Chapter 106 Innovation (3)
Tuduo Cao summarized the numbers reported by various states and basically grasped the number of land and population in the country. Of course, this number is definitely not particularly accurate, but under the current historical conditions, it is the optimal result.
In another time and space, the Southern Dynasty also carried out earth-breaking many times. Although it achieved certain results, it still failed to achieve complete results in the end.
The main reason is that all dynasties cannot handle land and population statistics, and the concealment is too serious, and the royal family is hesitant, and the senior officials oppose it. How can the corruption of the administration be successful?
As for the Ming Tuduo, the most advanced and systematic statistical and probability knowledge taught by the Tianjing Yusuan Academy, established models, input elements, and concluded that the scientific spirit that spanned thousands of years was closely combined with Xu You's unparalleled courage, the unprecedented manpower invested by the court, and the huge and surging public opinion support, and finally emerged from the curse of the feudal dynasty.
Therefore, after the goal of territorial dynasty was basically completed, the connection between the middle and lower-class gentry and the top aristocratic families was successfully cut off, and Xu You decided to take advantage of the victory and vigorously advance the inspection.
The inspection of the household registration is an upgraded version of the local dynasty. The local dynasty only cancels the counties and counties of the overseas Chinese prefectures and counties, and turns white households into yellow households. It targets middle and lower-class overseas Chinese gentry, and has little impact on the status of top families and local aristocratic families.
It's like killing a dog with a dull knife, grinding it to death little by little.
But Jianji directly inserted the knife into their chests!
For example, the state stipulates that a man can occupy a maximum of 70 acres of land for each person, and a woman can occupy a maximum of 30 acres of land for each person. This is the upper limit. As for whether you occupy enough, the court will not care.
However, when paying taxes, men have to pay according to fifty acres, while women have to pay according to twenty acres. As for whether you have so much land, the court will not care about it.
As long as people are not stupid, they have to find ways to avoid such shameless laws. Therefore, many Qi people made tricks on the yellow household registration book, and those who were related to the family registration book were falsely reported, or they pretended to be sick, or they added and pretended to be gentry, so as to gain the privileges that only gentry enjoyed.
It doesn't matter, and they also actively or passively abandon their own farmland and join the family, aristocratic clans, officials and landlords as tenant farmers. They only pay tenant rent to their owners and do not have to pay taxes or service to the state.
This is what is called "theft of titles, theft of years and months, the increase and loss of three cases, and the trade attacks on thousands of times. Some households are stored but the documents are gone, or people are there are dead, and they are stopped and private servants are interdependent, and they are strong and they are called six diseases. They are registered and managed by households. This is not the case."
As time goes by, the country's population and tax revenue will decrease, the people will become poorer, and the family members of the aristocratic families will be rich.
The purpose of the household registration is to eliminate household registration who add titles to father and grandfather to impersonate gentry, verify the household registration of people who fled, hide their hometowns, hiding their hometowns, and claiming to be sick, and determine their household registration based on their actual situation.
This is a war between the country and the aristocratic clans for labor!
War requires cruel people.
Xu You urgently transferred Yu Zhong, the prefect of Liyang County, to Beijing, and ordered him to be the procuratorate envoy, who was fully responsible for the procuratorate affairs of each state.
Yu Zhong knew that this was an offending job, so he deliberately refused, but before he could speak, Xu You said, "This time, I want to kill someone! You are my confidant, and you have no scruples in the Southern Dynasties. If you should kill someone, you should do it. I will deal with it. When the inspection is completed, you will be rewarded with the position of Duke and Marquis!"
The implication is that Yu Zhong, you are my person. Now it’s time to use you. If you are disobedient and engage in a family, I will also kill people. If you are obedient, you will be granted the title of Duke and Marquis in the future, and you will be honored as a marquis.
How smart Yu Zhong is? Xu You forced him to be a pure minister, and he had no choice but to be loyal to the Taiwei.
Perhaps, from the time Wei fled to Chu, he lost the right to choose!
Yu Zhong took office obediently, and he acted in a serious manner. Unlike the killing of one person when the land was cut off, he used severe punishments and cruel laws. Anyone who dared to hide and refused to report was found that there were more than five people in the household registration and more than one meter of land was abandoned in the city.
The hard work of the early territorial cuts showed convenience at this time. The court actually had most of the data. As long as it was screened again, it would be easy to find the offenders, and then arrest one batch and kill another batch. It would soon get on track and be fully laid out.
However, the rebound came faster than expected. In just half a month, more than 30 violent anti-French incidents occurred in Jiang, Yang, Xiang, Jing and other places, but they were all pacified in a timely manner due to the strong intervention of the military.
Yu Zhong even brought his men and horses to fight in person, but he still didn't retreat after being shot on his shoulder, showing the fierceness of the Hu people.
For a moment, there were bloody storms and blood. When I heard of the name of Zhong, the child did not dare to cry at night.
If you encounter a murderous maniac like Yu Zhong and cannot fight martial arts, then you can fight in literature.
The gentry began to use old routines to write articles, compile songs and ballads to slander Xu You, trying to put pressure on him. But they still don’t understand that Xu You is different from those reformers in the past.
He knew the right path, so he was determined unshakable. He had the support of the army, so he was fearless. As a great master, he was not afraid of assassination. He was a contemporary literary scholar, and one article was comparable to the hundreds of articles they wrote.
More importantly, today's most powerful public opinion tool is in the hands of Xu You. When using national resources to carry out bombing propaganda, those slandering and spreading rumors are like waves dripping into the sea, and they cannot cause any turmoil.
