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Chapter Historical Limitations

Xie Bin was naturally unwilling to accept Wang Qin's ridicule, so he recorded Han Qi's achievements in the war against Xia. Liao Dong was indeed very embarrassed in the debate. As a general, he naturally had to protect his own interests, but he could not argue with them in front of the emperor. Otherwise, the embarrassing person might be himself, so he hurriedly said goodbye in the name of patrolling the camp and left His Majesty without any loyalty.

I just discussed the national plan seriously, but in a blink of an eye the words changed, and the harmonious scene also turned into spitting stars flying around. As soon as Liao Dong, who is the highest-ranking, left, everyone seemed to have less attention and the dispute began to intensify. In addition, under the stimulation of alcohol, Xie Bin put down his usual gentleness, opened his clothes, rolled up his sleeves and argued with Wang Qin, which was a big deal.

Wang Qin, a warrior, faced Xie Bin, who was swaying in the face of the clapping Xie Bin, showed the calmness of the soldier's face without changing his expression. He even drank wine and looked at his weak body with a look of contempt. He didn't say much, but he also understood what it meant that "a scholar could not explain clearly when he met a soldier."

The scene was a little chaotic for a moment. Zhu Yu advised this, and that again caused the dispute to resurgence because of a sentence or even a disdainful look. Zhao Bing was also a little helpless, but also found it interesting. This is the life of ordinary people. Everyone can discuss topics they are interested in, and he always speaks carefully to avoid causing misunderstandings or being used by others. Instead, it is not as easy as ordinary people.

"Kong Sheng knew that soldiers were good at fighting, and even had disciples held military positions in various countries; Zhou Gong assisted King Cheng Jisong to succeed the throne, personally led his army to quell the rebellion of the Three Prisons and conquered the Eastern Yi tribes. But what you mentioned in the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao, Sima Yi, Zhuge Liang, Fa Zheng, and Jiang Wan of the Shu Han Dynasty; Lu Su, Lu Xun, Zhuge Ke and others all held the military power of a country as civil officials. It is indeed your scholars who spread rumors, and you take it for granted that the feather fan and lantern scarf were the ones who could destroy the masts and oars in the midst of chatting and laughing." Wang Qin snorted and said.

"Don't forget that Zhou Bo and Zhou Yafu, father and son of the Han Dynasty, also became prime ministers with military merits, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing opened the shogunate to manage the government affairs as the Grand Sima."

"You are talking nonsense. Zhuge Kongming was the prime minister of Shu, Cao Mengde was even the prime minister of the Later Han Dynasty. Lu Su was also in charge of the government affairs after Zhou Gongjin, and he was obviously a civil official." Xie Bin yelled with his palms and attacked the case.

"Haha, Brother Xie, don't be upset!" Wang Qin smiled and sorted out Panzhan who was shaken by him, "Wolong came out of the mountain and was the first military rank under Liu Bei's tent. Fa Zheng and Jiang Wan served as the general of the guards and general of the Fu Army in Shu Han. Lu Su, Lu Xun and Zhuge Ke were respectively appointed as the lieutenant of the Phan Army, Haichang Tuntian Commander, and the lieutenant of the cavalry commander. According to the official positions of our dynasty, they should all be classified as the military commander. It is not right!"

Zhao Bing did not expect Xie Bin, who was a scholar, would be so excited, and Wang Qin, who was a warrior, was so calm. His words made him look at him with admiration, and what he said was true.

If we follow the Confucian classification method, civil officials can be said to support the "half of the sky" in the history of Chinese war. For example, Confucius, who was regarded as the "ancestor" by scholars all over the world, not only personally led his army to defeat the rebels in the political movement of "Sandu", but also among Confucius' disciples, Ran You, who defeated the powerful enemy Qi with a weak brigade in Lu.

Duke Zhou was even more good at fighting, which was a great achievement. It was precisely because of his success in the military field that he greatly consolidated his political status, so that many powerful ministers in later generations took it as an example.

In later generations, Cao Cao and Sima Yi of Wei in the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period; Zhuge Liang, Fa Zheng, and Jiang Wan of the Shu Han regime; Lu Su, Lu Xun, Zhuge Ke and others all seemed to have the military power of a country as civil officials. It is precisely because the story is too popular that many scholars take it for granted that they are literati. In fact, Zhuge Liang is the one who fans it, but the "feather fan and Lun Scarf" is actually Zhou Yu.

This phenomenon occurred in history, and Zhao Bing thought it was actually related to the historical environment at that time. From Shang, Zhou, to the history of Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was no obvious division between civil and military affairs. For example, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius first set a precedent for private learning of "teaching but not distinguished", but the courses were not limited to culture and education; in order to maintain the political status of the royal family, the nobles of the Shang and Zhou dynasties often practiced both civil and military affairs. Emperor Xin of the Shang and Zhou dynasties was not only "distinguished in the knowledge of the skill and the knowledge of the eyes", but also had extraordinary strength and could "set the beast with the hands".

This educational model of "integration of civil and military affairs" is obviously only suitable for the low-intensity war situation of "a gentleman is not seriously injured and does not capture Ermao" in the Spring and Autumn Period. With the arrival of the Warring States Period, "fighting for land, killing people to fill the fields; fighting for cities, killing people to fill the city". Countries began to expand the scale of their army through internal reforms.

