Chapter 433: A Type of People

In the early days of Mahmud's rule, a Turkmen chief named Seljuk of the Oghuz Yehu Kingdom led his tribe to seek refuge in the north of the empire because of a conflict with Yehu. This group of Turkmens was then called

"Seljuks".

Mahmud appointed the Seljuk family the hereditary title of Bey. The Seljuk Turkmen owned a lush pasture in the northern part of the empire and became mercenaries guarding the northern border of the empire.

However, after Mahmoud's death, the royal family fought for power and internal strife, governors of various provinces rebelled, and the country's power declined.

The Seljuk Turkmen who had earlier moved to the north of the empire had multiplied and multiplied for two or three generations, and were already distributed in the major cities of Khorasan, with a prosperous population.

Seljuk Beytugluk was the grandson of Seljuk, a talented and strategist leader. He saw the divisions within Ghaznavids and raised a banner to resist the Sultan.

Twenty years ago, the Ghaznavid army and the Turkmen had a decisive battle in Dandankan. The Ghaznavid army was defeated. Tughluq led the Seljuq army to take advantage of the situation and enter West Asia and establish the Seljuk dynasty.

Ten years ago, when Christianity officially split into two sects, Catholicism and Orthodoxy, the Seljuk Turkmens led an army to occupy Baghdad, forcing the Caliph to grant him the title of "Sultan" and issue orders. The Caliphate was under his complete control, and the great Arab empire was destroyed.

.

The Ghaznavid dynasty continued to decline, and in 1058, Ibrahim of the Ghaznavid dynasty succeeded to the throne.

Although he was an excellent calligrapher and a qualified diplomat, all he could do was to slightly restore the Ghaznavid dynasty.

Today's Ghaznavid dynasty is almost reduced to a servant through diplomatic means of allying with the Seljuqs to attack the Indian princes.

In these troubled times, the status of scholars, especially the Arab Ghaznavid scholars, was somewhat bleak.

The wise master of the Palace of Wisdom, lying on the hospital bed, said to his students: "Go to the East, Kuro, Alp, go to the far east, go to the China that the Holy Prophet told us..."

So Quro and Alp wandered all the way east from Baghdad, which once inherited the essence of Persian culture and Arab culture.

The culture of the East once fascinated Kuro and Alp. Muhammad, the last messenger sent by Allah to the world, once said, "Philosophy is the camel lost by the herdsmen. You must find it, even if you go to China."

But as they traveled along the Silk Road, they found that their knowledge far exceeded those of the scholars in the countries they passed through. No matter in terms of politics, military, economy, culture... etc., they could not compete with the once glorious and prosperous Great Arabia.

Comparable to empire.

During the long-term turmoil after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, many Greek and Roman classical works spread to the Arab Empire through Byzantium.

The predecessors of Courot and Alp studied them carefully and translated many ancient works into Arabic.

Translation activities began in the Umayyad Dynasty, when Caliphs Khalid and Abdul Aziz ordered court scholars to translate some Greek and Coptic alchemy, astrology and medical books into Arabic.

After the rise of the Abbasid Dynasty, successive imperial caliphs attached great importance to the creation and improvement of religious law and culture, advocated and encouraged academic activities, implemented loose political and cultural policies, and absorbed and accommodated the cultural and academic achievements of people of different ethnic groups and religious beliefs within the empire.

, translation activities have entered its heyday.

Countless works have been translated, introduced and annotated by scholars. From Persian, ancient Syriac, Greek, and translated into Arabic.

The activities lasted from the 136th year of the Christian calendar to the 400th year of the Christian calendar, with more than two hundred years in between. The most heyday was in the Maimun era, which was the 198th year of the Christian calendar.

By three hundred years, it was almost just one hundred years.

Maimon founded the "Wisdom Palace", a national comprehensive academic institution in the capital Baghdad, consisting of the Translation Bureau, the Academy of Sciences and the Library, to uniformly organize and centrally lead the country's translation and academic research activities.

The Wisdom Palace spent a lot of money to hire nearly a hundred famous scholars and translators from different ethnic groups and different religious beliefs from various places to collectively engage in translation and research activities. It spent a lot of money to organize and collate more than 100 ancient books in various disciplines collected from various places.

, translation and narrative; and also revised, revised and re-translated the earlier translated works.

In the process of translation, because translation and research are closely integrated, the Arabs have made groundbreaking contributions to world civilization.

Relevant research can be traced back to the medieval period of several centuries BC; it spans the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe; the content covers language, literature, astrology, religion, philosophy, history, art, politics,

Law, mathematics, medicine, astronomy, natural science and other subjects.

Coupled with the physics, chemistry, architecture, literature, and geography developed by Arabia itself, the achievements of civilizations from all over the world at that time were finally brought together. This was the "Arab Centenary Translation Movement" that had a profound impact on world culture.

This sport began to decline suddenly due to the invasion of the Turks, and came to an abrupt end after the Ghaznavid crisis.

Qrow and Alp were very embarrassed. The young city governor in front of them looked very gentle, but he seemed to particularly enjoy admiring their awkward looks.

Quro said: "Dear Lord City Governor, as the will of Allah and the successor of the Holy Saints, seeking knowledge is our jihad, and learning is our life. The large siege engine did not bring anything to the war of the City Governor.

Adverse effects, it is obviously unfair for you to position us like this."

The principle of the great siege engine is not unfamiliar to Su You. Any carpenter who made scale beams in the Song Dynasty was far more experienced than the three people here. Su You's science and engineering system is very clear in diagrams. He drew a diagram of the lever principle and the formula

With almost no need for translation, Qrow and Alp knew that the city governor in front of them had as much physics knowledge as they did.

Su You was interested in some details that were not depicted in ancient paintings, such as throwing a thirty-kilogram stone cage or even a person's hundreds-jin corpse into the city to threaten the enemy. Even if the strength arm length was ten to one, that would still be too much.

It is necessary to bear thousands of kilograms or even tens of thousands of kilograms of weight at the fulcrum of the lever.

Then the question arises, what kind of wooden pole can withstand such a strong force at a fulcrum, and can still guarantee its service life after repeatedly withstanding its rapid changes and releases?

Just like the divine arm bow mentioned in "Mengxi Bi Tan" copied by China in later generations, its range did not reach the thousand steps mentioned in the book, but its effective killing range was hundreds of steps. Later historians at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom,

There is also no replica of a large trebuchet with such amazing actual combat effects.

The original material is not strong enough, so how did the ancients use their wisdom to do this?

Ancient scientists were more like Olympiad students, who had to use low-level knowledge reserves to solve high-level mathematical problems. The wisdom in them always amazed Su You.

After Su Xiaomei obtained Zu Chongzhi's "Zui Shu", she exchanged letters with Su You. It took the two of them three months to find the formula for Zu Chongzhi's son Zu Xun using Liu Wei's principle of combined square lids and the theorem of idempotent equal products.

The method of obtaining the volume of a sphere was deduced. The ingenious thinking and reasonable method made Su You not only convinced but also convinced.

To put it bluntly, Su You copied the ideas of Liu Wei and Zu Xun without direct teaching from his predecessors, and used the mathematical knowledge of the Han Dynasty people to prove the principle of the combined square lid and the volume formula of the sphere. Although it was just a translation, its other

The sense of accomplishment is no less than writing a poem that one is satisfied with, and far greater than defeating the 70,000 Xixia army.
Chapter completed!