Lesson

Of course, although David Ricardo's analytical thinking and methodology are quite good, they have huge flaws and contradictions.

However, this problem also exists in its successor "Das Kapital". For example, the theory of "irreconcilability" itself is contrary to the dialectical principle in its method "theory of contradiction" that contradictions can be reconciled and transformed.

The philosophical principle that the Chinese know best is binary opposition and transformation, so some content from later symmetrical economics must be added to it, together with "The Wealth of Nations", "Principles of Political Economy and Taxation", and "Das Kapital"

, combined with the essence of "On Contradiction" and the ethical concept of "benevolence" in traditional Confucian philosophy, it can be regarded as an economics that can guide the current development of the Song Dynasty.

After finally clarifying his thoughts, Su You coughed lightly like Su Yuanzhen did, and then gave a solid economics lesson to the monarchs and ministers in the palace.

In Su You's theory, economy is the general term for all human activities that create and accumulate wealth.

And this wealth can be divided into material wealth and spiritual wealth, public wealth and private wealth, valuable wealth and priceless wealth.

And the people who can participate in creating this wealth are economic units.

These units will then construct structures and systems, eventually forming a huge system.

In this system, every unit, structure and system plays an important role. Their purpose in forming such a system is actually only one, which is to create more social wealth more efficiently.

Economics is the science of deconstructing and analyzing this system and unit, and studying the operating rules within it.

From a macro perspective, it is to study a country's economic aggregate, total demand and total supply, total national income and composition, currency and finance, population and employment, factors and endowments, economic cycles and economic growth, economic expectations and economic policies,

The subject of macroscopic phenomena such as international trade and international economy.

From a micro perspective, it is to study individual family enterprises, producers and consumers, products and transactions, supply and demand, costs and profits, utility and prices, market boundaries and government intervention, games and countermeasures, competition and cooperation, equilibrium and allocation

and other subjects of microeconomic phenomena.

Its purpose is to grasp the laws of economic operation, proactively discover the correct direction of economic development, and prevent overall and local economic risks.

Ultimately, it comes down to Confucianism, which is part of "ruling the country, bringing order to the family, and bringing peace to the world", the so-called "managing the world and benefiting the people."

This kind of knowledge can be called "economics".

Nowadays, the Song Dynasty has obviously embarked on the road of industrialization development. Wang Anshi has keenly discovered this sign and described it vividly in his "Economic Theory".

The soil for learning in the Song Dynasty was rich. Chang Pingcang was actually the earliest "macro-control". Some smart people, such as Xue Xiang, had begun to advocate "state capitalism", such as Bi Zhongyou, who had begun to suggest "a unified country."

financial".

Long before Wang Anshi, countless officials of the Song Dynasty had already tried advanced economic ideas such as "paying small amounts of silver into the land" and "paying labor according to grade" in the areas they governed.

However, these people will more or less be labeled as "people who speak for themselves", which is not a good reputation.

Su You's "popular science" today directly opened a window for Gao Taotao and the ministers. The label of a powerful minister could not be attached to him.

This is the real essence of running a country and bringing peace to the people!

No wonder Su Mingrun is so good at making money, and no wonder he never values ​​his own wealth.

This is no longer a "skill", it has risen to the level of "Tao". With this set of theories as a guide, making money is just its smallest "part-time role".

This also explains why Su You can find local development paths wherever he goes, why he attaches so much importance to people's livelihood, why he attaches so much importance to industry, commerce, mining and metallurgy, and why he proposes Anshi's new law.

There were so many suggestions for improvement, and in the end, almost all the shortcomings were addressed one by one!

Because he has a set of superb knowledge as a guide!

Today's popular science class is actually just like the twelve equal temperament that raised the musical level of the Song Dynasty. It suddenly raised the concept of "economy" to an unprecedented height.

The hall was silent as everyone was silently digesting what Su You said.

Only Zhao Xu definitely didn't understand, but Situ shocked the ministers into silence, which made him feel very proud.

This mentality is the same as that of the folks in Yiqiumen.

Su You didn't know Zhao Xu's inexplicable thoughts, and felt very embarrassed, so he had to bow and said: "These are probably what I am thinking today, and they are also my original intention of setting up a school of economics in the Capital University, but this talent is really

It’s hard to find…”

Lu Gongzhu also sighed: "It's really hard to find... Mingrun, have you found any good seedlings?"

