The Ronin incident in the three eastern provinces was a drastic turning point, which represented Song Biao's increasingly tough situation towards Japan.

Through the cooperation of the "East Japan Secret Agreement", the Japanese Army restored the conventional system of 7 divisions and supplemented important military supplies such as artillery and machine guns. However, there was only one division garrison on the Korean Peninsula, and the Northeast New Army was also here.

In the cooperation, the troops were quickly expanded to 73,000. In addition to the Russian army, the army of the pan-Russian forces, including the New Northeast Army, exceeded 100,000, maintaining an absolute advantage over the Japanese army.

This is not an advantage of the number of troops, but an advantage in various aspects such as artillery, machine guns, horses, ammunition reserves. Within Song Biao's command, he has 624 artillery pieces, almost three times that of the Japanese Army, with 1,700 machine guns, and the same

Three times more than the Japanese Army.

Song Biao has an absolute advantage in the quality of artillery.

Diplomacy is always an extension of military affairs, and military affairs is also the basis of diplomacy.

Faced with such a situation, even with the efforts of Akiyama Masao and the Japanese government, Song Biao agreed to adopt a more low-key and silent treatment in the three northeastern provinces of Ronin incident, and escorted most of the Japanese Ronin to Lushun and handed over to Akiyama.

The real treatment is that only a small number of Japanese right-wing ronins are subject to normal judicial procedures to prosecute them in foreign-related courts. The overall situation still makes the Japanese government extremely passive, and all countries have clearly seen the rapid decline of Japan's influence in the three northeastern provinces.

Everything always goes back and forth.

At the same time, Russia has gradually calmed down civil unrest and began to reconsider its efforts to regain its development in Northeast Asia. Under such circumstances, the possibility that the Japanese government would continue to fully control the Korean Peninsula is almost zero.

In mid-May 1907, Russian Minister of the Army Kuropatkin arrived in the three eastern provinces as the Russian Tsar's special envoy. Under the coordination of Song Biao, Kuropatkin would join the US Minister to China Rockhill and the German Minister to Jiaoao.

Governor Truber held a secret meeting at the headquarters of the New Northeast Army, known in history as the "Fengtian Secret Talk".

With Song Biao's efforts, all parties reached an agreement in the "Fengtian Secret Talks" and refused to recognize that Japan and North Korea signed the "Yi Si Protection Treaty". With the support of Russia, Germany and the United States, Song Biao's Governor's Office of the Three East Provinces will

Negotiations with Japan on this can also be regarded as the deterrent force of Russia, Germany and the United States to use the New Northeast Army to the Korean Peninsula. Force Japan to continue to open the Korean Peninsula, recognize the South Korea-Qing Trade Agreement, and require Japan and North Korea to recognize the most-favored countries based on this

Treatment, enjoy preferential policies for business on the Korean Peninsula.

During the "Fengtian Secret Talk", many parties also reached a number of other cooperations with Song Biao. Russia, Germany and the United States continued to vigorously support the development of the new army in the Northeast, provide support loans, sell arms, and carry out larger-scale military-industrial cooperation.

Return, Song Biao will use the Northeast New Army as the main body to force Japan to give up control of the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, force Japan to abandon the "Bosi Protection Treaty" and retain North Korea's diplomatic and military power. All countries will also formally refuse to recognize "Bo"

The validity of the Treaty of Protection.

After the Russian Minister of the Army General Kuropatkin reconsidered with Song Biao, the old subordinate, the two unanimously concluded that Japan no longer dared to launch an attack on the Russian and Northeastern new troops in the three northeastern provinces, otherwise, Japan would only

Again, large-scale army defeat. Compared with the situation of the Russo-Japanese War, Song Biao had completely controlled the entire three northeastern provinces at this time and could quickly mobilize hundreds of thousands of troops to confront Japan with the support of Russia, Germany and the United States. Russia

It is only necessary to send about 100,000 troops and provide some other necessary help to easily defeat the Japanese army.

