CHAPTER ALL GORGES
Although Qiexue and the personal guards were both central guards, they had a clear division of labor in their functions. Qiexue was responsible for the emperor's security, in charge of the defense of the palace city and Oerduo, and generally did not go out to fight. The personal guards were responsible for the security of the two capitals of the Yuan Dynasty and Shangdu and the guards of the "Ba Li" area, and were also a regular elite force used by the imperial court to "localize and control the light", and could be sent out to fight at any time.
The two affiliations are also different. Qie Xue is under the command of Qie Xue Chang and directly obeys the emperor. The guards' personal army are under the command of the commanders of each guard. In addition to the Eastern Palace and the harem guards, they are all under the Privy Council, which is specialized in military affairs. The differences in military recruitment are also obvious. Qie Xue members mainly come from various Mongolian departments, while the guards' personal soldiers are not only from the Han army in the Central Plains, Jiangnan, the Red Army of the Disaster and the New Affiliated Army, the Semu people who were originally affiliated with the Mongolian army and the exiled Mongolian children, etc., are also important sources.
According to the regulations of the Yuan court, the soldiers who acted as guards must be elite soldiers, with a total number of between 200,000 and 300,000, of which about two-thirds of the soldiers of Han were involved. Therefore, the guards became the backbone of the Yuan army, replacing the military status of Qinxue as the "large-middle army" of the entire army during the Mongolian period. However, with the demise of the Song Dynasty and the end of large-scale wars, the military functions of the guards also weakened.
Therefore, in addition to defending the capital and participating in important wars, the functions of the guards' personal army also had additional military farming work. The military farming of the guards' personal army was very popular and was found in many areas of the Yuan Empire. Among them, the military farming of the guards' personal army was very important and large in scale. The court allocated cattle, planting, and farm tools for them, established military farming officials to manage them, and carried out water conservancy facilities construction. But strangely, the benefits were not good. Not only could it not meet the supply of military reserves of each guard, but it also often needed the central government's relief and allocated some military pay.
The state pays for production tools and has a large amount of cheap labor, but the income is not enough to spend. It is absolutely incredible in people's eyes today, but Yuxi Timur, who once commanded the army in the northwest, knew the tricks very well. During the Genghis Khan period, Mongolia established a thousand-household system that integrates military and political affairs. It belongs to the people to start horses and fights for the people on weekdays. The thousand-household system has many benefits, but the most important thing is to save money. The country does not need to pay to raise soldiers on weekdays. During wartime, soldiers also brought their own weapons, horses and equipment, and basically had no investment, which can save a lot of state funds and alleviate financial pressure.
After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, although Kublai Khan reformed the military system, he still followed this system and formed a new military household system. As the elite of the country, most of the Mongolian army returned to the grassland after the large-scale war. When encountering war, they still called out to fight. The formation of the personal guard army basically used two different methods.
One is to order the imperial court to select elite soldiers in the designated army, concentrate them in the capital, and form the personal guards; this also includes the establishment of the new guards from the original guards. The Han Guards and Mongolian Guards are mostly organized in this way; the other is that the emperor authorizes a meritorious minister to recruit people of the same clan or similar people to form a new guard; the Semu Guards are mostly organized in this way.
The former method is obviously influenced by the traditional military system of the Central Plains. Most dynasties established in the Central Plains selected troops from local areas to enter the capital. The latter method is influenced by the early Mongolian military system, and the guards were formed in the form of forming Mongolian thousand households. Meritorious ministers can recruit subordinates and implement management.
However, since the guards had incorporated a large number of Han troops into their personal army, it was difficult to survive like nomadic peoples such as Mongolia and other nomadic peoples, and needed a lot of food and grass supplies and money to support their families. Therefore, they needed to "maintenance". The court formulated relevant policies to distribute military pay, as well as temporary subsidies, wartime allowances and military merit rewards. For example, "business trips", such as escort pay and silver, arresting fugitives, are all considered "business trips", and some subsidies are subsidies. The officers and soldiers have weddings and weddings and state subsidies, and wartime allowances include miscellaneous items such as packing fees before and after the start of the journey, salt, vegetables and food rations. During wartime, the income of soldiers can reach several times their daily income.