Seeing that Wendou didn't work, I started to reason.
In order to gain reputation and stay too dormant for too long, Yu Mao was very worried about his actions. He gathered dozens of dissatisfied with the procuratorate and took the initiative to seek justice from Xu You, saying that the procuratorate released a large number of tenant farmers, fugitive slaves and refugees, and that the land of the aristocratic clans could not be found to be cultivated. If this continues, it will still cause desolation. Wouldn't it be back to the previous situation? Why should the land be cut off and why should the procuratorate be investigated?
Xu You was waiting for them. In order to solve this problem that worried the family, he announced the abolition of the bad habit of "sealing mountains and occupying waters" and returned to the old system of the Qin and Han dynasties. The mountains, forests, waters and waters belong to the state. No one or any family is allowed to possess them for no reason.
As for the previous possession, it will be refunded as appropriate and may not be taken again in the future.
In this way, we can reverse the dilemma of "the rich and strong are all occupied by the mountains, while the poor and weak are not responsible for firewood and firewood."
This is more than just a slap in the face, it is simply kicking the face to the ground and rubbing it.
Do you think there are too many lands and few people?
OK, I won’t add people to you, but I will reduce the land for you.
Yu Mao and others were shocked. It turned out that the clown was me?
Even Gu Zhuzhang couldn't stand this time. Several heads of the family and Xu You's father-in-law Zhang Ji all secretly asked for a meeting and asked Xu You's bottom line.
Xu You said sincerely, saying, "Why can the family be rich and poor? Seeing that the Northern Wei Dynasty was about to recover from the chaos in the past few years, if we were to take a step slower, we would die without a place to bury ourselves. At that time, hundreds of thousands of iron hooves would go south and the country would be in a state. Your family's resources would be just temporarily preserved for the Yuan family."
But he could not do anything, saying, "The ban on mountain and lakes has been since the Empress Dowager, and the princes and below cannot be avoided, including me. However, it will decrease according to the grades of your families, and will not let everyone lose their food, right?"
Everyone was speechless.
Now that Xu You's situation has come true, the land and the procuratorate use almost all the poor families. These people are vaguely rising into the court. Their support is important, but it is no longer indispensable.
If you fail to oppose it, you can only support it. At least follow Xu You, you will be able to maintain your position politically.
Let’s take the least one of the two evils!
Not long after, Xu You, in the name of Empress Dowager, nationalized the ten famous mountains and twenty-one lakes occupied by the royal family, and then nationalized all the mountains and lakes in Yixing, retaining only three mountains and two lakes in Qiantang. This is because Qiantang is the location of crucial institutions such as Cuiyuying, Fengying, Huqintang and Xuanji Academy, and must maintain a certain degree of privacy to prevent security loopholes.
But even if the mountain lakes in Yixing were not as good as the royal family, they were still huge wealth accumulated by generations. They were handed over quickly and neatly, leaving all doubters with nothing to say.
Only by being upright can you convince the public!
Other aristocratic families also refer to the Xu family's standards and reduce the number of mountains and lakes that have returned to the country in turn according to official ranks and titles.
After unified dispatch, the fertile and fertile land between the mountains and lakes was distributed to the poor people, and an agricultural cooperative was established, and the local prefectures provided agricultural tools and grain seeds, encouraged the people to help each other, and exempted the taxes from the previous three years, striving not to prevent these households who had finally turned from tenant farmers to self-cultivated farmers from losing again.
But these measures can only temporarily treat the symptoms and not the root cause!
To solve the root cause, tax laws must be reformed.
Looking at the tax system throughout the ages, the overall characteristics are: the standard of collection is from population to land and assets transition; the method of collection is changed from physical rent to monetary rent; the name of collection is changed from multiple components to single currency; the time of collection develops from irregular to regular; and the service of farmers has developed from having to serve to being able to serve on behalf of others.
From the tax acres in the early Spring and Autumn Period, Liu Han's oral tax system, to the Cao Wei household modulation, to the equal-field system and the rent-in-one modulation, all of them are dual methods of simultaneous taxation of population and land.
With the progress of the times, the court found that the duality law was too heavy to the burden on farmers. Once it encountered disaster years and major changes, a large number of self-cultivated farmers would go bankrupt, and then the land would be frantically annexed, which would affect all aspects of the country.
In order to change this situation, the two tax laws in the late Tang Dynasty still collected capita tax, but the census strength became weaker. The Fangtianjun tax law in the middle of the Song Dynasty also still collected capita tax, but the land tax was tilted towards the landlord class. The one-whip law in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and the dime was distributed to the mid-Qing Dynasty.
The core content of all tax law reforms is to make tax collection more convenient, the people have a lighter burden, make the country stronger, and gradually abolish population tax and only asset tax is levied.
Unfortunately, this process continued the entire feudal era. It was not until the emergence of the dimes that the counting tax was completely abolished in name.
What Xu You wants to do is to do it in one step!
His confidence lies in the effective promotion of Chameng rice that changed the situation of food shortage, and the explosive growth of the population has a material foundation; secondly, since the aristocratic families have been forced to a desperate situation this year, it is better to have a short pain than long pain. If you force them again, you might defeat them!
The new tax law began to convene talents who are proficient in the ministry of the Ministry of Revenue for research as early as when the soil was cut off. After the soil cut off and the inspection of the household registration was completed, the country accurately grasped a large amount of land and population, and had soil suitable for growth. It was officially promulgated and implemented at the end of the first year of Shengming.
This leap broke through the last line of defense of the aristocratic clans. They abandoned their fantasies and prepared to show up with Xu You.
Chapter completed!