After the new Northeast Army forced Japan to abandon the "Yi Si Protection Treaty", General Kuropatkin and Song Biao negotiated, they decided to increase the Russian troops in the three eastern provinces to a scale of 50,000.

The Cézandinsk Infantry Brigade, the First Artillery Brigade, the First Cavalry Brigade, and the Governor of Kanto Prefecture, Seynezki, will be in charge of two infantry brigades and a cavalry regiment.

Against this backdrop, at the end of May 1907, Song Biao accompanied General Kuropatkin to inspect the city of Darni, and Song Biao publicly criticized Japan for forcing North Korea to sign the "Yi Si Protection Treaty" and violated international laws.

Admiral Kim also asked Japan to reconsider the effectiveness of the Yisi Treaty on behalf of the Russian government.

The Japanese government and the opposition were in great shock, and the fierce noise of the Japanese people was enough to flood the Nishimotoji Gongwang cabinet, but the Japanese army could not provide any reliable guarantees to the cabinet government.

Who dares to lead the Japanese Army and Song Biao to confront the mainland now?

If it really wants to fight on the Korean Peninsula, will Japanese Minister of the Army General Yoshima Oshima dare to go to the Korean Peninsula to fight Song Biao to the death?

This made Japan, which had already completely turned south and naval expansion policies, once again sway in the direction of military development. The Army Department took the opportunity to make a loud noise, demanding that the army increase its investment to protect Japan's rights and interests in the three northeastern provinces and Japan's colonial rule over Korea

ability.

The butterfly flaps its wings, and the world changes accordingly.

Even though Japanese Prime Minister Nishimoto Kotoshi decided to take a tough stance to fight against this counterattack between the three northeastern provinces and Russia, in the United States, Germany has successively clearly asked Japan to re-examine the effectiveness of the Ossi Protection Treaty, even France

I can't wait to participate, and the situation completely turned to an uncontrollable side.

Throughout 1907, the 33rd year of Guangxu was spreading and developing in this out of control situation. Inside the pass, there was an out of control of constitutional public opinion, outside the pass, the Qing government's complete out of control over the Governor's Office of the Three Eastern Provinces, and the international alliance between Britain, Japan and France and Russia

In the international situation, the situation began to adopt a cooperative attitude to deal with the threat of the German-Austrian alliance. In the Far East and the Pan-Pacific region, Song Biao, the governor of the three eastern provinces, was the main force and the spearhead. Russia, Germany, the United States and France adopted a cooperative attitude to force Japan to abandon its monopoly on North Korea, demanding that

North Korea opens.

One of the main goals of Japan's launch of the Russo-Japanese War is to ensure its colonial rule over North Korea. However, with Song Biao's active efforts, this goal was actually not achieved. It was just that Russia temporarily under the premise of constant internal chaos in Russia.

It recognizes Japan's special rights and interests in North Korea, but the scope of this rights is not clarified.

Now, with the rapid expansion of the new Northeast Army supported by Russia, Russia has refuted and began to reiterate the matter of North Korea. The United States, Germany and France are also actively involved in this matter.

In September 1907, the Northeast New Army expanded its army for the third time. The entire army was expanded into six infantry brigades and two artillery brigades. Although it continued to meet the restrictions of the four northeastern towns of the Qing government on the surface, the total force surged to 107,500 people.

.

On this basis, Song Biao adopted the "special governance outside the customs clearance" policy in the three northeastern provinces under the name of "reform of the new policy outside the customs clearance", "reflecting on the implementation of the new policy in Japan and Germany", and "returning to new governance in the three northeastern provinces", and adopted the "special governance outside the clearance" policy in Fengtian Prefecture Dongling Army

A large-scale Governor's Office of the Three East Provinces was built between the Ministry and Shenyang New District. Under the Governor's Office, the Finance Department, the Civil Affairs Department, the School Department, the Agriculture Department, the Industry Department, the Police Department, the Defense Department and other new policy institutions were established.