In Yuxi Timuer, the entire behavioral logic of the court was fundamentally not to raise the guards as "armys", but to treat them as "guard dogs". They usually feed leftovers, throw bones in war, and turn a blind eye to rape and looting, and then turn a blind eye to the "disrupted people" in the world. As for national defense, there is no need to consider it. Anyway, the Celestial Empire has a big air of a giant beast, and ordinary people really dare not challenge it. The country will not pay for money to raise it for nothing, so let them farm and achieve self-sufficiency in order to use the waste.
However, Yuxi Timuer could see clearly that any political group has internal stratification, and because of the many political and economic privileges of the upper nobles can be effectively realized. The same is true in the guards' personal army. The Mongolians, the ruling class and the Seme people of the privileged class can do whatever they want, seize military land, invade public property, and enslave their officers and soldiers. The lower Han soldiers of the guards' personal army were unable to escape under the constraints of the imperial military household system and became increasingly poor under the exploitation of the upper class.
It is said that "Learn well for a lifetime, and learn bad things only take three days." After the end of a large-scale war, the Mongols quickly corrupted and fell into depravity, withdrew military pay and drank soldiers' blood, which can be said to be self-taught without a command. In addition, there are legal deductions such as "nationally recognized". In the name of raising horses, they require all officers and soldiers to "crowdfund" and deduct them according to the rated number of monthly amounts. This silver storage camp is for the purpose of buying horses. The remaining amount of money for buying horses will be reported to the Ministry of War for verification at the end of the year and sent to the Ministry of Revenue for replenishment of wages.
In addition, according to the calendar at that time, there were leap months in the year, which means that sometimes there would be thirteen months in a year, so an extra month of military pay would be paid. However, the court felt that it would be a loss to pay monthly wages, so it asked the officers and soldiers to take out their own wages to "buy insurance"... In other words, no matter how many months a year or several months the country only had a monthly salary... This is really not an ordinary dogma and "thrift".
If these are considered "legal" state deductions, the officers and soldiers of the guards' personal army will face deductions from generals at all levels. This part is illegal, but it is the most ingrained, and there are many ways. For example, when the generals lent their money in their troops, directly deduct military pay and repay principal and interest, or counterfeit filling the military's wages and deducting soldiers' wages to fulfill their obligations, and various welcoming and sending and office expenses to the soldiers' military pay. This method is exactly the same as the Song Dynasty at that time.
In addition, there are even more bizarre methods. When you join the army, you have to conduct military training. This is what everyone knows, and this part of the money should be paid by the state. However, the officers have to deduct the arrow money spent in daily training from the soldiers' military pay. Under this system, how are soldiers willing to train? How dare they train? Spray a few more arrows and the money for half a month's meal will be gone.
As the military training of the personal army of the guards, as the main force of the war, in order to ensure combat effectiveness, the court initially attached great importance to it from top to bottom, and established a training system and trained diligently. In addition to individual training of each department, it also had to concentrate on training and participate in the annual hunting held by the Khan. However, as the war decreased, the officers of course hoped to reduce training and spend more time on production to increase production.
If the above does not pay attention to it, the lower part becomes more perfunctory. The plots performed every year follow the old style without any improvement. They follow the old styles. Although they are usually reviewed, they are not practical when facing the enemy and fighting. These special skills of riding and shooting are also to save effort and no longer work hard to train. When performing and exams in various camps, they know that what they are not used, and they cannot help but be regarded as textual and disguised.
Yuxi Timuer believed that not only knew that the combat effectiveness of the guards' personal army had seriously deteriorated, but the superiors were not ignorant of it. The "indulgence" that still turned a blind eye to the depravity of this virtue was a problem of training itself. On the other hand, it was also due to the imperial court's positioning of this army. In the eyes of most people, the Mongolian army is the pillar of the country, the main force of the war, and the invincible guarantee.
Although the guards' personal army were large, they were only entourage troops, and could only engage in military farming, escort silver pay, escort prisoners, dismiss money and grain, arrest thieves, investigate smuggling, guarding, inspecting traitors, and urging. As the main force of the alien race, the Mongols were still worried, especially the armed forces with strong combat power, which had to be guarded secretly. Even the personal army, as the Khan's personal guard, was forbidden to bring bows to the post. Therefore, the weakening of their combat effectiveness was actually a pleasure to see them.
