The next day, Chen Xu gave the saponified pot drawings, the mold drawings of soap, the drawings of several soap boxes, the product labels and the specifications of the wrapping paper. He also arranged for the people to send them to the experimental factory and the printing factory respectively, and also arranged for people to go to the Huayugong design heating furnace and the soap production workshop. In short, the soap factory must be opened soon, because with soap, Qin Shihuang and his wives will reduce their demand for perfume.

After several days of preparation, Chen Xu wrote a letter to the emperor to establish Jingyang Daily Chemical Factory and Jingshan Daily Chemical Factory. Although he felt like listening to the various professional chemical terms Chen Xu said, the First Emperor agreed without hesitation after learning about the soap samples sent to the harem by Chen Xu, and ordered the three provinces and six ministries and local governments to cooperate with them with all their strength.

Both daily chemical factories are under the management of the Academy of Sciences, and the Academy of Sciences is the Royal Academy of Sciences directly under the Shaofu. Therefore, these two factories are actually the emperor's private industries. However, from preparation to operation management to revenue and expenditure, Chen Xu was actually in charge. At the beginning, the Academy of Sciences needed a lot of money to subsidize the Shaofu every year for research. However, in recent years, there are more and more affiliated enterprises of the Academy of Sciences and make money faster and faster. The taxes contributed to the Shaofu every year, gradually becoming a huge source of income for Shaofu.

The most profitable factories of the Academy of Sciences are glass factories, bearing factories, lathe factories and machinery factories, especially machinery factories. The order processing of lathes has been scheduled for a year. After the successful lathe research, under the vigorous publicity and promotion of the Ministry of Industry and newspapers, merchants in Daqin flocked to it. The demand for steel bolts across the country is extremely huge, especially the axles and frames of carriages. As cement roads in various places continue to expand and four-wheeled carriages have been continuously improved, six or even eight wheels have appeared, and trailers have even appeared, resulting in a huge increase in demand for steel axles and bearings. The traditional wooden axle frame can no longer meet the needs of freight and transportation.

The knife heads of lathe factories are currently very scarce and important products, so they are very expensive.

Because all lathes have to be constantly polished and replaced with cutting blades, collecting meteorite alone can no longer meet the needs of the steel mill. Research and development of new steel has become the biggest task and goal of the steel mill. After more than a year of persistent efforts by Gongshusheng team, a good alloy steel was finally smelted last summer. Although the cutter head is not as hard as the meteorite head, it has reached the commercial stage. In addition, the lathe factory has also invented a hot cutting process, which also allows the Academy of Sciences to promote lathes on a large scale nationwide.

Therefore, until now, major cities such as Luoyang, Handan, Wancheng, Daliang, Linzi, Jiangling, and Yuyang have established hardware processing factories, using lathes to process axles and bolts of different specifications. The large-scale popularization of these metal accessories has led to great development in manufacturing and logistics transportation.

The bearing factory has developed very rapidly in the past two years. Since the successful development of gears, craftsmen have successively developed steel bead hot rolling technology and new polishing machines, cutting steel bars with sufficient temperature into steel sections of the same size and then hot-rolling them through thread grooves to become steel balls of the same size, then hot-rolling them and then cooled and selected, and then polished. In this way, the hot-rolled steel balls are countless times better than the quality of the original steel screen, and are incomparable in terms of size, specifications, accuracy and tolerance strength.

Therefore, the current Academy of Sciences system has completely entered a stage of benign and rapid development, especially the two major advances in gears and lathes have greatly accelerated the popularization and promotion of various machinery.

Especially the maturity of the gear process has led almost all machinery to enter the gear era. Not only did the textile machine that was successfully developed in three years, but also the original gear ancestor, the water wheel mill, have been replaced into real gear transmissions, rather than the previous stick structure that ties into each other.

Before steam power was invented, the continued development of machinery had reached a bottleneck stage, because more complex and sophisticated machines could no longer meet the operation with animal and human power.

