The so-called Liao guarantor is the tax that was added to suppress the rebellion after the Jianzhou rebellion broke out. Tianlai Novel. | 2 Liao guarantor began in the 46th year of Wanli. During the Wanli period, it was added three times, and finally reached nine li. The Chongzhen junta started in the fourth year of Chongzhen.

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty's entry into the pass, Dorgon accused the Ming Dynasty of the three pays with righteousness: "The most ill-fighting policy in the previous dynasty was the best for the people to send more Liao pay, which led to the poor and thieves. Then the suppression pay was added, and then the training paid was added. However, these three pays were several times the regular offering, which was a burden to the common people, and scraped the fat and marrow." At the same time, in order to win the hearts of the people, he even claimed that "starting from the first year of Shunzhi, all additional pays except the regular amount, such as Liao pay, suppression pay, training pay, and summoning rice and beans to be purchased, all the money was exempted."

It is always good for the people to exempt the extra sect, but in fact, the edict to exempt the "three pays" was not strictly implemented.

In the sixth year of Shunzhi, Wang Zhizuo, the inspector of Jiangxi, mentioned in his memorial that the Qing Dynasty claimed that he would completely exempt the three-money and additional stakes. However, when the Jiangxi Provincial Government Office reported the report, the Qing court's answer was changed to taxes collected according to the old rules of the Wanli Dynasty. Therefore, the Liao stakes of the Wanli Dynasty - the nine-cent silver that was sent out three times, was inevitable, and only the additional stakes of the Tianqi and Chongzhen straits were exempted.

This matter clearly shows that the reduction and exemption of "virtual politics" in the early Qing Dynasty by future generations was actually just a false reputation.

In addition, Dorgon built a city outside the border and sent more than 2.5 million taels of extra money and grain to nine provinces. Shunzhi was in charge of the government and ordered the quota to be paid. At the end of Shunzhi, the historian of Ming Dynasty, Gu Cheng also pointed out in "History of the Southern Ming Dynasty" that "in the 18th year of Shunzhi, he broke his promise and regained the Ming Dynasty's suppression of money, and increased the tax of more than 5 million taels."

In this way, the early Qing Dynasty claimed that the extra stake that abolished the three guarantors, but in fact, the Liao guarantors were only exempted from three guarantors, and continued to collect them in the name of nine guarantors, and it was clearly written into the "Complete Book of Taxes and Services", while other extra guarantors were even replaced with names and implemented many times.

"According to the statistics of the account book, the Liao salary in Jiangxi Province totaled 361,36 taels per cent, four cents and four cents."

The addition of Liao guarantors was a problem that had to be faced in the late Ming Dynasty. In the Jiashen period, Dashun shouted the slogan of exemption from the three-year period, which was highly anticipated when he first entered Beijing. The Qing army entered the pass, and the slogan was also abolished the three guarantors and won the hearts of the people. During the Hongguang period, the 17th year of Chongzhen not only had to be collected, but the Liao guarantors were also inevitable.

As soon as they go out and enter, most of the people lost their hearts. How could the Qing army be so devastated when they headed south?

When the Hongguang Dynasty was destroyed, the Qing Dynasty changed its name to continue to collect Liao tribute from the Wanli period. However, the Ming court had a very chaotic tax. In addition, warlord separatism, administration, raising soldiers, and corruption, various reasons, it can be said that this extra sect was not truly exempted nationwide.

After Chen Wen entered Jinhua Prefecture, due to the need to raise soldiers, the Qing Dynasty's taxes in Jinhua Prefecture were not reduced, and Jiuli silver always existed.

The average grain yield per mu in eastern Zhejiang is three to four stones per mu. According to the current grain price, only three to four taels of silver will be taken away by grain merchants. However, the additional Liao pay is 3 to four hundred and four hundred, and the people can still survive. For example, when the three pays are all present in the late Ming Dynasty, the peasant uprising power in the south was still pitiful. It was precisely because of the wealth of the south that the people could still survive even under the corruption of the government and the gentry.

In the past few years in Zhejiang, although Chen Wen did not exempt the additional sects, he was very serious about the administration of officials. As the administration of Zhejiang had improved significantly after several inspections, the continuous strict investigations have greatly reduced the phenomenon of random charges, and the impact of ordinary people being subject to additional sects has been greatly reduced. Of course, it is better not to add sects, but at least there has never been any official force to rebel. At most, officials and gentry are dissatisfied.

"Senator Rong means completely reducing the Liao salary?"

