During World War I, almost all countries had very fatal problems.

The problem of the British Empire is arrogance. If they are not arrogant, they will not have to be involved in this war at all, and there will not even be the outbreak of World War I. As for the loss of the British Empire from the position of world hegemony, Song

Biao's answer is only two words - he deserves it.

Just as Churchill responded so arrogantly to Chiang Kai-shek's remarks on the return of Hong Kong at the Cairo Conference in 1943 - without war, he would never take anything from the British Empire.

Well, since that's the case, Song Biao's answer is that there will definitely be a real war between China and Britain waiting for the nobles of the British Empire.

Now, what a huge concession is the British willing to give up the Shanghai Concession and return the customs rights to China. At least in their own opinion, the Chinese should be grateful to the British Empire for the rest of their lives, especially on the issue of **, not the British Empire.

The Chinese who made concessions were as dirty and shameful as mice on the sewer. They were simply the most unreasonable and ignorant race in the world. They were not worthy of living together with the Anglo-Saxons on the same earth as humans.

...

Germany's problem is supply.

Germany, which faced two-line combat at the same time, was not worried about the issue of military strength, but only worried about insufficient supply. Especially after the Sino-Japanese War of 1911, the German army attached great importance to light and heavy machine guns and the premature large-scale use of submachine guns, which would make the German army early on in the early stage

It has a great advantage, and the future of the early offensive will lead to the lengthening of the front line. The supply problem will become more difficult.

Supply, this is the Achilles heel of the German army in the first battle.

Many people think that the benefits and disadvantages of the German army in the first battle are the only ones that cannot be understood. The reason is actually very simple. There was such an important saying in ancient Chinese military - before the three armies move, food and grass will come first.

In modern military, supply cannot keep up, and nothing can keep up.

At this time, the German army was almost World War II in its weapons and equipment, but the supply was still in the period of the French-Prussian War. The shortcomings of improper flexibility also made the German army unable to break through the traditional military organization and baggage transportation restrictions on a large scale like the Northeast Army.

It’s not that the Northeast Army is stronger than the German army at this time. This is basically unlikely, otherwise Song Biao would have sent troops to directly participate in the European War.

...

France's problem is fantasy, fantasy depends on other countries, which is unrealistic. France has always been a creative country, but it does not have the down-to-earth logic of the Germans.

Russia's problem is that its quality is low. From top to bottom, from commanders to soldiers, they lack the quality to compete with the German army, and they can only win by relying on the advantage of numbers. The more people, the more difficult it is to replenish military expenditure and material supplies.

The greater the pressure of war.

...

After the outbreak of World War I, Song Biao's influence on the world gradually became truly revealed. On the one hand, the German army tore the defense line of the British and French forces tore the defense line between the British and French forces in the breakthrough battle of the Marne River defense line, but Britain and France

The coalition continued to organize defenses in Compiègne and Laon to block the German army; on the other hand, Song Biao's former subordinates and superiors were highly valued in the Tsarist Russian Empire, and General Brusilov was appointed as the supreme commander of the front line.

The chief of staff he selected was Lieutenant General Alessandrovic Neznamov.

The German army won consecutive victories on the Western Front, but on the Eastern Front, the Russian army also quickly broke through the defense line between the German and Austro-Hungarian coalition forces, forcing the German army to transfer their reserve forces to the Eastern Front, delaying the German army's further offensive on the Western Front.

With the establishment of the French Wartime Committee in charge of the French Chief of Staff Xiafei, France's industry, economy... everything is beginning to serve the war. The various obstacles in military trade between China and France were finally broken through instantly, and Xinhua Company hoarded it.

A large number of firearms, ammunition and artillery were continuously transported to France, and the major arsenals and related enterprises in the Empire began to operate at full capacity.

The Far East even sold a very special means of transport to the French Wartime Commission - the agricultural four-wheeler, which is to add a cargo compartment behind the hand-held tractor, a very simple setting, but it can provide reliable during wartime.

Transport vehicles, which are cheap and easy to operate, require only simple training to drive.

Chinese people are born to be very good at doing business.

Jiangnan Company actively promoted the imitation of Enfield Jiangnan rifles produced to the UK. Although the British Empire did not believe in the level of Chinese industry, in the eyes of the arrogant British, the Chinese were still the ignorant and backward who even had to import matches.

The waste country, but the Jiangnan company adopted a very favorable sales politics. The British Army only needs a deposit of 10% to purchase 70,000 Jiangnan rifles, and of course, it can also purchase 7.7mm caliber Shenyang rifles.

After the British bought these 70,000 Jiangnan rifles, the structure of the bolt was roughly the same as that of the Li Enfield rifle, and named it MK.4. The effect of the military was actually very good, although the manufacturing process was compared with that of the British.

