Whenever a new country is established, Downing will always give the new country a new look, such as sugar-coated shells, strange buildings, and so on. This time the establishment of the Chinese Federation happened to encounter a major outbreak of the North American Horse Flu, which started in Toronto and spread to New England, becoming an international hot topic.

The western United States under the Windsor Empire immediately launched strict quarantine procedures and took the opportunity to issue a "outside" of Nature to disclose a working method of the quarantine agencies under the Windsor Empire. That is, genetic testing of disease receptors such as horses, donkeys, mules, etc.

First, we need to find out the genetic characteristics of the horse influenza virus and then compare it with the quarantine results. Among them, the most technical content is gene sequencing technology. It is also the reason why "Nature" became a hit.

When Tang Ning "submitted" to "Nature", he often used the names of many members of the Global University of Technology Alliance, which made people unaware that it was all made by him alone. This time, in order to boost the popularity of Beijing, he used the name of the newly established Pasteur Institute of Peking University. If you want to ask Pasteur, he didn't know anything, and he read the articles himself with relish.

The sequencing method published in Nature is the DNA chain polymerization suspension method. It uses nucleotides with one less oxygen than normal DNA to mix into the polymerization reaction, so that a large number of chains with one dideoxynucleotide at random positions will stop replication, so a large number of chains of varying lengths will be obtained.

Theoretically, one million base pairs require at least 1 million short chains of length. Each of these one million short chains can be marked by a dideoxynucleotide. You can obtain the base pair sequence of the entire long chain by measuring the ends of these one million short chains.

So the question is, how do you know which of the four kinds of dideoxynucleotides are added at the end? The wonderful thing about "Nature" is that it solves this problem. Divide DNA into four parts, and only one kind of doeoxynucleotide is added for each part, so it is possible to confirm which kind of doeoxynucleotide is terminated on a certain part of DNA. The only difference after being marked in each part of DNA is the length of the chain.

By measuring the length of the chain again, you can get the position of the nucleotide. At this time, electrophoresis can be used to make the short chain race in the electric field. The shorter the chain is less resistance to the field (gelatin), and the further it runs. In this way, the length of all short chains can be obtained. One length corresponds to one position, then all the positions of a certain nucleotide are measured, and four times will be measured and all the information will be obtained.

The article in Nature ends here. In fact, the skills at the bottom of the box will not be announced. The method used by Tangning's team is not to foolishly record the results of electrophoresis one by one, but to dye the DNA chain with fluorescence. After electrophoresis, it is OK to just analyze the imaging on the photosensitive element.

This is a very classic PCR. When sequencing on a large scale, electrophoresis will become a speed bottleneck. Tangning’s real killer is that he does not need electrophoresis at all. A short-chain race takes more than 20 minutes and cannot afford to be injured. Therefore, high-throughput detection technology is about to be born.

The core principle of high-throughput is still inspired by PCR, divided into four groups, and four nucleotides are added at a time, but only one of them is an enzyme cascade reaction, one chemical catalyzing the other, with as many as four, combined into a reaction chain. The final goal is to make DNA grow and shine while replicating. One peak after another will appear on the timeline of the generation of this chain, clearly displaying the position of a certain nucleotide on the chain.

This is named after one of the core energy transfer objects, called pyrosequencing. Its speed is a miracle, and it can analyze millions of samples in a single reaction.

DNA molecules are too large and are often cut into very large samples before analysis. In medicine and quarantine, sometimes DNA molecules from various organisms are piled up in a mess, and can also be mixed together and measured at the same time.

Human DNA has about 3 billion base pairs. If you only use the PCR method, it will take decades to test it. The pyrophosphate method can take as long as it takes, so the huge amount of data generated has become a difficult point in analysis. This magical skill Tang Ning will not be published for the time being, and PCR's paper is already very sensational.

Peking University became famous in one battle and became a leader in biology. There were so many Chinese students who consulted and applied for the exam. Beijing natives wondered why so many four-eyed foreigners came at once?

The Windsor Intercontinental Empire has set up a gene sequencing center for each continent, including Asia in Beijing, Europe in Luxembourg, North America in Seattle (Seattle again, Jet has been placed here, so let's add more effort because the population has expanded very well, San Francisco, which has expanded very well), South America is in Rio de Janeiro, and Africa also has one in Canberra, on the edge of Victoria, the largest lake in Africa.

These are all the first batch. In fact, major powers such as India, Israel, and the Soviet Union will also have sequencing centers later. In order to prevent the spread of horse flu, the United States, as an allies, has to condescend under the pressure of herders who use horses to engage in animal husbandry and thus suffer heavy losses, and outsource the customs quarantine department to the Windsor Technology Empire. New York's customs flights to Seattle every day just to more accurately measure the virus genes for livestock such as horses and mules.

Biologists from the Allied Powers are actually very puzzled. If we follow the detection efficiency of PCR, the Seattle Gene Sequencing Center will not be able to complete such a large number of samples on time every day. Isn’t it a fool to fool us?

There is no way to be wondering. Allied scientists have initially reproduced PCR's work and thought it was reliable. They can only sequence small batches in the laboratory and have no ability to set up their own testing centers for the time being.

