"Oh? Let's talk about it in detail." Pei Songren and Mi Chong exchanged their winks.

"Then let's start with the background of state-owned enterprise reform. Since 1989, a series of factors such as loan allocation and price subsidies have directly led to a rapid increase in the costs of state-owned enterprises. Coupled with the increase in wage costs, if the system has not undergone substantial and fundamental changes, state-owned enterprises that are adapting to the market economy system will be slower, which is even more difficult to support in this situation."

Sha Zhengyang brought a thick file bag and casually pulled out a stack of information from the file bag, and handed it to the two of them several curve charts.

"You can take a look. A set of data I obtained shows that the national state-owned enterprises have continued to drop from 37.2% loss in 1976 to 10% and 13% between 1984 and 88. It should be said that the results are very significant, but this is due to the climax brought about by the relaxation of material demand in the early stages of reform and opening up after 1976."

Sha Zhengyang talked happily.

"But since 1988, the losses of state-owned enterprises have begun to rise sharply again, rising to about 30% in 1990, down slightly in the first two years, and about 23% in 1992, but this year it is expected to rise to about 27%, and there is a trend of continuous upward trend. Such a huge loss has made it difficult for all from the central government to local governments to bear it."

Pei Songren and Mi Chong were both shocked. They did not expect that Sha Zhengyang's introduction started from the loss of state-owned enterprises across the country. The idea and perspective of this idea and approach are extremely representative and targeted.

"If the increase in losses in state-owned enterprises alone is not enough to illustrate the problem, then there are two other factors that make us from the central government to the local government have to face this reality." Sha Zhengyang said firmly and relaxedly, "The first is the rise of township and private enterprises."

"Towntown enterprises have inherent flexibility, and their low burden costs are enough to make state-owned enterprises far beyond their reach in terms of costs. However, if they do not solve the property rights issue, they will increasingly be affected by the rigid model of state-owned enterprises and become pseudo-state-owned enterprises. To solve the ownership problem, that is, to achieve privatization in the form of shareholding, this means to talk about the private economy."

Sha Zhengyang finally talked about the key issues.

"The rapid development of the private economy has increasingly shown its advantages in this competitive field. The industrial output value of the private economy increased from 81 million yuan in 1980 to 200.6 billion yuan last year, with an annual growth rate of 91.8%. This is achieved under the premise that the private economy cannot compete with state-owned enterprises in the raw material market and financing. In this regard, they do not expect to receive the same treatment as state-owned enterprises, but even if it is a little relaxed, they are expected to have a stronger growth momentum, but how can state-owned enterprises compete with them?"

"In July this year, a central leader talked about the head of the China Rural Extraverted Economy Research Association that state-owned enterprises may not necessarily achieve the best way to operate public ownership. The property rights are unclear, there is no competition mechanism and incentive mechanism, and the lack of self-discipline and self-supervision, which ultimately leads to a lack of vitality and long-term plans, resulting in poor efficiency and rigid model... "

Sha Zhengyang did not mention which central leader he was, but he believed that these two department-level cadres who knew very well about policies and the trend of senior officials were very clear.

"In addition to the huge impact of township enterprises and private economy on state-owned enterprises, there is another factor that cannot be underestimated, and it will become a more severe reality, that is, the threat and impact of our state-owned enterprises."

It is obvious that Pei Songren and Mi Chong's understanding of this point is thinner, but Sha Zhengyang's words surprised them even more.

"China is negotiating the issue of resumption of the negotiations, and the resistance mainly comes from the United States. Americans demand that the state be cancelled export subsidies for state-owned enterprises be a market-oriented economy. State-owned enterprises should compete fairly like other enterprises to participate in the market economy. The government and banks should draw a clear line with enterprises and cannot become the backing of enterprises. This is actually a disguised subsidy,..."

"As for China's current situation, it is impossible not to join. Even if it pays a great price, it is necessary to join. Economic globalization makes it impossible for any country to close its country. What should we do in the face of the surging internal and external competition? So these two factors force state-owned enterprises to reform, and the sooner the better."

"Zhengyang, it seems that you have put a lot of effort into this. You said it very well. Can you copy these materials for us?" Pei Songren asked with a smile.

He had already let go of his heart, and he didn't have to worry too much about the task. Even if the State Council's investigation team came, this guy could still deal with Yu Ru.

"No problem, this is what I am going to hand over to you, including various data, as well as some of the central leaders' proposals and opinions on reform and opening up, especially the reform of state-owned enterprises in recent years, as well as specific data on the total assets, net assets, near-profits, changes in debt ratios and industrial output value of our Wanzhou state-owned enterprises in the past five years." Sha Zhengyang said generously.

