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Fan Zhichang's development ideas and Li Hu's ideas for kings complement each other, forming a complete and clear path to the rise of Middle-earth. However, this is just an idea, and no one knows whether it can be successful.

Li Hu was carrying his hands on his back and paced slowly in the house, thinking.

Fan Zhichang gave further explanation.

In the past dynasties of Central China, the basic national policies were to respect the foundation and suppress the end, and to emphasize agriculture and commerce. Only the dynasty should pay equal attention to agriculture and commerce. The basic condition for promoting the equal importance of agriculture and commerce is that agricultural production has improved, and grain output has increased while the land remains unchanged, which has solved the problem of the people's stomach. Only when the people's stomach problems can they live and work in peace. As the population increases, daily consumption increases, and food, clothing, housing and transportation needs to be met. Therefore, consumption demand is strong, which has the possibility of a rise of trade. Similarly, because of the increase in the population, more and more people have no land to cultivate, the court must solve this problem, so the court must try to transfer a large population to handicrafts and commerce to promote the development of handicrafts and commerce.

As agriculture has developed, there is a surplus of grain and silk cloth, handicrafts have developed, and there are more and more consumer goods of all kinds, while commerce has developed, which has quickly promoted the circulation of grain, silk cloth and other consumer goods.

With the combined efforts of many conditions such as population increase, farming and manual technology development, strong consumption demand, and court policy support, the equal emphasis on agriculture and commerce became a basic national policy. This was determined by the national conditions and could not be stopped by manpower.

If China and Turkish want to develop and increase its national strength, it must take the path of both agriculture and commerce and commerce.

Starting from this basic idea, change is indeed necessary, but the idea of ​​change cannot violate the laws of development. If it violates the laws of development, it will inevitably fail and will inevitably be severely punished. On the contrary, following the laws of development will inevitably contribute to the success of change.

"The Chief Commander's idea of ​​reform adheres to Wang Jinggong's reform philosophy, which is financial management. To put it bluntly, it is to solve the financial crisis, and the method is to suppress annexation, which means that the country is rich and the people are strong. But the country is rich first. In order to make the country rich, the court directly adopted a rough approach, which is to plunder the wealth of the people."

"People's wealth is mainly concentrated in the hands of bureaucrats, wealthy, wealthy and merchants. These people have power, land, mountains and workshops, and are prone to accumulate wealth. Plundering the people's wealth is plundering the wealth of bureaucrats, wealthy merchants, which naturally aroused their strong opposition."

"The arm cannot twist the thighs. When the reform is supported by the emperor, it is firmly promoted and implemented. These people have to take other measures to protect their wealth. The easiest way is to pass it on to the ordinary people, so the people suffer and the rebellion begins."

"Officials do not compete with the people for profit. This people not only refer to ordinary people, but also include bureaucrats, wealthy people and merchants."

"From the Wenjing Gong's reform law to the Caijing new policy, the reform has been effective, and the financial crisis has indeed improved. Some reform policies such as the equal transportation law, the Qingmiao Law, the Water Conservancy Law, the Immunity Law, the Market Change Law, etc. are indeed beneficial to the country and the people, but in the end, these reform policies are all revisions and improvements to the Song Dynasty's laws. If they persist for a long time, they will definitely be effective."

"But why can't the law be persisted in Wenjing Gong's change? Because it infringes on the interests of vested interest groups, and these vested interest groups have passed this infringement on the heads of ordinary people. Therefore, although the reform eased the financial crisis, it has suffered the people, aggravated the conflict between officials and the people, and caused social unrest. The reform will naturally fail."

"Why did Cai Jing's new policy transform again?

It was still because of the same reason, but during Cai Jing's administration, war was consumed, disasters were consumed too much, royal bureaucrats were overlustered, and corruption and financial expenditures were amazing. In order to make up for the financial deficit, Cai Jing had to increase the efforts to plunder. As a result, under the transfer of vested interest groups, the people finally forced the people to the road of rising up. The people rebelled, the country was in chaos, and foreign enemies invaded again, and the kingdom collapsed, and everyone was doomed together."

=

Li Hu stopped, stood in front of Fan Zhichang, and asked with a heavy expression: "Yunzhong, in your opinion, our reforms cannot get rid of the fate of failure, and we must repeat the mistakes of Wang Jinggong, right?"

"I do mean it."

Fan Zhichang did not deny that "any change will be painful, and a certain interest group needs to pay the price and make sacrifices for it. Obviously, the people who pay the price for change must be the people who are powerless and in power at the lowest level of society. This is the truth that the so-called demise, the people suffer, the people suffer, and the people suffer."

"In order to succeed in the reform, you took advantage of the turmoil in China and Earth to exclude all the new and old parties from the court,

This method may not be effective.”

Li Hu frowned slightly, lowered his head and said nothing.

"Cai Jing has done this method once. He launched the Yuanyou Party's case and threw the old party into hell and stepped on it. What's the result?"

