Chapter 612 One Year (2)
?The first three-year plan was the industrial development plan formulated by Li Han himself in 1912. Although the power under his rule received support from Germany, Austria and the United States, the external environment it faced was quite harsh.-< >- .
Therefore, the external environment of the first three-year industrial plan at that time was very bad. I was worried that the construction cycle would be too long, which would eventually lead to the elimination of his own power before it even became a climate. At that time, Li Han summarized and drew on many historical industrial planning experiences in the Soviet Union and Republic periods, and the government controlled by him came forward to use foreign loans to invest in the construction of a number of military heavy industries that could quickly enhance his strength.
In order to quickly complete the three-year industrial plan, his government also took on a heavy burden. The shortening of engineering time has led to frequent quality problems and not mentioning them. The waste of funds caused by repeated construction of many projects is also a considerable amount of money. In order to complete heavy industries such as Chongqing Steel as soon as possible, in the case of insufficient technical workers in their own country, he had to hire a large number of foreign technical workers from Europe to fill the heavy industries under his command with high salaries. This led to a large number of foreign technical workers becoming the main workers of the factory in his previous three-year industrial plan. Once they went on strike or were recruited by their own country, at least 50% of the heavy industries under Li Han would fall into production cuts or suspensions due to the lack of a large number of technical workers.
However, the only thing that is thankful is that Li Han, who considered this situation early, even though the heavy industry under his plan hired more than 40,000 foreign technicians from Europe with high salaries in the past three years, these foreign technicians, mainly from Belgium and Luxembourg, especially Luxembourg. Luxembourg is a traditional European steel smelting power. This small European country with a population of only 400,000, but more than 60,000 people directly engage in work related to the steel smelting industry. After Germany annexed Luxembourg, in order to resist the German rule, the Grand Duke of Luxembourg who was exiled to Sweden secretly instigated a general strike of Luxembourg steel workers, almost destroyed more than 80% of the country's heavy industry within a week after Germany occupied Luxembourg.
As a result, the tenacity of the Luxembourg people angered Germany and also severely damaged its economy. The angry German emperor originally wanted to execute a large number of Luxembourg people, but at the request of Li Han, in order to pull China into the camp of the allies, Germany agreed to the Chinese ambassador to Germany to go to Luxembourg to work in China. The government hired four groups of nearly 20,000 Luxembourg workers in the name of the government to work in the Far East. There was no way, their country was occupied by the Germans. Luxembourg's economy also collapsed, and Europe was in a war, and it had not ended for a year. Even if someone wanted to flee to the United States, he had no money to buy a ticket, and in the end he was cheaper in China.
In general, there were many problems with the first three-year plan of industrial under the special background. However, after Li Han used the financial and material resources of the Republic of China to complete the first three-year plan, China already had a relatively solid industrial foundation and could support the re-development of industry.
So another more ambitious and government-oriented first five-year industrial development plan (1915-1919) was planned in 15 years and announced to the whole country through the Ministry of Industry. This industrial construction plan has attracted the high attention of various industrial powers. Although for countries that implement free economies in Europe and the United States, this planned economy of state interference violates the laws of economic development, so it scoffs at it, believing that the government has intervened too much in the economy and violates the principle of "free economy". However, it is undeniable that with the introduction of China's 15th Plan, the development speed of China's industry and economy is like adding a powerful engine, moving forward at a development speed second only to the United States.
The US government proposed to send an expert team to China for investigation, but in the end it failed to make a move due to the opposition of overwhelming free market economists in the country. The US government did not care much about this. Since the beginning of the European War in 2014, in just two years, the war has brought US$2.7 billion in war dividends to the United States, almost monopolizing more than 80% of the war dividends in Europe. The huge amount of war dividends has successfully infused the United States' thin military industrial foundation, although the military industry still only accounts for a small part of the US industrial system.
Now the entire United States has received dividends from the war and is more active in fighting for the war dividends of the European War.