Steam Power, at the request of Hu Kuan and others, Chen Xu gave several classes at the Academy of Sciences and the School of Engineering, arranged two different groups to conduct the experiment, but he did not see any effect at the moment. The reason is very simple, that is, the precision of the casting industry is too poor, and now even the simplest hydraulic press cannot be manufactured. Therefore, facing the sealed piston structure composed entirely of steel and reciprocating, everyone can only continue to devote their energy to more basic manufacturing and measuring instruments.

The biggest resistance at the moment is that the precision of the manufacturing industry is far from enough.

Also, the theory is too profound and complex.

The complexity of the steam engine is enough to drive everyone crazy. Even Hu Kuan, who was most interested at the time, studied it for a month after listening to Chen Xu's lecture, and finally went to be the boss of his library development company.

It’s not that he doesn’t want to continue researching, but that he feels that this thing is no longer something that humans can study and produce, so complicated that it is not enough for brains.

The principle of the steam engine is indeed very simple. It seems that it can be summarized in one sentence. It is to use energy conversion to heat water into steam to push the piston movement, and drive the gears or connecting rods to transfer energy to convert it into the kinetic energy of the driving machine. However, in fact, Chen Xu can use a kettle to demonstrate the power of steam to push the lid of the pot to continuously open and close, or put a small fan blade at the spout and be pushed and rotated by the steam. However, this simple principle must be evolved into a controllable process through a complex machine. There are too many things involved, which is far less simple than what you can say.

How to control the water vapor pressure, how to intake and exhaust, how to cool down and cycle, how to recover, how the piston reciprocates, and how to drive the mechanical connecting rods smoothly, these things need to be studied repeatedly, not to mention that they are all combined to form a complex whole, and any link cannot be operated if they are not well coordinated. What's more, the precision of the casting processing technology is still hovering at the millimeter level, and the cylinder piston cannot leak air.

In order to develop the steam engine, Chen Xu offered a reward of one million yuan in the Academy of Sciences as R&D power, and the R&D funds were not limited to use, requiring all affiliated units of the Academy of Sciences to cooperate fully.

But even so, in Chen Xu's view, there was no sign of the prototype of the steam engine for three to five years, so Chen Xu had to temporarily focus on the chemical industry.

The Jingyang Daily Chemical Factory is located in Huayu Palace, right next to the Jing River, which facilitates the discharge of industrial wastewater. It is discharged directly into the Wei River downstream of Xianyang, and will not affect Xianyang's daily water intake. As for the issue of polluting the water source of the Yellow River, Chen Xu never considered it at all. Although it is a chemical factory, it produces less than 100,000 pieces of soap a year, and the total saponiform output is less than ten tons. This output is not as large as a rural enterprise in later generations. The total wastewater is probably only a few tons. Moreover, the main components in the wastewater are trace amounts of alkaline water and glycerin. It is estimated that even the parasites at the sewage discharge outlet cannot be killed. Maybe it will fatten a group of fish and shrimps, because glycerin not only tastes sweet, but also is a high-calorie nutrient. After the human body absorbs it, it will enhance muscle vitality and will not increase blood sugar content. It is a very good weight loss exercise food.

With a soap factory, some supporting raw materials purchase and production must also be carried out at the same time, that is, the production and processing of oils. In the long run, the long-term plan is to purchase large quantities of black seeds to extract white wax. There are many in the southeast of the black seeds. Chen Xu saw them in Qinghe Town, Xiaohe Village, but almost no one paid attention to them. The most common thing is to use black seeds as chopping boards. But now it is the beginning of spring, and black seeds must be gone, so they can only purchase a large amount of animal oil for processing, and the estimated output is lower.

In addition to oil and fat, the large-scale industrial production of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide must also keep up. We must also start looking for the acquisition of alkaline ore and lime. We need to prepare a professional alkaline production factory. This thing is a bit polluted and can only go to those saline-alkali production areas in remote wilderness for processing. However, the advertisement has been published now, and there will be feedback soon.

The Jingzhou area in later generations was a huge chemical base, and Shashi Daily Chemical was the most famous chemical factory. Now that a phosphate ore was found near Jingzhou, Chen Xu naturally had to set up a nearby factory to extract the phosphate ore and prepare red phosphorus.
Chapter completed!