chapter 15 teaching
As an adjutant, he had to follow the superior, at least not too far away, and he had to be on call. Zhuang Jihua and Jiang Xianyun thought it was the case at first, but Sun Yat-sen only gave them a bunch of books, including the Kuomintang's Declaration, the Three Principles of the People, the History of Imperialist Invasion of China, etc., and then he asked them to read and gave him his reading experience every day. Now the two understood that Sun Yat-sen was teaching them personally. Jiang Xianyun was a little embarrassed, and Zhuang Jihua knew why he was in a difficult situation, but he couldn't persuade him. He didn't care. He didn't know what he believed in. He would write an article every time, but he still wrote some things from his previous life without realizing it.
For example, for the equal land rights, he believed that the method of verifying national land prices proposed by Sun Yat-sen would not work, and proposed to adopt the method of increasing income tax to calm the gap between the rich and the poor. This is very common for later generations, but it is very novel in this era.
Jiang Xianyun disagrees with this, and the two argue in front of Sun Yat-sen.
Jiang Xianyun quoted the Communist International theory of landlords and rich peasants to refute Zhuang Jihua, believing that this is a concession to the exploiters and that the exploiters should be allowed to return the wealth they exploited the working people to the working people.
Zhuang Jihua believed that exploitation could not be completely eliminated, and forcibly average wealth was a violent invasion of private property, which violated the principle of freedom. Moreover, the wealth of most landlords and rich peasants came from their own hard work and good at managing their families, and was good at managing the business, and bullies were the minority.
Jiang Xianyun sarcastically said that being good at management is essentially a snatch, and the accumulation of wealth is the exploitation process. At the same time, he quoted Marx's description of capital, which shows that this accumulation itself is a crime.
Zhuang Jihua agreed with Marx's description of capital, but did not think that exploitation was a crime. He explained that since the birth of business, exploitation has existed objectively. One of the basic purpose of capitalists opening factories is to make money. If they don't make money, what kind of factory will he open? Similarly, farmers have thrifty families and some eat food in Yin. Putting aside other reasons, once a natural disaster is encountered, the latter will inevitably have to borrow, but no one has the responsibility to lend you, and paying a price is inevitable. Therefore, exploitation is not a crime, but an inevitable result of the development of the commercial society. To completely exploit, commerce must be completely eliminated, and commerce is impossible.
Jiang Xianyun retorted that it was OK to eliminate exploitation, and the Soviet Union did it.
Zhuang Jihua was a little embarrassed. He could not say that the Soviet Union had completely failed in the 1990s. But he still insisted that the Soviet Union had not done it either, because there was still commercial exchange in the Soviet Union, but its exploitation had not yet been recognized.
Sun Yat-sen was very interested in listening to the two of them, but in the end he couldn't help but join in. He agreed with Zhuang Jihua's view on the wealth of most landlords and rich peasants, but he believed that Zhuang Jihua's approach was too slow, and he also yearned for the rapid increase in national strength of the Soviet Union after the revolution, believing that this would be a reference for China.
Zhuang Jihua said that the rapid increase in Soviet and Russian strength included a great crisis. It was the strong development of heavy industry at the expense of light industry and agriculture, resulting in unbalanced economic development and a distorted economy. This distortion will collapse the country's economy to a certain extent.
They decided to tie this land-induced discussion about exploitation.
The two people have the same views on the strategy of revolution, both of which believe that the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is the basis for the victory of the revolution. However, there are differences in foreign relations, and the main point of the differences lies in the main hostile countries. Jiang Xianyun believes that it is Britain, while Zhuang Jihua chooses Japan without hesitation.
Zhuang Jihua believes that Britain's strength has been weakened after the European war and is no longer able to interfere in China's internal affairs on a large scale. However, Japan is different. Japan has suffered no losses in the European war, and its national strength has risen instead of decline. Moreover, Japan has pursued a policy of foreign expansion since the Restoration of the Self-Diligence Administration, and its main direction of expansion is China.
Jiang Xianyun partially agreed with Zhuang Jihua's view on Japan, but he believed that Britain had major interests in China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The revolution would first develop into this area. Just taking back the concession would make the British anxious. He cited that behind the business group incident was the British government.