Japan is another country that has been paying attention to China. Japan seems to have been inspired by the rapid development of China's industry. The Shigetsuki Okuma government seems to be actively lobbying Japanese senior officials and domestic chaebols, banks and business people. Although the results achieved are not obvious at present, this is not good news for China.
The rapid development of China's industry is indeed not good news for the industry of countries that are used to treating this country as raw material and commodity market. Because the country has been involved in the European war, capital in China is facing suppression by China and the government. Faced with increasingly strong Chinese goods, foreign foreign goods, especially the Chinese domestic market occupied by the manufacturing of Britain, France and Russia, is gradually occupied by Chinese goods. Cotton, ready-to-wear, daily necessities, chemical products, transportation, and even arms weapons. Foreign merchants have developed in surprise, and the people of this country seem to be able to give up foreign goods because the goods provided by their compatriots are cheaper and their consumption habits are more suitable.
Without the support of the central government, Chinese goods would not have started to counterattack the domestic market of foreign goods in such a short time. Moreover, after the beginning of the European war, the central government had established effective tariff barriers on foreign-made cotton textiles and other low-costs of manufacturing in China. In addition, the method of reducing and exempting domestic taxes, Japanese manufacturing fell into sluggishness after only a few months after making a comeback. Take Japan's export of big-headed cotton textiles, which currently only accounted for less than 10% of the market in the Chinese market. If it weren't for the more violent European market, the Japanese would have reopened the war with China. However, even so, the hatreds between the two countries have become more and more, waiting for a sudden outbreak in the future.
Although the domestic tax rate has been deliberately reduced, the finances have not shown any special difficulties. The war dividends brought by the European war have been fed China. In the past year and a half, China's trade volume with Britain and France has increased to 52.17 million pounds, equivalent to about 486 million GBP. Among them, China's exports are mainly made of "aspirin" drugs, cotton textiles and canned meats, and are accompanied by some Chinese-made Type 13 rifles and bullets, which have brought nearly 50 million GBP of fiscal revenue to the government. With Russia, China and Japan have launched a cruel Russian market battle, and finally passed the
By price advantage, it defeated Japan and snatched nearly 70% of Russia's orders. In the past year and a half, it exported up to 170,000 Mauser, Manlisha and various miscellaneous rifles eliminated by the Defense Forces to Russia. Anyway, the Russians wanted anything as long as the price was low. There were also wine, sugar, tea, canned meat, cotton coats and quilts, military uniforms, etc., which were the big heads of China's exports to Russia. Apart from artillery and grain, China rarely restricted any exports to Russia. As a result, by April 2016, the trade volume between China and Russia soared to 195 million rubles. From the Russians alone, China received a war dividend of nearly 200 million Chinese yuan.
In addition, the Chinese government has other obscure income that cannot be put on the table, such as drugs and counterfeit currency. The world demise theory that emerged with the European War has really opened up the market for drugs. Whether in Europe or the United States, a large number of people were on the verge of being crazy about the European war. For foreigners, Li Han and all Chinese people have a gritted hatred. From the beginning of the European War in 2014 to May 2016, China not only exported nearly 600 tons of drugs to Europe and the United States through the Bureau of Investigation, but also through other channels, bringing China a net profit of nearly 40 million US dollars. In addition, a large amount of counterfeit currency flowed into the world market, it is conservatively estimated that after the beginning of the European War, China's black gold income from only various channels was nearly 300 million US dollars.
Although the British pound is still the most valuable currency in the world today, since the outbreak of the European War, the US dollar has briefly become the strongest currency in the world. Nearly 300 million US dollars of black gold have been whitewashed through various channels and flowed back to China, bringing a large number of talents and machinery and equipment necessary for development to China.