The goods are much rougher and a little clumsy, but they are very durable and safe and reliable. They can shoot and fight back against their opponents at any time even in the dirtiest environment, with almost no problem of getting stuck.

As a result, the British market was also opened.

When World War I broke out, although there were still a large number of countries that did not participate in the war, in order to avoid the impact of the war, they also needed to produce and purchase weapons in large quantities and increase military strength to prevent military strength. Spain, Portugal, Greece, Romania and temporarily

The Ottoman Empire, which had not joined the Allied camp, purchased a large amount of arms from China, and even Italy, which was in the Allied camp, also exported arms through other channels.

By the end of 1914, Xinhua Company not only sold the large amount of arms stockpiled in the previous two years to short the price, but each arsenal also urgently produced 1.3 million Shenyang rifles, imitation of Mauser Gew98 rifles, imitation of Enfield rifles, Mosinnagan rifles, and China

Germany cooperated to develop and imitate Krupp's 75mm field guns, 88mm field guns, and 105mm light field guns to produce more than 4,000 units, producing 6.5 million tons of smokeless gunpowder, and 7.84 million tons of nitro** and black**.

In addition to the export of special commodities such as soybeans, raw silk, and tea, the overall economy is relatively closed compared with foreign countries. The impact of the trade collapse caused by international wars was smaller in the early stage than that of the world's largest trading powers like the United States, but instead, it was due to the special needs of the international arms industry.

.The large amount of arms exported in exchange for huge profits.

In order to make money, Far East Weapons Corporation also exported mortars with a caliber. Except for the new semi-automatic rifle temporarily restricted by the Empire, there were almost no export restrictions. Especially when Germany's foreign trade was paused, the oil and grease industries in the three eastern provinces were in a state of silence.

I found a very broad market all at once. Although the product quality is far from comparable to German products, it is at least cheaper and is the best alternative.

Under the protection of wartime alliance policies, the empire's textile industry broke through Britain and France's protection of their colonies. It sold a large number of goods to these markets, and used the vacancies of European products to occupy new markets significantly.

From the second half of 1914 to the first half of 1915, the textile industry production capacity of China, India and Japan exceeded twice, and China's textile industry surged from 6.8 million spindles to a scale of 14 million spindles.

After waiting for many years, China finally made a war fortune.

When the imperial economy entered a stage of war prosperity in 1915, the empire also resolutely implemented the Sino-French alliance agreement, and with the cooperation of the French Asian fleet, attacked the German colonies in East Asia, occupied German New Guinea and the Caroline Islands, and Japan versus

After Germany declared war, it occupied the Northern Mariana Islands.

In order to consolidate such gains, the Empire built light armored cruisers with a displacement of 4,000 tons in the only three major shipyards in Jinzhou, Jiangnan and Fuzhou at the same time. It only ordered some steam turbines in the United States and built some three-inflated reciprocating steam machines.

.

In July 1915, after reaching an agreement with France on the Sino-Vietnam-China-Laos border negotiations, the Empire kept its promise and sent six infantry divisions and central expeditionary fleets to the German colonies in Africa, and at the same time, 200,000 army expeditionary forces to France, officially

Participate in the European War.

As the warring countries assembled more submachine guns in the entire First World War, the tug-of-war on various fronts became more intense and crazy, and their tactical levels and theories were rapidly improving. Equipment updates also accelerated.

After a period of struggle, France officially confirmed that the 7.62*54f rifle bullet was a standard rifle bullet. Based on this, some designs of Shenyang rifles were improved. Bettier rifles were named... rifles, because the production of domestic rifles is not as good as that.

In addition, a large number of Shenyang rifles imported from China using the same-seeded bullets.

Chinese people are very good at doing business. In order to actively promote weapons, they even formulated repurchase terms in the sale of guns. As long as France is willing, some of the old guns can be sold back to China at a low price after the war is over.

Although the Empire did not participate in the European war, in order to maintain the honor of the Empire and comply with the Sino-French Military Alliance Agreement, by September 1915, the number of troops sent to the outside world reached 370,000, and military service was increased across the country. All provinces

A recruit training camp was set up, and recruits were drawn to prepare to send troops to Europe on a larger scale.

The Imperial Navy also added a displacement of 220,000 tons, sent the Central Expeditionary Fleet to participate in anti-submarine and patrol work in the Atlantic Ocean, and cooperated with the British and French navies to annihilate the German navy. Japan is also doing the same thing, but the scale and actual combat power of the Japanese navy

Far beyond the Imperial Navy.

