Chapter 964: Blowing Glass
A few days later, after repeated designs, Chen Xu finally drew a set of drawings for glass distillation equipment used in the laboratory, and went to the glass factory to prepare for Tang Ting to make it out of ordinary glass.
Because Chen Xu asked the glass not to be too thick, more than ten days have passed, and some of the experimental equipment I drew last time were not smooth. It is no problem to use ordinary pouring methods to make bottles and jars, but making too thin vessels is very easy to break and deform. The most important thing is that the mold is particularly difficult to make. Sometimes one of the ten can't be successfully poured. Tang Ting's eyes were already anxious and red.
Chen Xu came to the glass factory and looked at Tang Ting, who had a dark skin, unshaven beard and red eyes like a hungry wolf, and he was trembling with fear and let the guard stop him, "Is this guy crazy? Let him stay away from me!"
"Knock~" Several guards pulled out their big swords and pressed Tang Ting to the ground, which immediately scared all the helpers and apprentices in the glass factory to kneel all over the floor.
The identity of Qinghe Hou is now very different. He is now the left prime minister of the Great Qin Dynasty, who is in charge of the review and review memorials of the Secretariat. He is truly the largest boss of the Great Qin except the emperor. He is more than ten thousand people. Although he still looks plain and gentle, a glare can make his wife pregnant by getting pregnant with her own suppressed halo. Ordinary people can no longer approach it casually.
"Mr. Marquis!" Feeling the sharp swords on his neck, Tang Ting woke up from his anxiety and trembled on the ground.
"I haven't seen you for a few days, why do you look like this?" Chen Xu asked two feet apart.
"Marty, the court just failed to produce the experimental equipment that the Martyr asked for last time. In recent days, he was a little anxious and ran into the Martyr in absent mind..."
"So that's it!" Chen Xu waved his hand and asked the guards to put away the sword and helped Tang Ting up and said embarrassedly: "If you can't do it, you can't do it. You are so anxious. Have you not been home for several days?"
"Yes, because I am afraid of delaying the Marquis' big event, the Ritual Court has been developing it in the factory for the past seven or eight, but it has never been successful..." Tang Ting carefully explained while rubbing the sweat rolling on his forehead.
"Let's see the results of your production first!" Chen Xu took the lead in walking towards the glass workshop dedicated to Tang Ting.
The scale of the glass factory has expanded several times because now there are a large amount of crystals found in the East China Sea, and some high-quality quartz sand and silicate materials that are constantly being discovered. There are many types of glass products made by the glass factory. Simple things such as dishes, cups, bottles, jars, and flat glass are no longer needed to worry about. Nowadays, there are craftsmen and apprentices who are specifically responsible for the production. Therefore, the glass factory is divided into several workshops, one specializing in the production of daily necessities and the other specializing in the production of daily necessities and the other specializing in the production of the glass factory.
Flat glass and Mingwatts are made, and a glass mirror is specially made. Among them, the most strictly managed is the telescope production workshop. The fully enclosed factory building is flattened with cement on the ground. The best crystal glass, the most skilled apprentices and helpers, various foot-type polishing and polishing equipment, and everyone must wear work clothes. Therefore, when you walk into this workshop, you will see almost no difference from the small glass factory in later generations. You are busy with staff wearing uniforms.
Now the production process of monocular telescopes is very mature, and a group of qualified craftsmen have been trained. However, due to the production process, it took more than a month to make a good pair of telescopes. Therefore, the output of telescopes is not high. After Qin Shihuang got a telescope presented by Chen Xu in Mount Tai, Chen Xu was ambushed and injured when he came back from this tour. Therefore, it was delayed until March that the Shaofu ordered the Shaofu to allocate funds to the glass factory to start mass-producing telescopes. However, the monthly output is only seven or eight. These telescopes were given priority to the military camps of Meng Tian and Wang Ben and distributed to the main generals. This kind of thing that can be called a battlefield observation artifact was greatly shocked and praised by the generals in the army. Meng Tian even brought two kilograms of gold to Chen Xu and asked him to make a super telescope that could see fifty to one hundred miles. Chen Xu took the gold and chose to forget it.