Zhuang Jihua also agreed that taking back the concession would make the British government feel very painful, but the key is that the UK does not have the strength to send a large number of army intervention. At most, a few warships will be sent to demonstrate, and it is impossible to send an army.
The two argued many times, sometimes in front of Sun Yat-sen, sometimes in their rooms, time passed slowly, and Sun Yat-sen no longer urged the army to go north in a hurry, but just sent a symbolic telegram, with a few words of criticism inside. This made each army have different understandings, but Sun Yat-sen did not explain. Zhu Peide, who had arrived in Shaoguan, came to the camp several times to complain, and Sun Yat-sen only comforted him a few words. The only purpose of Sun Yat-sen who knew was Chiang Kai-shek and Liao Zhongkai. The two received a secret order from Sun Yat-sen to make all preparations for suppressing the merchant group by force.
On that day, Sun Yat-sen reviewed the notes of the two people, and after a few words, he suddenly asked: "How do you think you should resolve the business group incident."
Zhuang Jihua and Jiang Xianyun both realized that what Sun Yat-sen needs now is a reason. In the early stage, the government had reached an agreement with the business group, and now it needs to be resolved by force. If there is no good reason, then the government's prestige will inevitably be affected and will be passive in politics.
Jiang Xianyun first said: "The students suggested gathering students from the Whampoa Military Academy and the Peasant Army of the Workers' Corps outside Guangzhou City, and then mobilizing workers and farmers to petition the government to demand that the government disarm the merchant group."
Zhuang Jihua thought about it but said, "Students thought it would be enough to wait."
When Sun Yat-sen and Jiang Xianyun were a little puzzled, Zhuang Jihua continued to explain: "The merchant gang members are all composed of some rich children. It is okay to scare gangsters in normal times, but it is not enough to go to the battlefield. There is no need to assemble many troops. As for..., do you know, rich people have a bad habit, that is, they like to cause trouble. These people are usually arrogant and have suffered such a big loss. Now that we have to wait for them to cause trouble, then it is time for us to take action. As for the troops, the students recommend not to transfer from Shaoguan, just quietly arm the Huangpu students and the Workers' Army. As long as the first battle is destroyed, Xiguan, its command center, and control Guangzhou City as quickly as possible, the merchant gang armed the other places can be decided."
After hearing this, Sun Yat-sen rebuked angrily: "When they cause trouble? How many people will we die when they cause trouble? Are these people not our revolutionary masses? Let them die in vain? What if they don't cause trouble? Do you want to instigate them to cause trouble? The Cultural Revolution, the revolution cannot only seek the purpose and ignore the means. Such means can only succeed for a while. Revolution is a righteous cause and cannot be achieved through dark means."
When Zhuang Jihua heard this, his face turned red. That's what he meant. He imagined that he only lacked one reason now, so he would look for a reason or create a reason. It was easy for Americans to do this in their previous lives.
Then Sun Yat-sen said: "The business group is not a bad organization. It has made a lot of contributions to the revolution a few years ago. I remember all of these. But now his leaders are ambitious. Just say that he should buy guns. With his existing armed forces, he can completely protect the business company. What should he do if he buys so many guns? These must not be wary of the government. This is also the reason why I am determined to solve the business group."
Zhuang Jihua's face turned red and apologized to Sun Yat-sen: "Prime Minister, I was wrong. It was because I was eager for quick success and had poor thoughts."
Sun Yat-sen said earnestly: "Many people have this kind of thinking, but this method is wrong. Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty Li Shimin once said that if I treat people with sincerity, people will treat me with sincerity. To achieve my goal, such success is more terrible than failure. If this continues, the revolution will lose its original position."
Although Zhuang Jihua apologized, he didn't agree with it. Politics is dirty, and politics depends on integrity... The Prime Minister is too idealistic.
Seeing that Zhuang Jihua was embarrassed and wanted to help, Jiang Xianyun asked, "What do the Prime Minister thinks it should be resolved?"
Sun Yat-sen said: "The business group has existed since the early years of the Republic of China, and its members have been spread all over Guangdong and have a relatively wide influence. It is best to solve the problem with political solutions. It is best to incorporate them if they can be included. If not, then it is good to keep them in the status quo for the time being."