The greater the scale of the war is the emergence of China and the United States. The 175 national industrial plans and the upgraded development of the Northeast industrial base were just a good opportunity. In the stagnation and regression of Europe, the empire used the earned from the European war.

Foreign exchange continues to purchase machinery and equipment from the United States, increase industrial production capacity, promote power projects on a large scale, and continue to actively build railways in China.

Relying on this kind of war prosperity, the empire achieved a huge economic growth of more than 13% in 1914 and 1915. Coupled with the unstoppable appreciation of silver during the war, the empire's GDP in 1915 had already broken through the data.

3.3 billion pounds, the total fixed assets of the Imperial Industry surged from 74 million pounds in 1914 to 120 million pounds. With the rapid outflow of European population, the number of foreign diaspora in the Imperial Special Zone and coastal open cities increased, and

The number of experts hired by foreign experts bureaus in various cabinet departments of the Empire is also surging.

It was based on absorbing talents from the shipbuilding industry in Britain, France and other countries that the empire began to have larger shipbuilding capabilities in 1915 and completed the self-made ship-high-power reciprocating steam engines and small and medium-power steam turbines.

In the First World War, the Chinese Empire was destined to be the biggest beneficiary country second only to the United States.

At this time, the biggest problem for China is how to concentrate domestic forces to eliminate the Ma family army entrenched in the northwest, and to stabilize the currency. As the exchange price of silver in the international market continues to rise, even if the empire continuously sells silver reserves, it has not yet been released.

It can effectively stop this increase.

Since the second half of 1915, the empire has begun to discuss the issue of abandoning the silver standard, but the empire itself is the world's largest silver circulating country. Even though the national silver reserves and precious metal pipe control system are implemented, domestic private silver circulation still occupies the international market.

40% of that.

Once the empire announces its withdrawal from the silver standard, the silver price plummeted. It may also cause the empire to lose all its benefits in the war, and the total wealth from the country to the people will decline sharply.

After careful discussion, the central bank finally decided to adopt a more stable financial policy, while continuing to replace silver reserves in the international market with gold. It also issued a large number of additional gold dollar coupons in China to recover silver dollars to reduce the total amount of silver circulation in China.

On the one hand, the stability of the central silver reserves will continue to be retained. Even after adopting the gold standard, the empire will still maintain a huge world silver reserve to ensure the stability of the silver price.

After many cabinet discussions, on October 10, 1915, the Imperial Central Bank announced the adoption of the gold standard, while promising to continue to maintain the existing central silver reserves. China is the largest silver standard country in the world. It is also the price of silver that continues to rise.

One of the two major driving forces is that as the Empire abandoned the silver standard, international silver prices plummeted from 24.3 to 27.5 in two weeks, falling back to the level before the official outbreak of World War I.

The Imperial Bank then purchased some silver reserves, which made the silver price gradually stabilized in the following months, and the strength of long and short was roughly equal.

As the empire stabilized transition to the gold standard and maintained 1,350 tons of gold and more than 115 million taels of silver in the Central Reserve Bureau, while transforming from Asia's largest debtor country to creditor countries, Song Biao finally decided to send troops to eliminate the Northwest Ma family army and completely eliminate the country's last.

local forces are armed.

Another important reason why Song Biao decided to send troops at this time is that the Sichuan Railway has also been built from Chengdu to Tianshui, and has two railway supply lines, so that the Central Military Department will have more in the process of extermination of the Ma family army.

Large-scale supply capacity... In December 2019, the Russian army encountered a full-scale attack by the main German forces on the Polish battlefield, and was defeated in a comprehensive manner, losing more than 1.5 million troops. However, Britain and France purchased a large number of weapons and equipment from China and the United States, only from the Far East weapons

The headquarters purchased the Popning light machine guns and Browning light machine guns with as many as 33,000 and 770,000 rifles. They took the opportunity to launch a counterattack on the German army's western front battlefield, forcing the German army to re-transfer its main force to attack Britain and France.

Europe is unpredictable and the situation is unpredictable.

At this moment, Song Biao arrived in Xi'an quietly accompanied by Cai E, the newly appointed deputy chief of staff. The military headquarters of the Northwest Army was located in Xianyang County, not in Xi'an City. This is set up in every place.

This is true for all military departments, in order to avoid interference from local military regions and influence the provincial government.

In such a year, Xianyang was just an inconspicuous small county town, and the Northwest Military Headquarters settled here, but it also has its benefits. It seems particularly secluded because it is far away from a city like Xi'an. There is no need to worry about the leak of military secrets or the military.

The act of disturbing the people.

Duan Qirui served as the commander of the Northwest Military Region for five years here, but he is not expected to serve as the commander of the Northwest Military Region for a longer period of time.
To be continued...