Liaodong, the pain of the Ming Dynasty;

Liaodong, the wounds of the Ming Dynasty;

Liaodong, the shame of the Ming Dynasty;

Liaodong, the humiliation of the Ming Dynasty!

The pain of the Ming Dynasty was in the people of Liaodong. No matter how concealed and confused it after the Qing Dynasty, the facts were there. Almost all the residents of Liaodong in later generations were descendants of the people of North China during the "Crossing Guandong" period. Did the indigenous people of Liaodong disappear for no reason?

When Nurhaci first entered Liaodong, the slogan was "Given Nikan", eliminated the bad policies of the Ming Dynasty, and rescued the people of Liaodong. What was the result?

How can there be a perfect egg in the vast nest? Will the invaders treat the invaders equally? The land has been occupied by the enemy, do you still want to have a stable life? Later, those who believe in him are basically dead.

At the beginning, Nurhaci made a "Ji Ding Supplementary Field" and seemed to be trying to fight the local tyrants and equalize the land. As a result, he encircled most of the fertile land in Liaodong and was granted to the children of the Eight Banners. The rest was "Ji Ding Supplementary Field", and he had to pay taxes, serve labor, spend free labor to plant imperial fields, and also to draw children to fight. It was even more cruel than the Ming Dynasty's court!

If this is the case alone, it would be fine. No matter how hard or tired the people are, they can still survive. However, when the nature of the invaders is exposed, their doomsday will come.

Nurhaci and Huang Taiji, the rulers of the Later Jin Dynasty, were both known for their fierceness and cruelty. They had many reasons for their murder:

Under their harsh political exploitation, there are always Liao people who rise up to resist. Their approach to the rebels is usually "fires in the city gate, which will affect the fish in the pond". Once the resistance occurs, the Later Jin Dynasty will immediately carry out a cruel suppression. And no matter whether you participate in the resistance or not, all Liao people in the rebellion area will either slaughter them all or be arrested as slaves!

Is it okay if you don’t resist? That’s wrong. The Later Jin Dynasty will regularly send troops to investigate the Liao people. Those who beg for life will kill them directly, saying that you are lazy, do not farm, waste food, and kill them. Those who do not meet the standards will also kill them. Why are there so little food in your family? If you don’t farm well, you want to escape back to the embrace of the Ming Dynasty. If you have bad intentions, what’s the point of killing them? If you have too much food at home, you will kill them. Everyone is taught by Jing Ding. Why are you so much food in your family? You must be a troublemaker. Kill!

Anyway, even if you are poor, you are rich, you are lazy, you are diligent, you are rebellious, you are rebellious, you are killed, you are killed, you are killed, you are killed, even if you are not killed, you will be captured as a slave. The Later Jin Dynasty has only been in charge of Liaodong for more than ten years, and the original residents of the entire Liaodong were almost slaughtered. Those who escaped by chance all became slaves to the children of the Eight Banners. Only a few lackeys and traitors were incorporated into the "Eight Banners of Han" and worked for the Later Jin Dynasty as puppet troops.

Originally, the Honda people were rich in valleys, the greeds were rich in fishing, the mountain people were rich in wealth, the sea people were rich in goods, and the rich in food and clothing. The fertile and beautiful Liaodong was greatly reduced. The number of people who were pilled by the Later Jin Dynasty was barren, the fields were deserted, the houses were destroyed, and all industries were withered. The pain of the Liao people was almost in a state of dying.

The injury to the Ming Dynasty was in finance. There were various objective reasons for the demise of the Ming Dynasty, but the most direct reason was that there was no money. The financial crisis was the fatal injury of the Ming Dynasty.

Because there was no money to provide disaster relief, the victims rebelled; because there was no money to pay food and pay, the army mutiny; because there was no money to support the border army, the combat effectiveness of the border army continued to decline, resulting in the final collapse. The financial crisis of the Ming Dynasty began in Liaodong, the invasion of the Later Jin Dynasty, and the military expenditure of Liaodong that was higher than one year.

The Invasion of Liaodong by the Later Jin Dynasty began in the 46th year of Wanli (1618 AD). Before that, although the Ming Dynasty was not very rich, the people's lives were still quite good. This can be seen in the indirect descriptions of some folk chapter novels.

For example, there is a Romance of the Romance: When the Ming Dynasty was passed down to Wanli, it did not mention other benefits, but only said that it was not cheap to eat firewood, rice, oil, salt, chicken, duck, fish, meat, etc.? For example, a family of several people, the daily fish and meat cost only 20 or 30 cents, which is considered a big expense. There are also small families who carry shoulders and shoulders and earn twenty or thirty cents a day to live a day. At night, you can eat some wine, tell jokes drunkenly, sing Wu songs, listen to stories, enjoy the coolness in winter, and play in all kinds of ways. At that time, everyone lived a very happy life, and the thirteen provinces in the north and south.

Before the Later Jin invaded Liaodong, the Ming Dynasty's army was not weak. For example, the Ningxia battle that suppressed the Tatars Bobai rebellion, the Korean battle that fought against Toyotomi Hideyoshi's invasion, the Boju battle that suppressed the rebellion of chieftain Yang Yinglong, and the Ming-Myanmar battle that lasted for more than ten years, the Ming army achieved the final victory.

But since the Invasion of the Later Jin Dynasty, the situation has completely changed. The military expenditure of the Ming Dynasty in Liaodong gradually increased. In the 47th year of Wanli (1619 AD), the military expenditure of Liaodong had reached three million taels. By the 16th year of Chongzhen (1643 AD), the military expenditure of Liaodong had risen to a terrifying nine million taels!