Chen Wen does tax reductions and exemptions in Zhejiang almost every year, targeting the affected areas. In Jiangxi, the summer and autumn taxes this year have been exempted, and the financial pressure is completely supported by Zhejiang and the property of the Qing officials who were seized and confiscated, such as Liu Guangbi and Cai Shiying. If the reductions are made, the Jiuli Liao salary inherited from Jinhua Prefecture will be unbearable for today's still tense finances.

"The officials in charge do not mean this. The officials in charge are foolish. As long as the supervision and punishment are strong enough, officials from various prefectures and counties dare not charge fees randomly, the people will not be under too much pressure. As for what the officials in charge want to say, it is another matter."

"oh?"

"As far as the officials of the Ming Dynasty know, the proportion of the examinations of our Ming officials is different, but the tax collection is rarely sufficient. However, the prison court is extremely strict about the examinations and must be fully collected, and the taxes that have been owed before must be recovered, such as the taxes during Jin Shengheng anyway, and the Tatars recovered after the suppression."

"I see."

"The officials of the lower authorities suggest that officials from all prefectures and counties are strictly prohibited from exploiting the people in the name of recovery."

Recovery is a disguised tax increase. Although the Qing Dynasty launched a tax reduction and exemption policy for some disaster-stricken areas after the war between the two famous kings and the Fork Road Crossing, the recovery policy from the Qing Dynasty to local officials has never stopped.

Chen Wen was in Zhejiang and had previously recovered some tax arrears from some gentry. At that time, when they were evading taxes, they designed two ways to give them - either sign an agreement and never evade taxes in the future, otherwise they would be tax-deducted by their property; or they would be able to recover the accumulated owes over the years and fail to pay them, and they would be exempted from fame and fortune from now on.

When this method was released, although there was a huge opposition, in front of Chen Wen, a name that was increasingly terrifying to the gentry, he basically either signed an agreement or paid the accumulated debt. After all, they were unwilling to give up the Ming court's preferential exemption policy, which was a real exemption from taxes ranging from dozens of meters to thousands of acres of land, which was not just a joke.

"How has the preparations for "Jiangxi Dibao" been carried out?"

Chen Wen did not immediately respond to Rong Qian's proposal, but instead asked another civil servant about another matter.

"If you go back to the king, you are basically ready and you can finalize the printing tomorrow at the latest."

"Jiangxi Dibao" is the same as "Zhejiang Dibao", both of which are mouthpieces under the Propaganda Department. After confirming that the "Jiangxi Dibao" will start operating soon, Chen Wencai said to Rong Qian: "The orders are changed every day, no. For specific purposes, wait until the investigation team comes back, and the government orders need to be explained in the "Jiangxi Dibao".

"The official understands."

Seeing that Rong Qian did not sit down, Chen Wen asked, "Is there anything Senator Rong wants to say?"

"There is another matter to be explained by the officials."

"Please continue."

When I worked in the government office in Zhejiang for a long time, I have to pay attention to having opinions here, but once the government order is issued, I must do my best to implement it. The first proposal was not clearly confirmed, and Rong Qian was not discouraged.

"According to the investigation by Xiaguan, there is floating grain in Jiangxi Province, including Nanchang, Ruizhou and Yuanzhou. The time of Yuanzhou and Ruizhou is too tight, and Xiaguan has not yet confirmed it. However, except for Wuning County, the floating grain in Nanchang is as high as 195,122 taels of silver and as much as 149,131 stones of rice."

Floating grains are recorded as stakes from Chen Youliang, a hero who occupied this place in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. At that time, the additional taxes higher than that of the time were called floating grains, and the Ming Dynasty did not abolish them. In the Qing Dynasty, many officials sent by the Qing Dynasty to Jiangxi, including governors, governors, and inspectors. The prefects of these three prefectures, had submitted memorials to apply for reduction and exemption of floating grains, such as Cai Shiying, and the prefect of Yuanzhou who had just surrendered not long ago.

In fact, during the Qing Dynasty, floating grain was reduced and exempted many times, but it was not completely completed in the end. This additional tax was suppressed by the people of these three prefectures for 600 years. Although the Qing Dynasty made limited exemptions for floating grain, it continued to increase taxes on grain and other projects, and the burden on ordinary people was heavier than in the Ming Dynasty.

Hearing the results of this investigation, the officials present began to whisper. Some people had already come into contact with this matter, but did not investigate as much as Rong Qian. When they heard Rong Qian mention it at the meeting, they immediately began to calculate the impact of this matter on the departments they were responsible for.

"There is no problem with floating grain in Wuning County?"

“Not exists.”