The name completely covers the military and political power of the three eastern provinces. Through the monopoly of fiscal power and military power, the centralized governance of the three provinces is implemented.

In 1907, the 33rd year of Guangxu was destined to be a peaceful year.

This year, the storm was surging. Inside the pass was a constitutional petition across the country, outside the pass was Song Biao's monopoly of power and the surge of the new army in the Northeast. It was the revolutionary uprising of the revolutionary party, and the rapid spread of the Restoration Party, all over the world

There have been activities organized by the anti-Qing and restoration of the Han Dynasty.

With the support of millions of taels of silver a year, tens of millions of leaflets and tabloids were circulating wildly, and various branches and organizations were everywhere. Among the new schools and new troops in various places, anti-Qing organizations were expanding rapidly.

, the spread range is very wide.

The Qing Empire was already in turmoil and rain, and the rain was like a river.

Also in this year, the three northeastern provinces continued to develop rapidly. The total import and export volume of the three provinces was rapidly equal to the entire area of ​​the country, with the total export volume increasing to 31.42 million pounds and the total import volume increased to 27.55 million pounds, plus foreign capital and large capital in the country.

The scale influx, and the net inflow of silver in the three northeastern provinces increased to 178 million Kanto silver dollars this year.

With strong mineral resources and large-scale capital investment, the three northeastern provinces achieved the feat of coal and iron mining exceeding Japan within two years. The total coal mining volume exceeded 7 million tons in November, surpassing Japan in one fell swoop as of the end of November 1907.

The total amount of 6.2 million tons is more than 1.4 million tons of iron ore mining. This is really far beyond that of Japan.

Although this data is almost 1 in total compared to the United States

The share of 10 is not enough, but for the three northeastern provinces, it is already a very high output scale.

Because the current large-scale mining of coal mines in the three northeastern provinces are all open-pit coal mines, with extremely low cost, high quality and low selling price. Not only will it be sold in large quantities in the second half of the year, but it will also be sold to Japan, Nanyang and the United States, Japan, Taiwan and North Korea.

The coal industry has had a huge negative impact.

Soybeans in the three eastern provinces monopolized Germany's soybean market, with total annual exports approaching 1.15 million tons, and the total export volume surged to 27.03 million pounds, surpassing Japan's raw silk exports to the United States in one fell swoop and becoming the largest agricultural trade industry in Asia.

In October 1907, under the active mediation of France and Britain, the Japanese government was under pressure to recognize the validity of the Korean-Qing Trade Treaty on the basis of demanding that all countries recognize the "Yi Protection Treaty" and extend the validity period by twenty years.

Five port opening ports, including Xinyiju, Xin'anzhou, Nanpu, Qunsan and Mopo, will open up foreign investment, and will increase the commitment of "North Korea's tariffs remain unchanged for ten years" to twenty-five years.

In November 1907, Song Biao, on behalf of the Qing government and the Governor's Office of the Three East Provinces, signed the "Treaty on the Continuation of Trade and Renewal of Korea" with Japanese Foreign Minister Lin Dong and South Korean Imperial Envoy Li Jinhuan in Jinzhou. According to this Continuation of Trade and Renewal of the Qing government, the Qing government will be in the original form.

In addition to the three Qing leasing areas of Incheon, Busan and Wonsan, the three rental areas of Shinyiju, Xin'anju and Nanpu are added. It is agreed that within 100 kilometers of each of the Yalu River, Chinese and Korean businessmen have the right to invest in various industries.

, and can do business across borders freely.

In addition, except for the six Qing leasing areas, citizens of both countries should undergo a residence right review when they live in the other country. Without approval, they are not allowed to live in the other country and purchase property and land. North Korean refugees illegally reside in China and the three eastern provinces.

The reclaimers will deal with it according to law. The two sides agreed to repatriate existing North Korean refugees who illegally reside in the three northeastern provinces within three years.

In the "Treasury for Continuing Trade in South Korea and Qing Dynasty", Song Biao added the agreement on the labor certificate, that is, after the labor certificate is approved, Koreans can work in the three northeastern provinces, but they cannot buy land. This is because Song Biao considers more than 100,000 yuan.