Against this background of "all farmers are possessed by swords, and children are also registered", in order to "scam" more people to join the army, it is naturally necessary to establish a new promotion system. The brave warriors officially leaped into the upstart class of various countries. Those civil officials who "know the military" gave up the historical stage to famous generals of the Warring States Period such as Bai Qi, Lian Po, Wang Jian, and Li Mu.

Although the Qin and Han dynasties unified the Central Plains, they faced the challenge of the northern nomadic peoples moving south. Therefore, the political pattern of "emphasizing martial arts and neglecting literature" in the late Warring States Period was once continued. Zhou Bo, Zhou Yafu and his son successively became prime ministers, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing opened the shogunate in the name of Grand Sima to interfere in state affairs, it was good that civil officials could maintain their original political basics, so naturally they did not dare to expect to be able to interfere in military power.

Fortunately, Emperor Wu of Han Liu Che did not blindly advocate force. Under the ideological system of "abolishing all schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", the civil officials group gradually rose. However, the reason why the Wang Mang family, which regarded themselves as scholars, was able to dominate the government and the country was not because of moral articles and reputation among the scholars, but because of five people in his family served as Grand Sima and held military power.

In the chaotic times between the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiu, who rose up in Nanyang, finally stood out. But after firmly standing, he had to give more preferential treatment to the local tyrants who strongly supported him. He relied on his strong family background and monopolized official titles to form political influence, and soon formed a family system with disciples and former officials all over the world, and the system of recommendation quickly became a "father-striving" game.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the children of the aristocratic families led by Cao Cao and Yuan Shao and local tyrants led by Liu Bei and Sun Jian took their own ways in this troubled times. Although due to their different educational backgrounds, Cao Cao's literary cultivation was much higher than other heroes at the end of the Han Dynasty. However, from his resume, Cao Cao started his career as the Northern Commander of Luoyang and the Cavalry Commander. His position as Sikong, a cyclist and cavalry general, was also a pure military general.

As a tomb-digger of the Cao Wei Empire, Sima Yi was recruited as a "literary officer" in the Prime Minister's Office, but he was very early to participate in military confidentiality. Although Cao Pi was deeply trusted during his lifetime, he had few military achievements. He was ranked after Cao Zhen, the general of the Central Army, Chen Qun, the general of the Central Army, and Cao Xiu, the general of the East.

What really brought Sima Yi to the front line was that he went to the front line, and was in full swing in the tug-of-war with Wu and Shu, and eventually became promoted from the General of the Cavalry to the top of the general with his military merits. From this perspective, Sima Yi also had the experience of being a military general for half his life.

Similarly, as Wang Qin said, the above-mentioned people should be included in the category of military generals in a strict sense. However, in folk legends, in order to meet the needs of the audience, they deliberately described their images as gentle and elegant. Therefore, these three kingdom figures who should have been regarded as Confucian generals were mistaken for civil officials by later generations, and Confucian generals are not equal to civil officials.

It is worth mentioning that although the Sui and Tang dynasties were the first to conduct imperial examinations, during the short-term rule of the Sui Dynasty and the so-called prosperous era in the early Tang Dynasty, the aristocratic forces led by the Guanlong military aristocrats still occupied the upper level of their political ecosystem. It was not until Wu Zhao consolidated his own regime that the local and foreign poor families of the Tang Dynasty gradually emerged.

The huge energy released by breaking the class and national barriers made Li Tang reach the peak of national strength during the reign of Li Longji. However, this situation was soon broken by the rebellion of the Hu professional officers led by An Lushan. The outbreak of the "Anshi Rebellion" certainly had the superposition of multiple accidental factors, but it also contained historical necessity behind it.

After all, poor children who have tasted the sweetness of power will inevitably be unwilling to always serve as tools for hereditary aristocrats, and those generals who hold military power will obviously be more likely to choose between cannon fodder that charges for the superiors and warlords fighting for themselves. Therefore, after An Lushan, there were many heroes in troubled times who uphold the concept of "Will the emperor have a seed? The strong and powerful horses do it" as a hero.

The reason why the separatist rule of the vassal states from the middle of the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was ended by Zhao Kuangyin, who was wearing a yellow robe was not that the "Fragrant Child" born in the Jiamaying in Luoyang was a "great man from heaven". Instead, the Song Taizu started his army and had already seen through human nature in his half-life's military service and mastered the true demands of those old men such as Shi Shouxin.

As he said in the popular "Release Military Power with a Cup of Wine": "Life is like a flash of time. Those who like wealth and honor are just to accumulate more money and entertain themselves so that their descendants will not be poor. Why don't you let go of your military power, go out to defend the great vassals, choose to buy land and houses, and establish a never-ending career for your descendants, and set up more songs, children, and dancers to drink and have fun every day to end their lives. I will make an appointment with you to marry you. There is no doubt between the king and the minister, and the top and the bottom are at peace, which is not a good thing!" Obviously, when the superiors give infinitely close to your desire ceiling, no one will be stupid enough to turn their heads on the belt to rebel.
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