Zeng Ying was a military attache and had been serving in the Sichuan Army. Although he went to Nanjing to attend cram school, he had not paid attention to the new official system of the Ming Dynasty. So when he heard what Ruan Dacheng said, he didn't know whether it was right or not, so he had to use his eyes.

Asked his old superior Ma Shiying for help.

Ma Shiying said: "You don't know something, Marquis Yan. Nowadays, the imperial court implements the integration of officials and civil servants. The career of a civil servant usually starts from a ninth-grade state or county official. The ways to become an official include recommendation and imperial examination. The imperial examination is the main way.

For those who take the imperial examination, there is the preliminary examination in the state capital and the re-examination in the ministry. If you pass both examinations, you will get an official license. If the re-examination is in the ministry, you will be assigned to the imperial yamen to be a small official as big as a sesame. If the re-examination is in the hospital (province), then you will get an official license.

They serve as local officials, a few work in provincial or provincial government offices, and most of them are sent to county or prefectural government offices, starting from the lowest level. They are evaluated once a year, promoted and demoted once every three years, and there are prefectures and prefectures behind them.

The inspection censor of Zhili Prefecture is always looking for trouble. According to His Majesty's idea, in the future, the parents of a county (subordinate state) will be promoted by the county's petty officials through various assessments. Above the county (subordinate prefecture), unless

If you have a special purpose, otherwise you will have to take up another position.

Local administration is based on counties (prefectures), with prefectures (Zhili prefectures) supervising counties (prefectures), and provincial superintendents (Zhili prefectures). In this way, there are layers of supervision, level-level assessments, and promotion and promotion.

The amount of dismissal is set to facilitate upward and downward mobility, so that capable officials can be promoted and incompetent officials can be demoted and eliminated. At the same time, the censor system is used to supervise integrity and investigate corruption, and the Jin Yiwei Nan Yamen is used to search for unworthy officials.

In other words, the official system of our Ming Dynasty is that it is easy to obtain an official position, difficult to be promoted, and even difficult to retain an official position."

Ruan Dacheng compensated: "It would be easier if you could become a Jinshi of Taixue. After three years of study, you could directly enter the Hanlin Academy and serve as an academic officer.

In addition, those who were born in Jing Xuetang can also serve as the corresponding magic officers. There are many magic officers in the yamen of the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Punishment, the Metropolitan Procuratorate, Dali Temple, the Ministry of Household Affairs, etc. However, academic officers and magic officers are very

It is difficult for him to do anything, unless there is a special decree from the emperor."

After nearly ten years of reform and adjustment, the Ming Dynasty's official system and imperial examination system have been changed beyond recognition by Emperor Zhu. The imperial examination system can even be said to exist in name only! Because the Taixue exam is extremely difficult, and after being admitted to the Taixue exam, you have to

Only after studying in Taixue for three or four years can you be awarded an official position. However, the chance of becoming a Hanlin scholar is very slim. Most of them will be sent to serve as academic officials. Although the grades and salaries are high, it is difficult for them to be appointed. And

The original background of Jinshi cannot be compared at all.

As for those who came from "juren", that is, those who came from the "two examinations of ministries and academies", although the career path is wider, they all start from the lowest level of officials, which are actually the original officials. Because there are many officials, it is difficult to enter

The door to the official position is relatively wide, but it is difficult to get promoted. There is also a terrible "reduction quota" that is staring at you. If you fail the assessment for three consecutive years, you will be demoted or eliminated.

It depends on the size of the official position. If a junior official cannot be demoted, then he will be eliminated directly!

Of course, this system of promotion, demotion, and elimination has both advantages and disadvantages for officials. After all, officials above cannot be demoted, and it is not easy for people below to be promoted!

Moreover, if officials cannot be eliminated, wouldn’t there be fewer opportunities for new people to join the official ranks every year?

In addition, those who have overcome difficulties cannot be eliminated through assessment. They will be given a guaranteed officer based on their merit. That is to say, those who really fail the exam will be assigned a job to support them. Those who have made great contributions will be given a larger guaranteed officer, and those who have made less merit will be given a guaranteed officer.

The official is also small.

In short, Emperor Zhu's court wanted to kick out unqualified officials as much as possible and promote officials who could do things. Those who could become county magistrates from a large number of petty officials, and then from a large number of county magistrates or county-level officials

Most of the high-ranking officials in the state capital who stand out from the crowd have a few tricks up their sleeves, and their conduct is decent. At least they can't be caught by the censors who raided their homes!