After the repatriation of a large number of North Korean refugees, they may be exploited by Japan to instigate the relationship between South Koreans. In addition, the large-scale development of industrial and mining industries in the three northeastern provinces is indeed necessary, so it is appropriate to solve these North Korean refugees by issuing labor certificates.

The problem of temporary employment in the three northeastern provinces.

The "South Korea-Qing Trade Continuing Treaty" has been the result of the intervention and coordination between Britain and France for Japan. It is also the best result that Japan can strive for on the basis of not giving up the "Yi Si Protection Treaty". A huge scale broke out in Japan.

The people were ashamed of this, and the Japanese Army Department also took the opportunity to make noise. They demanded that the government strengthen the army construction and ensure colonial rule over the Korean Peninsula.

At this time, the popular view in Japan was that "sea power is important, and land power is also the foundation for maintaining rule." "Japan already has a strong navy, but the army still needs to continue to work hard", especially the Japanese industry and business circles and chaebol forces are facing Japan

The weak army was extremely dissatisfied with the fact that the Korean Peninsula was Japan's most important raw material base. The arguments such as "If even the Korean Peninsula cannot be preserved, Japan's industry will inevitably decline" were even more noisy.

This is indeed the case.

The problem is that in the entire international world, Japan's financial industry is still very weak and cannot effectively invest in the Korean Peninsula. Especially the industrial and mining industry on the Korean Peninsula, and North Korea also finds it difficult for it to continue to support the development of Japan's industry.

Also for the Far East Consortium, if it wants to further crack down on the cheap sales trend of Japanese industry to China, it must first threaten the source of Japan's cheap acquisition of industrial raw materials in North Korea.

Although Japan has replaced the Qing government as the suzerain of North Korea for 16 years, in these years, under the protection of the South Korea-Qing Trade Treaty, Chinese businessmen still occupy the mainstream of North Korea's foreign trade, and foreign foreign banks have also used this treaty to control it

With North Korea's foreign trade, a large amount of goods poured into North Korea from Shanghai and Tianjin, not from Japan.

Japanese businessmen really defeated Chinese businessmen. Controlling all North Korea's economy, the lifeblood of trade happened after 1918. With the sharp increase in North Korea's tariffs, the total import volume of North Korea from China alone has ranged from 11 million days a year in the Incheon Port alone.

The Yuan fell sharply to 1.62 million yen.

Judging from the data from Incheon Port, which dominates Sino-North Korea trade, Japanese merchants dominate the export rights of North Korea's international trade, while Chinese merchants dominate the import rights of North Korea's trade. In other words, it is the Japanese merchants who have the final say in the flow of silver into North Korea.

The Chinese businessman has the final say in the flow of silver from North Korea. The goods purchased by North Korea from China are mainly silk, medicinal materials, tea and other groceries. Japan mainly buys cotton, grain, coal mines, iron ore and so on.

Industrial raw materials.

As long as the effectiveness of the new "South Korea-Qingdad-Qing Trade Continuing Treaty" continues to be guaranteed, as the Far East consortium begins to develop strongly towards the Korean Peninsula, the lifeline of Chinese businessmen in the country will be an issue that Japan will be unable to reverse in the short term.

To this end, at the annual meeting of the Far East Consortium in 1907, North Korea's trade and investment and the deep processing industry of agricultural products in the three eastern provinces became two major issues. These two are actually one issue. With the railway from Shenyang to Dandong, it will be next year.

With the completion of the month and Xinyizhou becoming the new Qing leasing area, it will be very important to develop agricultural industry and deepen processing industries in Dandong and Xinyizhou.

The agricultural product processing industry in the three eastern provinces is developing rapidly. Soybeans, beets, cotton and wheat are the four main directions, especially the deep processing of beets is rising very fast, because Japan's sugar industry mainly relies on imported sugarcane from Southeast Asia and
To be continued...