Zhuang Jihua and Jiang Xianyun were shocked when they heard this, and knew that Sun Yat-sen had retreated from the stance of resolute suppression.
Sun Yat-sen seemed to know their thoughts, and then said, "Do you want to ask, my position has changed again? No, I have never changed. There is a saying in the Cultural Revolution that the business troupe is not strong in combat. If it were not for Chen Jiongming, no one could do anything with the business troupe alone. Our confidant is still Chen Jiongming. Without the business troupe, Chen Jiongming could still attack Guangzhou, block the border of Jiangxi and Guangdong, or buy unstable members in our team, so it would not be resolved that Chen Jiongming could not fight the northern expedition."
Jiang Xianyun still didn't believe it and asked, "But..."
Sun Yat-sen interrupted him: "But we stayed in Shaoguan, neither advancing nor retreating, right? This is because I have to look at it again..."
Zhuang Jihua and Jiang Xianyun understood what Sun Yat-sen said, it was to look at the business group.
After this conversation, the two clearly felt that Sun Yat-sen's review of their notes became more and more detailed, and even some small opinions also stated a large number of words.
However, the development of the situation ultimately disappointed Sun Yat-sen.
On October 10th, the Double Tenth Festival, all walks of life in Shaoguan held a conference to celebrate the National Day. Sun Yat-sen delivered a passionate speech at the meeting. The central topic was naturally the Northern Expedition.
In the afternoon, the tragedy of the merchant group shooting at the people of the Double Tenth Festival in Guangzhou, killing more than 20 people and injuring more than 100 people. After receiving this news, Sun Yat-sen was furious and all his fantasies about the merchant group were thrown behind him. He immediately ordered Xu Chongzhi, Liao Zhongkai, Wang Jingwei, Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Youren and Tan Pingshan to form a revolutionary committee and serve as a member of the plenipotentiary committee. He ordered the association to act cheaply in the name of the president to quell the rebellion of the merchant group.
On October 11, Hu Hanmin ordered all the Guangzhou merchant regiments to dissolve and disarm the military organs, and ordered the Shaoguan Guards and part of the Northern Expedition Army to return to Guangzhou to fight against the rebellion. On the same day, the "punishment of the merchant regiments" was issued. Chiang Kai-shek and Liao Zhongkai, who had been prepared early, led the Whampoa student army, armored chariots, and peasant self-defense troops to quickly capture Xiguan that night. Chen Bolian and Chen Gong fled to Hong Kong. On the 12th, the armed forces of merchant regiments in various places scattered one after another, and all shops in Guangzhou opened on the 15th.
The news came and the Grand Marshal's camp was jubilant. The Huangpu students in the escort team were happy and worried about the casualties of Huangpu students who were the main force to suppress the rebellion. Yesterday, the victims were Huangpu students.
Zhuang Jihua didn't know that due to his intervention, the rebellion of the Shang regiment was pacified two days in advance. The wind flapping the butterfly's wings was gradually strengthening.
On the 14th, Sun Yat-sen returned to Guangzhou and refused to mention the Northern Expedition. The Huangpu Student Guard returned and was ordered to return to school soon.
On the 17th, Sun Yat-sen convened Hu Hanmin Liao Zhongkai, Wang Jingwei and Bao Luoting to hold a meeting to discuss Chen Jiongming's expedition in the Eastern Expedition.
However, soon after, news came that Wu Peifu was defeated and the situation in China suddenly changed.
On October 22, Feng Yuxiang led his troops back to Beijing from the front line to imprison President Cao Kun, forcing the Beijing government to issue an arbitrage order, announcing the removal of Wu Peifu's position. He then defeated the Zhi army commanded by Wu Peifu in Yangcun, Tianjin. This move led to the collapse of the main force of the Zhi army in Shanhaiguan. Wu Peifu fled to the south in a warship in Tanggu.
Wu Peifu from the north was busy running away, Zhang Zuolin was busy driving the troops to the Pingjin line, Feng Yuxiang was busy contacting all parties to prepare for the threat from the Fengtian clan, and Duan Qirui was busy dreaming and wanted to make a comeback.
However, in the south, an army that China had never had before was slowly being formed. Two years later, this army will set off a frenzy, sweeping half of China.
Chapter completed!