Su You was dumbfounded. You have disqualified the forty-four-year-old Lu Dian from serving as a lecturer on the grounds that he is a "newcomer". Now you want to ask the thirty-nine-year-old me if I have any good ideas in my pocket?

After thinking about the wording: "Among the courtiers, Cai Jing and Zeng Bu are considered to have potential in this area; Shao Bowen, Chao Buzhi, and Bi Zhongyou are also good at understanding; Zhang Kaichen only thought that he was outstanding in strategy before, but now looking at his spread in the South China Sea, he starts from the economy

, he can be considered a genius.”

"However, most of the courtiers entered official positions from the imperial examination and have little exposure to this knowledge. The few I just mentioned are already quite outstanding."

"On the contrary, people from noble clans and merchant families are more familiar with the 'skills' involved."

"For example, Shi Fu and Shi Dongxiu, I think it is not difficult for them to understand economics."

Gao Taotao asked: "Is there any more?"

Su You gritted his teeth and had no choice but to say: "There is also the emperor's uncle, King Yang, who has been working at Huangsong Bank and is quite proficient in finance."

After finishing speaking, he added another sentence: "However, the Huangsong Bank is also the lifeblood of the Song Dynasty's economy, just like water conservancy is to farming. I wonder if King Yang can step aside and go to Zhongmou to promote the post of head of the School of Economics."

The implication is that you cannot have both.

Gao Taotao was the most partial to the second child, but now he said: "Although King Yang is not as studious and quiet as King Jing, he must be able to tell the difference between being sharp and dull."

"Then let's do it like this. The School of Economics will be established in the Capital University. Mingrun will be responsible for setting up the subject. The household system and the money and grain system of the past dynasties, including Zhang Gong's "Financial Theory" and Jing Gong's "Economic Theory," are all sorted out."

"And you yourself, if you have leisure, you should also write."

Su You had no choice but to bow: "I accept the order."

This time the court service was a bit long. Wen Yanbo saw that Sima Guang looked a little unhappy and said, "Empress Dowager, why don't we leave first and let Jun Shi go back and rest."

Sima Guang said: "I can still hold on. In addition to young crops, there are also two matters such as military service and appointment of people."

The Empress Dowager said: "Taiwan's admonishment officials have been saying a lot recently that it is inappropriate to give orders."

Sima Guang said: "Since the imperial court has ordered the ministers to use their knowledge, they must put it to use. If they are not in charge, they can then be dismissed, and they can also sit and be promoted. I have informed your majesty before, is this still inappropriate?"

So we couldn't break up, and everyone started discussing again.

Han Wei said: "I think that what Sima Gong said is not right. I just believe the words of the person who recommended me, without reviewing it first, and punishing him for not doing his job. It is very unjust."

Sima Guang said: "To govern oneself, one only needs to take the good things from among the people and use them."

Lu Gong wrote: "To report to the Empress Dowager, in recent years, in addition to excessive use and failure, it is also due to the restriction of qualifications. Although officials are appointed to ministers, I believe that in governing, it is also necessary to review talents."

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Sima Guang agreed: "Qualifications are also indispensable."

However, Han Wei expressed dissent: "Qualifications can only be applied to Xuqian. If you promote talents, how can you limit your qualifications? For example, if Su Shi moved several times a year, who would think that he was inappropriate? If we talk about qualifications, how long will it take to stay?" "

Speaking of Su Shi, Su You had to say something: "I think that what the three governors said is reasonable, so why not use both?"

"Since Yuanfeng was reorganized, every position in the imperial court has been regulated. Since the officials recommend them, they should make it clear what position the recommended person is suitable for, and then set up a special examination system like the examination for others."

"For example, if you lift the Dali Temple, you will be tested on punishments and punishments; if you lift the household department and know the state, you will test the land administration; if you lift the Privy Council, you will test the military and political affairs."

"If there is no recommendation but there is qualification, you can be admitted to the examination by self-recommendation."

"Those who pass the examination will be judged by various division chiefs and above, who will listen to their reports on their duties and listen to their questions and answers. The best ones will be hired."

Gao Taotao said: "Situ, if the great sage is noble and you don't want to try it, what can you do?"
Chapter completed!