"In today's world, wealthy and powerful are always bureaucrats and wealthy merchants. If your court has policies, they have countermeasures. On the top, they can use various complex relationships and hidden means to influence decisions; on the top, they can quickly win over and corrupt officials and get involved; on the bottom, they have countless ways to pass the losses onto ordinary people, and some methods are simply incredible and unheard of innovations. Even with the wisdom of the court, they may not be able to understand how much harm they will cause to the people in the end."

"From this foreseeable future, if our ideas for change are still limited to the shackles of 'suppression of annexation' and 'not suppression of annexation', then five years and ten years later, there will still be party struggles in the court and the people will still rebel. It is very simple, because the ultimate price of change is still borne by the people who are already in poverty, which will inevitably lead to the inevitable failure of our change."

Li Hu was shocked. Fan Zhichang was the grandson of Fan Zhongyan, and Fan Zhongyan's sons, especially Fan Chunli and Fan Chunren, are both the leading figures of the Yuanyou Party. Fan Zhichang was taught by his father and uncles since childhood. Of course, he is a firm conservative school and opposed reform. He is completely different from Zhao Mingcheng. Zhao Mingcheng's father Zhao Tingzhi was a firm reformist. Zhao Mingcheng was influenced by his father and insisted on reform. This is also an important reason why the old emperor later rehabilitated Zhao Tingzhi and re-appointed Zhao Mingcheng.

"So, what do you think our ideas for change should be?" Li Hu asked.

"Our core reform is of course financial management, and the financial management idea must be completely subverted. We must be freed from the shackles of "suppressing mergers" and "not suppressing mergers" to avoid repeating the failure of reform." Fan Zhichang said, "When I was in Sichuan and Shu, I discussed the issue of reform with the bureaucrats and wealthy merchants in Sichuan and Shu. My ideas for change were recognized by them. I think my idea was correct."

Fan Zhichang looked at Li Hu with a firm expression, "Our change must take a new path. The purpose of financial management is not to redistribute it based on existing wealth, but to create more wealth, and adjust wealth while creating more wealth.

The secondary distribution of the country is to achieve the ultimate goal of enriching the country and strengthening the people."

"Create more wealth?" Li Hu murmured, thinking for a moment with concentration, and asked, "Can you create more wealth by further expanding trade? Wealth should not be gold, silver and copper coins. Gold, silver and copper coins are just a measure of how much wealth is. The real wealth should be food, silk cloth, and something that can ensure the survival of the people. Insufficient food, insufficient silk cloth, and insufficient salt and iron, there are problems with the people's survival. What else can you talk about creating wealth? The role of trade is to promote the circulation of goods, and this kind of transaction itself does not create real wealth."

"I remember that although the Silk Road promoted trade exchanges between the East and the West and promoted cultural exchanges, it also brought disadvantages to Middle-earth." Li Hu said, "Those who were exported from Middle-earth to the West were silk, tea, iron, porcelain and other daily necessities, while those transported from the West were luxury goods such as gold, silver, jewelry, and fur. The pros and cons of this were clear at a glance. In the era of peace and prosperity, this kind of trade exchanges did not cause any obvious damage to Middle-earth. However, once Middle-earth reached a chaotic and disputed era, the trade exchanges between the East and the West had not created wealth, but instead seized wealth from Middle-earth, which greatly harmed Middle-earth's national strength."

"So..." Li Hu looked at Fan Zhichang and shook his head and said,

"Although I agree with the development of commerce and rebuilding the Silk Road, I do not believe that the further development of commerce will create more wealth for Sino-Turkey."

Fan Zhichang nodded, "The Chief Commander's view is completely correct."

"The reason why dynasties in the past emphasized agriculture and suppressed commerce was that they had insufficient food, silk and cloth, and serious shortage of daily necessities such as salt and iron. The merchants pursued profits and affected their own business, which was not conducive to the stability and development of the kingdom, and the improvement of the national strength of the kingdom. However, in this dynasty, the existing land produced food could ensure the needs of 100 million people. The excessive population needed to improve their lives after solving the stomach problems and food and clothing. They hoped to live a better life, so consumption demand was strong, and the rise of commerce was inevitable at this time."

"Commerce is emerging, and the south sells too much grain and silk cloth to the north, while the north transports cattle, sheep and fur to the south. The two sides communicate with each other, but the commerce itself does not create wealth."

"We all know that the developed commerce must meet two conditions: the development of agriculture and handicrafts. The land volume in this dynasty is certain. If the grain output wants to be further improved, in addition to vigorously reclaiming land and developing water conservancy, it is to improve the farming level. However, this requires the imperial court to continue to do so for a long time and continuously

Invest a lot of money. At present, the imperial court does not meet this condition, so the grain output does not have the possibility of immediate increase. That is to say, the real wealth of grain, such as grain, will not be able to increase for a long time in the future."

"So, what about handicraft industry? Can the development of handicraft industry create more wealth for Middle Earth?"
Chapter completed!