhun's detailed explanation, Zhou Shiwen, Luo Dashan and others finally believed that the principle was indeed feasible. As for the details, it depends on the craftsmen's thinking. Other craftsmen also felt enlightened.

"Everyone discusses it thoroughly."

Zhang Zhun waved his hand and said.

The principle is that simple. However, knowing the principle does not mean that one can make it. After all, this involves the technical level of the craftsmen. Fortunately, after a heated discussion, the craftsmen agreed that it is worth a try. Well, it is indeed a try. No one can guarantee that it can be successful. After all, it is also very skillful to roll the rifled steel sheet into a barrel.

"There is no problem with time, everyone has enough time."

"Whoever can be the first to make the barrel to use, I will reward him with a hundred taels of silver."

Zhang Zhun has come up with a high reward method.

As long as someone is moved, everything will be easy.

Sure enough, when I heard that there was a reward of 100 taels of silver, all the craftsmen's eyes lit up, including Zhou Shiwen and Luo Dashan. The new Qianhu masters are really rich and powerful! They are often 100 taels of silver! Many craftsmen are secretly swallowing their saliva. There is no way, people who are afraid of being poor suddenly see the mountains of gold and silver, how can they not be moved? One hundred taels of silver are enough for them to build brand new brick and tile houses and live a happy and healthy life.

"Sir, how to solve the bullet?"

Luo Dashan immediately raised the second question.

Zhang Zhun said confidently: "It is easier to solve the problem of gun bullets. Just use Minnie bullets. The production of Minnie bullets is much simpler than rifling."

The so-called Minnie bullet is actually a kind of expanded-bottom-expanded bullet. Its bullet diameter is also smaller than the barrel, and may even be smaller than the round bullet. This way it is very convenient to load and can be easily stuffed into the barrel to ensure that there is no clogging. The bottom of the Minnie bullet is not round or flat, but a conical or cup-shaped hole is left at the bottom of the bullet during casting. The edge of the hole is a relatively thin lead.

When black gunpowder is poured into the chamber, the cup-shaped hole in the bottom of the Minnie bullet will naturally cover the gunpowder. When the rifle fires, the bottom of the Minnie bullet suddenly expands under force, completely closing the gap between the bullet and the chamber. In this way, the kinetic energy generated by the gunpowder will not be wasted, and all concentrated on the bullet. In addition, the rifle provides a stable ballistic, and the bullet can naturally fly further.

In fact, after the Minnie bomb appeared, the effective range of the rifle exploded to 500 yards in one fell swoop, which was 5 to 10 times higher than the original smoothbore rifle. The powerful dense quadratic array in the past immediately became meaningless in front of the Minnie bomb - you don't have to wait for enemy artillery to kill them, and the infantry can slaughter you clean by firing with Minnie bombs for long-range shooting.

Zhang Zhun had ordered the collection of graphite before, which was exactly the need to make Minnie bombs. Of course, lead and graphite are two different things. However, graphite is also soft and can be used instead of lead when necessary. Within the control range of Fushansou, there is no idea how much lead production is, but there is a lot of graphite.

In fact, when Zhang Zhun first chose the Minni rifle for research and production, the big factor was that the Minnie bomb was very easy to make and the materials were easy to make. It had a lower technical requirement than rifling, and even machines did not need it.

Generally, round bullets for casting muskets are made of an iron mold, poured into melted lead into lead bullets. This mold is small enough to be carried in your pocket. Generally, it is directly distributed to the infantry with a mold and a few pounds or pounds of lead, so that the infantry can use the campfire to molten lead to cast bullets for the next day when they are camping for supper.

Of course, it is also possible to use a stamping machine to make large-scale punching and distribute it uniformly. However, because the lead is soft, it is easy to deform due to collision when placed. Generally, it is a habit to let soldiers cast temporarily before the war. The Minnie bullet just changes the casting shape of the iron mold. Therefore, there is no technical level. Just this simple action, combined with the production of rifling, can increase the effective range by 5 to 10 times.

In fact, it not only increases the range. While increasing its power, it also reduces the amount of gunpowder. The reason is very simple. When the musket leaves a large amount of gaps on the round bullet, a lot of gunpowder leaks out and is wasted, rather than being used to push the bullet. The expansion of the bottom of the Minnie bullet can completely seal the barrel and greatly increase the utilization rate of gunpowder. Therefore, gunpowder can be loaded less and has the same or even higher power. This is why the Palot cannon can reach or even exceed the range of 25 pounds of Napoleon's cannon with only 5 pounds of charge.

If the gunpowder is filled with less, the chamber pressure will naturally decrease, so that the barrel can be made thinner and longer, and the recoil will also be reduced, which is more conducive to aiming. This is very important for the Ming army muskets. Because the barrel of the Ming army muskets is rolled up and the strength is not as strong as the overall cast. The higher the chamber pressure, the greater the possibility of the chamber blowing. However, in order to strengthen the power of the muskets, the chamber pressure must be strengthened. Therefore, the chamber blowing often occurs. When Qi Jiguang fought against the Japanese pirates, there were less than 100 soldiers killed and injured in the hands of the Japanese pirates, and there were as many as 200 soldiers killed and injured in the own muskets. No wonder the Qi family army collectively resisted the use of these inferior muskets.

In addition, because Minnie bullets are pointed or long bullets, their mass can be larger than round bullets at the same caliber. This means that while maintaining the mass and power of the warhead, the caliber can be reduced, and the barrel can be shortened while maintaining the diameter. In addition to reducing weight to the barrel, this can also increase the penetration of the bullet. In fact, Minnie bullets and modern bullets are already somewhat similar in appearance.

However, the Minnie bomb does not need to be as heavy as the round bomb. Because of the advantages of sealing and rifling, it has a higher initial velocity, power and range. In other words, large caliber is no longer needed. It can maintain a larger range and stronger power while reducing the barrel caliber, bullet weight and gunpowder loading. The lighter rifle and bullet mean that the load of infantry is greatly reduced. This is very important for the era without cars.

The smaller round bullet diameter makes it not stuck with the bullet at all by the black powder residue, which also increases the average rate of fire of the musket. Using the Minni rifle, a musketman who is trained can basically shoot four times per minute. If the training is more stringent and the skills are more proficient, he can even shoot six times per minute. This is a very ideal result for the musket. With three-stage shooting, it can form a barrage of great lethality in front of the enemy cavalry. With the bayonet, both long-range and process can be handled.

Of course, this is just the ideal situation.

It takes a long time to create a high-level Minnie rifle.
Chapter completed!