The European War has fallen into a tough battle. In order to weaken the strength of the opponent and enhance the strength of its own country, the Allies and the Allies have launched diplomatic wars all over the world. At present, the Allies have obviously gained an overwhelming advantage in this diplomatic war. Because even China, a country that was once considered a German quasi-ally by the British government, chose to deal with the turmoil of the European situation with a neutral attitude. Of course, in order to win over the Chinese, Britain and the Allies have paid a lot of money. For example, they abolished the Chinese's ignorance of the "Xin Chou Treaty" and stationed in Tianjin and Yidu Xi'an, abolished the great powers in the power of stationing in Xindu Xi'an, and exchanged temporary acquiescence for a change in China's position. As for whether they would talk about these things again after the war, it is hard to say.
The relationship between China and the United States has become increasingly close, which is something that all powerful countries and even Chinese people can feel at present.
As of 16, there were more than 15 railway companies jointly established by the United States and China. The United States has invested at least US$270 million in capital and obtained the qualification to jointly build a 11,400-mile railway. In addition to railways, there have been 7 shipyards jointly established by US shipyards and China. It is estimated that by 17 years, China will have the ability to manufacture 350,000 tons of freight merchant ships annually.
The United States' investment in China can almost be said to cover all areas. Americans especially like to invest in railways, power plants and hydropower stations. They seem to have been investing in China with their own country's experience. The US government has also acquiesced to the flow of more and more surplus capital in the United States to the Far East and China. By participating in the construction of railways and energy industries, it will affect and even control China and the government in the future.
Under such circumstances, many Chinese citizens have noticed the relationship between China and the United States, and the existence of the "China Cultural and Educational Promotion Foundation". Since 15, a wave of Chinese young students has set off a wave of studying in the United States. In just under two years, more than 3,700 people in each province have obtained public funds to support studying in the United States. There are also many people who are studying in the United States at their own expense. Conservatively estimated that at least more than 700 young people have chosen to study in the United States at their own expense in the past year.
After the Xinhai Revolution, especially in recent years, the great development of the national economy brought by the European and Eastern winds. Even more than 300 million farmers in China enjoyed the benefits of the revolution because of supply and marketing cooperatives and agricultural tax reductions and exemptions. In the 16-year traditional New Year, farmers who had some spare money in hand also purchased a lot of New Year goods and cloth, which exuded purchasing power that was no worse than that of cities and towns.
This is probably the best era. This view is now gradually emerging in major domestic newspapers and has won the support of the people and all walks of life.
June 2, 1916, Beijing.
As the rising sun rises, a new day begins. The former Qing Dynasty dragon in Beijing has declined. This is probably the most touching thing for a group of old and young men living in Beijing in the past two years.
After the rooster crowed in the early morning of the new day, although there were constant passenger flows in the streets and alleys of Beijing, many of the shops on the market in Beijing were posted with dazzling black characters - Sell!
Beijing's economy is basically revolving around bureaucrats and governments. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were no less than 100,000 bureaucrats and family members in Beijing. These officials at the foot of the emperor were not sneezing. Many local officials would tremble for a few days. Although they received not much official salary every year, they could not stand the filial piety. After receiving one or two hundred million a year, they were extremely generous in whether they were taking action or buying or selling. When doing business in Beijing, as long as they could gain a foothold, they would be paid in a lot of money every year.
But now, there are a large group of Beijing officials who have left. As soon as they left Beijing, they lost their biggest wallet. Since the Revolution of 1911, this city has been the most affected by war in the country. First, a group of children from the Eight Banners of Manchu and Mongolia lost their iron rice bowls and fell down a bunch of shops. Later, a group of old and young men passed away during the Yuan Shikai period, and a bunch of shops fell down. After the new president changed the capital at the beginning of last year, more than half of the shops in Beijing were closed. This deformed city developed by the parasite system was indeed the most obvious place to have received the impact of the war.
If the National Defense Forces stationed in Beijing now had to purchase a considerable amount of supplies every month, I'm afraid Beijing's economy would have been depressed. Didn't you see anyone running away?
Under the escort of a team of casual guards, President Li entered Beijing in a carriage. This was the first time he had returned since he left here in January last year. Things changed. Looking at the scenery outside the car window that did not retreat, Li Han sighed: "The changes in Beijing are so great!"