Since this is the case with everyone, after more than ten years of "training" by the guards, they also want to do so. At present, the 300,000 troops are truly engaged in military training. If they are pulled out, they can still fight wars. One out of ten may not be available, and they can only be transferred in scattered ways and short-term joint camp training. When the court has sufficient financial resources, the combat effectiveness of this field army can still deal with "public security wars". When the court is in financial difficulties, a group of "beggars" with no training stumbles on the battlefield.
In fact, this situation has happened. After the loss of Jiangnan, the financial situation of the Yuan Dynasty had deteriorated greatly, and the subsidies issued to the guards' personal army were decreasing day by day. The military pay was paid in the past 60% to 70%, but now it is difficult to even half. As the court conducted a hook test, the situation worsened, and the officers increased their efforts to fill the gap. The currency reform made even worse. The newly discovered Yuanzhi banknotes and the old Zhiyuan banknotes were exchanged in one to five, causing the already poor guards' personal army to go bankrupt.
As far as Yuxi Timuer knows, the legal income of the soldiers of the guards is not as good as that of ordinary self-cultivated farmers, and even the income level of the tenant farmers is not as good as that of the "legal" living standards. If you want to improve slightly, you have to completely move towards the "illegal" hooligan path. Beggars and hooligans are called soldiers, so their family life can only be subsidized by various illegal income. Under this condition, both military skills and military self-esteem are gone, but in fact they are like city people. They are undisciplined, rewards and punishments, and they leave as soon as they see thieves.
At this moment, the generals asked the court to send guards to assist in the war. Yuxi Timur, who knew the truth, was of course unwilling. When he came to participate in the war, he not only had to provide food, grass and military pay as usual, but also paid combat subsidies. The court did not bear it. At this time, the landlords did not have any surplus grain, so it was definitely 800 that they would not want to pay these ten thousand households. In addition, these poor guards who could not survive came to the rich Lianghuai area and must try to improve it. This was tantamount to a disaster for the local area.
Thinking of all this, Yuxi Timuer flatly rejected the proposals of the generals and decided to rely on his own strength to complete the combat plan. He thought that as long as he planned carefully, he could minimize the risks. Once his plan was successful, it would not only force the Southern Dynasties army to retreat, but also gain huge benefits and alleviate the difficulties he faced. If he could capture the young emperor of the Southern Dynasties alive or conquer Lin'an, he would make unparalleled achievements.
Of course, Yuxi Timuer also knew the risk of defeat he faced, but at present, under the continuous dispatch of troops from the Southern Dynasties, agricultural production along the river was greatly affected, with poor grain harvests and reduced taxes. However, the court not only did not reduce or exempt, but also increased taxes. In order to solve the current dilemma, he had to kidnap the court by launching wars to overcome difficulties, avoid the difficulties of the hook and relieve the financial difficulties of the province.
In contrast, Yuxi Timuer felt that the risks faced by crossing the south of the Yangtze River were worth it, and who made him poor! So as soon as possible, the generals kept opposing, and he decided to implement the established combat plan and concentrate the main force across the river. Of course, as a reserve means, he also ordered the mobilization of Jianding troops from various units as reserves to defend the key points in order to prepare for the worst case of the Song army conquering the direct driving hinterland of Yangzhou...
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"Your Majesty, the latest information sent by the Bureau of Affairs!" In the cold night, the door of the camp's imperial tent was lifted, and Tan Fei entered the tent with a cold air and reported.
"Oh, what are the changes?" Due to Ying Xi, the head of the first office of the Imperial Front Office, insufficient ability, Zhao Bing could only transfer the most important intelligence work to Tan Fei for management. After hearing the newspaper, he waved his hand and asked his left and right to retreat, and asked him to come forward to report.
"Your Majesty, the Henan Station of the Bureau of Affairs reported that the three 10,000 teams stationed in Duwanhu Mansion, Henan, north of the Yellow River, have moved to Huainan and gathered in Gaoyou recently; the troops of Duwanhu Mansion of Duwanhu Mansion of Hebei, Shandong, have also been moved to Gaoyou. They judged that the Mongolian and Yuan dynasties will take major actions in the near future. According to the news they heard that they would go out to help Yangzhou and encircle our army. As for the true intentions, they are still inquiring!" Tan Fei reported.
"Then where do you think the Mongol Yuan's attack direction is?" Zhao Bing thought for a moment and asked Tan Fei back.
Chapter completed!