Ruan Dacheng said: "This system of examination, promotion and elimination will not be implemented in the new land. At present, it is the four rivers, two lakes, Fujian and Guangdong, plus a Guangxi department, and a Shandong department.

Did it.”

"What about other places?" Zeng Ying asked, "For example, what happened to the newly restored Henan?"

“Of course recommendation is the main one,” Ruan Dacheng said. “It is the exiled nobles, officials and gentry from Henan who recommend the county magistrates. Those below the county magistrate level are recruited from the exiled Henan scholars. There are recommendations.

There are also some who have passed the exam.

The governor, governor, admiral and other frontier ministers have great power in personnel affairs. If the other two have no objections, the county magistrate will have it!

As for the magistrate, the magistrate (Zhili Prefecture) is appointed by the imperial court. Governor Zeng has the right to use it, but it will be invalidated when it expires!"

At the same time, Zhu Cihong was summoning Li Yan, the governor of Henan, Lu Zhenfei, the governor of Hebei, Li Jiantai, the governor of Shanxi, and Zhang Tongchang, the governor of Shaanxi, who were about to take office at Laoshan Palace.

Except for Zhang Juzheng's grandson Zhang Tongchang, who came to Shaanxi as a governor from Hubei Province, the other three governors were local officials. This arrangement was not common at the state level or above, let alone at the governor level.

The reason why Zhu Cixiang appointed Li Yan, Lu Zhenfei, and Li Jiantai as governors of the province was to let these three people take the lead and pull together the bureaucratic teams in Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi.

Those who can serve as officials in these three occupied provinces are, of course, members of the "Returning Regiment"!

"Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi have been occupied for many years, and the Donglu have encircled the land and equalized farmland. Therefore, all the relationships in the original land are no longer clear, and I don't want to clear it up. Do you understand?"

Zhu Cixiang is still talking about the land issue!

After all, Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi are not the land of abundance like Sichuan. Emperor Zhu is prepared to suffer long-term losses!

However, the money of the Ming Dynasty cannot be "burned" in vain. The three provinces of Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi must be "burned" into territories that the Ming Dynasty court can firmly control.

To achieve this goal, there is only one key, which is to deal with the land conflicts. Due to years of turmoil and the Qing Dynasty's enclosure and equalization of land, the land conflicts in these three provinces have actually been alleviated. Now that the Ming Dynasty is taking over, this conflict cannot be allowed to continue.

Get up again soon.

Of course, land mergers cannot be suppressed in the long term. As long as there is market competition in agriculture, some people will succeed and some will fail. There is no business where everyone can succeed. This is impossible! So to truly suppress mergers, just

Only like Dashun, strict policies are used to suppress commercial activities.

In other words, it doesn’t make people rich!

But capitalism in the southeast of the Ming Dynasty has begun to run wild, and Emperor Zhu has no way to turn back.

What he can do now is to prevent the Qing Dynasty's land reform achievements from being lost immediately.

"I understand your Majesty's painstaking efforts!" Li Yan is the one who understands Emperor Zhu's thoughts best, otherwise he would not have changed from a military advisor to a governor of Henan. "As long as I stay in Henan for a day, I will not let the common people go to the fields."

Lost farmland again.”

"But we can't let them get the land for free," Zhu Cixiang said. "The land that has been transferred cannot be registered as private land, it can only be public land, and it must be prohibited from circulation. As for the land occupied by the bannermen, it cannot be returned to the original owner. It must be cultivated first."

It is under the control of the Secretary and will be used to award rewards based on merit. Once the customs are completely pacified, all of them will be rewarded and I will not leave an acre behind."

"Your Majesty," Li Jiantai asked with a frown, "What about the gentry who have lost their land and have no merit? Some people have land deeds issued by the court, and they have to acknowledge it!"

"We can refer to Hubei's method." Zhu Cixi paused and then said, "Those who have land deeds, the court will make up for them, and those who don't will forget it. As for Hebei, it used to be Beizhili, and there were many noble farmsteads and road governors.

, these lands must be firmly controlled and await the unified distribution by the imperial court. I still have to give them an explanation for all the nobles who follow the imperial court south. I will give them 20 million acres to compensate them. No more can be given.
Chapter completed!