In the carriage, Prime Minister Tang Shaoyi was also present. He nodded and was also very moved, "I have come back four times in more than a year, and every time I can feel that it is different. It is not getting better and better, but getting worse!"
Minister of Foreign Affairs Lu Zhengxiang also pushed his glasses, "There seems that there are less than 400,000 households in Beijing now, and all the residents are about to go, and they will not be worse than now. After the construction of the Beijing-Changchun Railway (Beijing to Changchun) is completed, Beijing will completely stabilize its status as a transportation hub connecting the mainland and the Northeast, and it will get better!"
Li Han nodded, but there was no smile on his face. He lowered his voice, "This incident was very bad and the impact was extremely bad. As soon as he came to Beijing the previous year, I opposed the government's continued to pay for the rice insects. I even thought about driving these incompetent rice insects out of the Forbidden City. But the country had just stabilized at that time, and considering that the country should not make any big moves to avoid affecting the unity between the nations, I had never taken action. Now, this slap hit our government in the face, it hurts!"
As soon as he spoke, Tang Shaoyi's face became ugly. He was somewhat embarrassed because as the Prime Minister of the Cabinet, who had been favored by the royal family of the previous dynasty, he repeatedly opposed the president's proposal to completely drive the Qing emperor out of the Forbidden City and confiscate royal assets. Unexpectedly, such a thing happened now, and it was impossible for him, the Prime Minister of the Cabinet, to say that it was not embarrassing.
Lu Zhengxiang sat aside and remained silent. He took out a cotton cloth from his pocket and carefully wiped his glasses, as if he had heard nothing.
After more than a year of peace and prosperity, many people in Congress have begun to take action after experiencing the initial discomfort. Their purpose is nothing more than seizing power from the president. After all, although Congress is nominally the highest legislative body of the country, it is not the highest authority. Although the Senate has the power to elect the president, the ones that have the greatest power in this country are not others, but the presidents elected by them. This is how can those men in Congress be willing?
After being honest for a year, I saw that the new president had a good temper and was not as difficult as Yuan Shikai. So some people became restless, and the Prime Minister of the Cabinet was their weapon. In the eyes of the men of the Congress, the Prime Minister of the Cabinet was originally elected to limit the president's power. So they kept contacting Tang Shaoyi and lobbying. After the New Year, the different opinions between the Prime Minister of the Cabinet and the President gradually increased.
Power is really that important? Isn’t it good to have such a good era?
After Lu Zhengxiang wiped his glasses and took off his eyes, his gaze became blurred, but his heart was bright. He could see the recent conflicts between the Prime Minister and the President clearly, and he was unmoved at all in the face of outsiders' lobbying. He was a qualified diplomat and an unqualified politician. However, he was very clear about the weaknesses of politicians, with soft bones and soft ears. Tang Shaoyi, now he was not sure that he was sitting firmly and approaching the Kuomintang and Progressive Party, but he forgot who helped him take power.
It's President Li!
A civilian prime minister wanted to fight a president who controlled the national military power, and he was a little worried. He was more inclined to be the strong President Li who held power, but if the Congress had too much trouble with Prime Minister Tang, he would have troubled him. Will the scene of President Yuan forcibly disbanding the Congress and driving the Prime Minister happening again?
Suddenly, I thought of a plan called the "National Militaryized Education General Book" submitted by Cai E, the head of the General Secretary of the Army. The plan drafted by Cai E, the head of the Army, is said to have given many reference opinions. He has also read it. All the articles are about strengthening the national military quality. It is proposed to start with education and conduct two months of militarization training on more than 1.7 million students currently on the country every year to cultivate loyalty and patriotism.
What kind of loyalty is loyalty? Is it still the president?
How can Congress pass this proposal? It is naturally stuck.
Lu Zhengxiang was very worried that in the face of increasingly obvious temptations from Congress, the president, who has always been very tough, would he really react excessively. Please see if there is no ads on the first release -< >- .
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Chapter completed!