Once again, we saw the national character. The United States, Britain, the Netherlands, Canada and other countries outsourced the quarantine department. Japan hesitated and joined the ranks. France, Prussia, the Qing Dynasty, and Russia still defended their positions and replaced rationality with politics. At worst, they would never allow foreign horses to be introduced! The Qing Dynasty even banned beef and pork, and all animals were banned.

You can see the irrationality of the civil subjects when you look at the virtues of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Tang Ning was very moved and decided that the Chinese Federation would weaken the interference of public opinion on administration and implement an autonomous plan for the academic committee to grasp leadership.

Chinese people attach great importance to the ranking of departments, and Tang Ning has to follow the customs. Various academic committees are queued up in line with importance. The first is the Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development Committee. The chairman is naturally Chinese, but because China has always attached little importance to the environment, there are many foreign members of this committee.

Surprisingly, the second-ranked Chinese Studies Committee was the Chinese Studies Committee. I thought that the uneducated person, Tang Wang, was disdainful of Chinese culture. It can be seen that what he said was a scientific outlook on development with kindness towards Chinese Studies was not just a saying. There are so many fun things in Chinese culture, so we must naturally protect them. For example, the literati tradition of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, especially painting. According to Tang Ning's view, it is much better than Japanese Ukiyo-e paintings.

However, these who can join the Chinese Studies Committee have a certain scientific foundation. It would be difficult for you to use the medical skills and Feng Shui techniques handed down from ancient times to get along.

One thing the Chinese Academy of Sciences does to protect folk customs is to revive the tradition of firecrackers during the Chinese New Year and Festival. Of course, it has compromised with the Environmental Protection Committee, and does not use physical firecrackers such as black firecrackers, but encourages the production of electronic firecrackers. These electronic firecrackers are amazing. Those with GPS are only allowed to be fired in certain prescribed blocks, and there is also a time limit. It is impossible to give you three kilograms in the middle of the night. Even after New Year's Eve, you will not be allowed to make any noise after one o'clock in the morning.

Ranking third: China Industry Association Committee. It is responsible for formulating industry rules for all industries. Now there are many and very sound guilds in China. The policies are mainly proposed by them. Finally, the committee serves as a referee and coordinates the interests of each guild.

The importance of this department is that economic development depends entirely on them. The core of economic modernization is the modernization of vocational education. Tang Ning can finally implement his excellent policies for vocational education in the guild with great fanfare.

This industry committee has introduced a large number of foreign committee members, especially Germany, whose vocational education is the world's top vocational education.

Fourth: Judicial Committee. The old rules, introducing British and American foreign committee members who are quite talented in judicial practice, helping China to legalize.

The country is reorganized, and the great Independent Commission Against Corruption can be resurrected with full blood. It also implements a remarkable world-wide "bribers are vulnerable groups and are not punished by law. Bribers can be recovered when reporting, and relevant departments have the responsibility to protect the whistleblower that cannot be ignored. The bribers will be severely punished, and the highest punishment can be punished as a lifelong slave and will go to Brazil to serve their sentences."

This is very similar to Guo Songtao when he was in power, greatly increasing the possibility of long-term suspicion from the outside world: the Qing Dynasty in the past was likely to have reformed and reformed under the promotion of Windsor, otherwise it would not have been so thorough and radical.

Sixth: Human Rights Commission. The focus is that the Commission is responsible for providing basic survival benefits to anyone in the Greater China Federation, whether it is a citizen, a tourist, or an illegal entry, with the right to apply for identity certification and obtain free food.

The city’s central kitchen will sell food in the form of a vending machine at a free food distribution center. People who are in a proletarian state can get a free food with a bracelet containing identity information.

For citizens, they have the right to apply for free housing. Of course, this depends on the government's productivity. Who doesn't like low-rent housing such as Tibet, but now the country has a large base of people, and it is unlikely that there will be such benefits.

The exception is that citizens who have passed the primary education really have the right to housing. The state will give priority to their residence. In the early days, all productivity will be used to build free apartments for "cultural people" until they find a job.

After finding a job, you can still live in a free apartment that is not wrong, but you have to start paying a certain amount of rent so that the country can further expand the welfare population. The Federation of China strives to build housing benefits for all citizens in ten years.

The house is not easy to do, and the clothes are much simpler. The Human Rights Commission has a unique benefit to send a new piece of clothing to the public. It is designed by a famous Italian designer. It is simple and beautiful, and it saves materials. If you are not "your own people", at first glance on the road, you would think it is a fashion brand, why don't you have to sell it in all shopping malls?

In order to keep the applicant safe, these free new clothes will not be promoted, and they will also change the style every once in a while, which will definitely change every season.

Food, clothing and accommodation are basic guarantees, and even travel is also possible. Buses issued from residence to free food are free for applicants, and long-distance travel in places with a large amount of labor needs is also free, and unemployed vagrants are encouraged to develop there.

The Seventh Committee: Intellectual Property Committee. It truly protects some intangible patents, copyrights and other things that are not in traditional culture.

These are all rather weird committees, all occupying the top rankings, and taxation, finance, police, transportation, postal, and national defense are all placed behind, greatly weakening the status of these traditional "strong" departments.
Chapter completed!