"Well, then let's talk about why Wanzhou needs to promote the reform of state-owned enterprises more urgently than the situation faced by other cities?" Mi Chong asked.

"Well, I won't say much about the data. This set of data includes, including the various data changes in state-owned enterprises in our city, especially the major state-owned backbone enterprises, since 1984, which are reflected in reports, curve charts and bar charts, which are obvious at a glance." Sha Zhengyang seemed more relaxed. "In a word, the situation of state-owned enterprises in Wanzhou is even worse. Compared with Handu, Fugang and other places, it has been more affected, which has directly dragged down the finances of Wanzhou. In a sense, after Wanzhou's urban development in recent years, the slowdown in the per capita disposable income of urban residents has all come from this."

"If we don't solve the problem of these state-owned enterprises with poor performance and losses for years, the pussy will become bigger and bigger. Take the electric fan factory as an example. In 1990, the electric fan factory lost 1.68 million yuan and its net assets were still 9.7 million yuan, but in 1991, the loss of 1.98 million yuan, and in 1992, the loss suddenly increased to 2.5 million yuan. The city not only guaranteed loans for it, but also wrote off part of its debts through some other means. It can be said that if this continues, it is really hard to continue."

"What's more important is that the product development of electric fan factories is incompetent, there is no iteration of new products, and the old products are seriously unsold. In this case, if new buyers are not introduced, I will judge that by the end of next year, the company will have to be insolvent and declare bankruptcy. By then, the livelihood issues of these hundreds of employees will have to be placed before the government,..."

The endless introduction and detailed information data made Pei Songren and Mi Chong fall into the pattern of watching while asking while listening for the whole morning.

Sha Zhengyang also transformed into an economist and gave a comprehensive introduction to the situation of several companies in Wanzhou.

Until twelve o'clock noon, the three seemed to have forgotten the meal time. When the staff came to invite them, the three woke up from this interactive question-and-answer discussion.

"Secretary General Pei and Director Mi, I feel that this conversation with you two is better than reading for ten years." Sha Zhengyang's words are not all flattering. The other party has different perspectives and is more thorough in thinking about the problems. He raised some detailed questions that he had never wanted to fight before, which also made Sha Zhengyang very enlightening.

"Okay, Zhengyang, don't be humble in front of us. Lao Mi and I have a lot of feelings." Pei Songren waved his hand, "Continue in the afternoon, and focus on the restructuring of the electric fan factory. Well, especially how you consider the comprehensive balance calculation of compensation and employee shareholding. This is very innovative."

"In fact, there is no new idea. One is compensation for the disappearance of identity, that is, the hidden welfare of state-owned enterprise employees will disappear. Many people cannot notice this area, such as water, electricity and gas subsidies, such as children who study in children's schools, and medical treatment in factories and hospitals. Now they have to be completely handed over. Then everything must be based on social market rules. Employees will definitely suffer losses in this area. And when they are really divested, their feelings will be deeper, so they must explain it to them clearly and let them understand."

Sha Zhengyang is very frank.

"The other part is the compensation for social security. When the current national social security system is still in a construction process, they will definitely prepare for their retirement protection in the future. This involves government enterprises and individuals. After leaving the enterprise, the government and individuals need to fill it, especially the enterprise needs to bear it themselves. Therefore, certain compensation, whether it is cash or shares, is understandable and acceptable. I have also spent some time to convince the investors."

Pei Songren and Mi Chong exchanged their eyes, and Pei Songren said calmly: "It is said that the boss of Huafeng Electrical Appliances is your classmate, and you also brought this company in?"

"Well, I'm my high school classmate, but after he graduated from high school, he went to Hong Kong. He had an uncle in Hong Kong, so he was considered a capitalist. Huafeng Electric Appliances' initial capital should be part of his uncle's family. I also have the connection, because Huafeng Electric Appliances now has the largest share in the water dispenser market in the country, but this market is still very unsaturated and is still in a stage of land grabbing. Angel in Guangdong poses great threat to it. In addition, similar companies have appeared in the East China market, so he wants to quickly expand production capacity in a short period of time and achieve market advantage."

After a pause, Sha Zhengyang seemed to be raising words, "Secretary General Pei, Director Mi, I think it doesn't matter who attracted me or not. The key is whether the procedures are legal and compliant, and whether there is any interest transfer and involvement in it. This can be completely solved through the audit and discipline inspection and supervision departments. In addition, the entire restructuring process, specific assets, liabilities and even compensation conditions can be made public. Everyone is welcome to pick and find problems, which is not difficult to solve."

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