Damn if I could develop a telescope that can see a hundred miles away, I'm afraid you can't afford it. Two kilograms of gold are not enough for labor, let alone use a few large pieces of pure crystals, and there is no place to buy it even if you have money.
Seeing Qinghehou walking in with the company of the supervisor Tang Ting, all the craftsmen and apprentices in the telescope workshop stopped their work and greeted them with excitement.
Chen Xu also waved his hand and greeted him with a smile, checked the finished and semi-finished products of the made lenses and telescopes placed on the workbenches, and then encouraged the craftsmen and apprentices with satisfaction.
All military and civilian items in Daqin were of specifications. Of course, this refers to the items recorded in the craftsman's laws issued by the court, including bows, crossbows, knives, swords, spears, shields, armor, arrows, arrows, arrows, etc., and even new equipment such as stirrups, saddles, sabers and other stirrups invented by Chen Xu. The Ministry of Works also formulated detailed specifications, including strength and size. Although there is no unified standard for telescopes, the glass factory has also formulated its own standards. According to Chen Xu's requirements, detailed regulations are made according to the multiplier of the telescope. Five-fold, tenfold, and twenty-fold mirrors have strict systems. In addition, the assembly line operation of later generations is adopted. Every step and every link is very strict. Any unqualified production will be discarded, and every craftsman is responsible for his own links.
Under this strict craftsmanship and factory system, everything in the factory looks orderly.
"Mr. Marquis, this is the test vessel that was fired today!" When he came to the front of the workbench for Tang Ting, Tang Ting pointed to several transparent crystal vessels of different sizes and thicknesses placed on it and said.
Chen Xu picked up a few and looked around and found that these utensils were indeed very thick. Except for the beaker that was a wide-mouthed cup, the flasks were all structured with a big belly and a thin neck. Therefore, only a few beakers looked OK, and a few flasks were completely wine jars, and the same was true for glass conduits, just a few thick glass tubes.
"Mr. Marquis, the glass instruments you want are strictly required. If they are too thin, the mold will be difficult to make and easily broken. If they are too thick, they are afraid that the Marquis will be dissatisfied..." Tang Ting looked at Chen Xu nervously.
"Well, don't be nervous. These things seem to be suitable for use. Just like that, I'll come to you today and need to help you with firing a few more complex sets of distillation equipment..."
Chen Xu took a few drawings from the guards and spread them on the workbench.
When Tang Ting saw the complex structure neatly drawn on the drawing, he almost cried, "Mr. Marquis, you are too complicated. Ting is afraid that he can't make these round belly and thin neck bottles cannot make molds..."
"It's okay, it's okay to make an ordinary bottle, but the interface must have the same specifications!" Chen Xu waved his hand.
Glass products are different from pottery and porcelain, and can easily make almost any new package you want, because pottery and porcelain are made at room temperature and then fired in a kiln at high temperatures. Glass, like steel, can only adjust the shape at extremely high temperatures. Therefore, the more complex the style, the more difficult it is for glass and metal products.
"Huh, that's fine!" Tang Ting breathed a sigh of relief.
"In fact, spherical glassware is not difficult to make. It only requires special methods. You cannot use the current pouring method, but you need to blow it with your mouth..."
"Blow with your mouth?!"
Not only did Tangting almost lose his chin, but the eyes of a group of guards and the apprentice workers next to him were all protruding from half.
"Whether there is a thin iron pipe, just half an inch in diameter. Go and find one to teach you how to blow glass, but it is difficult to master the technology and you need to try it repeatedly. However, after learning it, you can blow out glass products of various shapes!" Chen Xu said with a smile.
"Go to the blacksmith shop and find a thin iron pipe!" Although Tang Ting didn't believe Chen Xu's statement, he still quickly ordered an apprentice to go to the blacksmith shop and find an iron pipe.
After the apprentice left, Chen Xu asked Tang Ting to find some waste glass to heat it in the fire, and specially told him to heat it until it was semi-melt.