Nanchang Prefecture is geographically divided into two parts. One is the area where the Ganjiang River leaves Linjiang Prefecture and merges into Poyang Lake, while the other is the mountainous area in northwest of Jiangxi. Among them, Wuning County is in the north of the latter, close to Jiujiang Prefecture.

"The matter mentioned by Senator Rong is very important, but this matter is of great importance. An investigation team needs to be sent to conduct a detailed investigation and get a conclusion before discussing it."

Rong Qian also knew that nearly 200,000 taels of silver, nearly 150,000 shi of grain, and just one mansion, it was indeed not decided in just one sentence. And his mention this was just to cause a big deal to investigate the matter in detail.

Next, officials from various departments mentioned many problems in Jiangxi Province, and did not end until lunch time.

Many investigation teams have not come back yet, and the detailed situation is unknown, but there are indeed several problems in Jiangxi Province. For example, the sharp decline in population, a lot of abandoned land, such as tax issues, tax issues in the Qing Dynasty, floating grain that already existed in the Ming Dynasty, etc., are often involved in a large scope and must be verified in detail before a resolution can be made.

In addition, there are some old problems such as garrisons, involving new problems such as royal palaces and imperial weapons fields. In short, if this newly recovered area is managed well, it still needs to work harder.

The morning meeting was mainly civil affairs work under the Governor's Office. Officials were present in the department involved in the meeting. After lunch, Chen Wen would start to preside over the afternoon meeting, which was mainly military affairs and military affairs related matters. However, this time, it was no longer the investigation results and reporting discussions between various departments, but Chen Wen held a public discussion on the matters that had been planned before.

"As we all know, our Jiangsu and Zhejiang Kings Division has now recovered the eight prefectures in eastern Zhejiang, a province in Jiangxi and some prefectures in Guangdong and Fujian, and is the largest military group of the Emperor Ming. However, since most of the areas here have been recovered in the near future, our military strength is not enough to deal with threats from all sides. Expanding the army is one thing, and further strengthening of the army is also a top priority. Especially in this bloody battle with the Tartars, our spear formation and the mandarin duck formation did not have the upper hand in front of the Spanish formations that were learned from Taixi, and it also needs to find out the shortcomings and strengthen them."

Since its establishment, Chen Wen's army has always been adjusting the military system and tactics to deal with more complex situations. From the initial southern anti-Japanese version of the Mandarin Duck Formation, to the northern border guard version of the Mandarin Duck Formation that began on Tiantai Mountain, to the spear formation used to make up for the Mandarin Duck Formation, as well as riding infantry, professional engineers and artillery, etc.

Nowadays, the hand-to-hand combat that once relied on to become famous has fallen into a disadvantage. If the Ming army had not been able to endure casualties, especially the emergence of grenadiers, they were afraid that the winner would become the Qing army because of this.

The officials here have been mentally prepared for this, and Chen Wen has also sought opinions from relevant personnel for many things. Military reform is imperative. When he heard Chen Wen's opening remarks, he increased his attention to the following words.

"In the past six months, our army has fought field battles with the Tatars in Siming Mountain District and Yushan County twice, and has carried out effective attacks against Guangxin Prefecture and the bastion north of Guangxin Prefecture. We won both, but there are many problems exposed. First, there are the problem of field combat tactics."

Speaking of this, Chen Wen sat down, followed Zhang Gongyan, the combat staff officer of the Military Staff Department, and stood up from his seat, walked to the conference table near Chen Wen, and gave the officials present a flat-breasted polite manner of the Chinese Revival Society.

The location where Zhang Gongyan is located is a wooden shelf with a curtain on it. After Zhang Gongyan gave the ceremony, he lifted the curtain off and leaked out a board on it with a few sheets of paper with patterns on it. Just lift the front piece of paper behind the board and the next piece can be revealed.

Next, Zhang Gongyan walked closer and pointed at the pattern on the paper with a command ruler and began to preach: "As we all know, our army had encountered the Southeast Jingbiao and other troops of the Tartars in Yushan, and tens of thousands of troops. They compiled a formation called the Spanish phalanx, thus getting rid of the dilemma of being unable to confront our army in the field."

"As far as the general knows, and the information obtained by the Military Law Department from the Jesuit monks showed that this formation had appeared in Taisie a hundred years ago. It was improved by a senior general in a country called Spain based on the commonly used formation of another country called Switzerland in Taisie. Since its appearance, this formation has been rampant in Taisie, with all its strength and amazing combat power."

This was seen by many generals attending the meeting on the battlefield with their own eyes. Faced with the Ming army's formation, the Spanish phalanx was not inferior, and even had the advantage at one time. It was conceivable that they could run rampant in Taixi.
Chapter completed!