More than ten minutes later, the helper returned, not only brought back a few iron pipes of different lengths and thicknesses, but also followed by a group of craftsmen, and Magang Gongshusheng was all included.
"Hehe, I heard that the Marquis wanted to teach Master Tang to blow glass, so let's come and see it!" Ma Gan and Gongshusheng and other craftsmen greeted him with a smile, but the laughter had some other flavor.
Chen Xu curled his lips and said, "You are gloating, I will open your eyes later!"
In the red fire, the broken glass in the crucible began to soften and melt slowly.
"Mr. Marquis, the glass has melted softly. It will melt into juice after burning for a while..." Tang Ting, who had been paying attention to the stove, reminded.
Chen Xu chose a slender one from several iron pipes and handed it to Tang Ting, "You use this iron pipe to stir a ball of glass out of it, and then try blowing the iron pipe with your mouth!"
Tang Ting took the iron tube in confusion, stirred a ball of red glass the size of his fist in the crucible, and then held his breath and blew hard to the mouth of the iron tube.
"Look, the glass is bulging~"
Tang Ting's cheeks were bulging, and Lao Gao's face turned red. As he breathed desperately, the onlookers clearly saw a ball of glass on the head of the iron pipe beginning to bulge slowly.
"Haha, it's really blowing, hurry up~" The group of people began to get excited to cheer Tang Ting up, and Tang Ting saw that it was effective, so he took a few deep breaths and blew harder, and his neck instantly turned red and thick.
"Quick, put it on the edge of the platform and blow it while turning!" When Chen Xu saw that it was effective, he became excited.
Tang Tingyan followed the plan and leaned the iron pipe against the edge of the workbench, blowing and turning. The semi-melt glass began to become rounder as it bulged bigger and bigger.
"Get pliers and scissors!" Seeing that the temperature of the glass began to drop, Chen Xu ordered the helper to bring a pair of iron pliers and scissors. First, use the iron pliers to pull out a piece of it in the middle of the bulging glass, then bend it into the shape of a handle, and at the same time, let Tang Ting stop blowing. After the entire glass ball slowly began to solidify, a helper put on thick gloves to support the glass ball, and finally cut the glass ball off the mouth of the iron pipe with scissors. While it was hot, he quickly trimmed the bottle mouth with scissors.
A hollow spherical glass with round bottom with handles.
Looking at the glass, Chen Xu couldn't help but twitch his face a few times.
It's so ugly, with a round bottom, a round belly, a round mouth, and a crooked handle.
But it was this ugly cup that left the audience around stunned.
"Hao...Hao, is this what I just blown...?" Tang Ting rubbed his eyes and was still a little disbelief.
"Nature!" Chen Xu put on thick gloves and nodded with the first glass that was blown out in the history of human civilization.
"Ao~~" Tang Ting let out a surprise howl and rushed up, staring at the glass in Chen Xu's hand with red eyes: "Mr. Marquis, it turns out that glass can really be blown out. With this method, will you be able to make any shape of glass in the future!"
"Blowing glass is a laborious job and a technical job. It is indeed able to make glass products of any shape, but the size and specifications are not easy to control. It is best to use them with a mold, and it can be repeatedly burned and blown, so that it can be made very complex structures. The temperature of the glass, the strength of the blowing, the trimming and stretching adjustment of the shape, etc. all require slowly summarizing and accumulating experience. This Hou can only tell you that this method can quickly make glass objects of different shapes. As for what you can do, it depends on your own exploration..."
"Don't worry, the glass is burned into a semi-melting state, as soft as dough, and you can do whatever you want. With this method of blowing glass, we will be able to make more exquisite utensils soon!" Tang Ting was so excited that he was almost unable to stand firm.
The method Chen Xu brought today can be said to have opened a new window for glass making for him, without making molds, and the blown utensils look smooth, lubricating, transparent and clear after cooling, which is completely different from the poured frosted glass with hazy effect.
Next, several craftsmen from glass factories tried several times and quickly found some experience during the blowing process. They could blow and rotate while blowing, and could also use iron rods, scissors and pliers to knock and pull and trim. In half an hour, several bottles and jars of completely different shapes were made.
Chapter completed!