At that time, the Ming Dynasty's annual tax was only more than 20 million taels. Apart from the salaries of officials and the daily expenses of the court, the other army could not raise so much military expenditures. As a result, the wages were delayed, and the wages were increasingly severe, and all aspects of expenditures were unsustainable, which led to the rebellion of the hungry people, the army's mutiny, the lack of equipment, and the combat power of the border troops continued to decline. The entire Ming Dynasty was unable to support it and finally collapsed.

The financial wound is so deep that it can be said that it directly killed the Ming Dynasty.

The shame of the Ming Dynasty lies in the cowardly, incompetent, fighting in a mess or even directly surrendering to the Later Jin generals.

During the Battle of Sarhu, Li Rubai, the chief general of the Ming army, acted slowly and missed the opportunity to fight. The Later Jin Dynasty did not use one army and one soldier on him, but he led more than 20,000 Ming troops to flee in a hurry, resulting in trampling on each other and killing and wounding more than 1,000 people. It's shameful!

Then, there was Wang Huazhen, the governor of Liaodong, who talked about war on paper and ignored the actual situation and advocated a counterattack against the Later Jin Dynasty. When the Later Jin army arrived, he abandoned Guangning and fled without fighting. It was shameful!

Of course, they are not the most shameful ones. Behind them are the Ming Dynasty generals Hong Chengchou and Zu Dashou were defeated and captured, and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, causing the entire Liaodong to be lost. These two people are even more shameful.

When it comes to the most shameless, the four major vassal kings in the early Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui, Kong Youde, and Geng Zhongming, were Shang Kexi. These four people can be said to be shameless. Not only did they lead their troops to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, but they also helped the Qing Dynasty attack the Ming army, especially Wu Sangui, the King of Pangxi, and led the Qing army into the pass. As the pioneer of the Qing army, they led their troops to attack the Nanming and led their troops to Myanmar, forcing the Burmese King to hand over the Emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming, and finally hanged him with his own hands. The traitor has done this to such an extent. It can be said that no one can match it for the ages. It is shameful, shameful, shameful!

The humiliation of the Ming Dynasty was caused by the slaves of the Later Jin Dynasty. Nurhaci, the Taizu of the Later Jin Dynasty, was only a commander of a garrison under the commander of the commander of the Ming Dynasty, and there were 329 commanders of the internal and external guards like him. In addition, there were also commanders of the commander of the guards, and the left and right governors of the governor of the Five Army Governor's Office. It can be said that he was just a middle-level general of the Ming Dynasty.

Although he later unified the Jurchen tribes and established the Later Jin regime, the total population of the Jurchen tribe was only about one million. Even if the whole people were soldiers, there were only more than one hundred thousand young men who could gather together. At this time, the Ming Dynasty had a population of over 100 million, and the regular army alone was no less than one million. It can be said that the two were not on the same level at all!

If someone said before the Battle of Sarhu that the Later Jin Dynasty could defeat the Ming Dynasty, it would definitely be considered as a mental disorder. What a joke, one million to one million, and one hundred times stronger than oneself, is it possible?

However, the Ming Dynasty was really defeated by an opponent who was a hundred times weaker than him, and almost lost the entire Liaodong in one battle! It can be said that the Later Jin Dynasty created a miracle of defeating the strong with the weak. The Ming Dynasty also created a miracle, with millions of miles of country and ruled billions of people, but was beaten by a middle-level general under his control without any power to fight back. It was a shame!

The humiliation in Liaodong has almost become a taboo, a big taboo. Few people are willing to mention it. Even if it is mentioned, it will make people who see it, and even become angry. Some people will even be confused in an instant and start...

I won’t talk about it here. Besides, I’m afraid I’ll be pointed out by Qianhu. Let’s go back to the topic and continue to talk about Emperor Chongzheng Zhu Cijiong.

Liaodong, Liaodong, our Emperor Chongzheng Zhu Cijing traveled through time, and naturally knew how much pain Liaodong had brought to the Ming Dynasty and how much shame the Later Jin Dynasty endured.

When he first ascended the throne, the Ming Dynasty was in turmoil, internal struggles continued, and natural disasters continued. At that time, the Ming Dynasty could be said to be extremely weak, and he did not dare to touch the taboo of Liaodong at all.

It’s not that he didn’t want to recover Liaodong, but he didn’t dare to think about it at all. At that time, the Ming Dynasty could not recover Liaodong at all. Without money and food, and without army, he couldn’t even control the dynasty. How could he fight with others?

It's different now. In the past four years, he has successively dealt with the eunuch party group and the Jiangnan scholar-official group. All civil and military officials and generals have been replaced with capable and trustworthy people. Most of them are his confidants. Even if they are not his confidants, they are basically good officials who are dedicated to serving the country and the people, honest and upright, and honest. As long as he doesn't do too out of order, these people will basically not oppose him.

It can be said that the entire court is under his control, and the recovery of Liaodong has a solid political foundation.

In terms of finance, he not only obtained hundreds of millions of taels of silver from the Eunuch Party Group and the Jiangnan Scholars and Doctors Group, but also established the Japanese Xinglong Business and the Ming Atlantic Trade Company. Now these two huge entities have gradually gotten on track, and their monthly income is no less than tens of millions of taels.

It can be said that Emperor Chongzheng is not short of money now, and he has a solid economic foundation for regaining Liaodong.

In terms of the army, he successively promoted famous generals such as Qin Liangyu, Lu Xiangsheng, Sun Chuanting, Shi Kefa, and other Liaodong generals, including Sun Chengzong, Yuan Keli, Yuan Chonghuan, Man Gui, Cao Wenzhao. It can be said that the Ming Dynasty is now full of powerful generals. As for the number of troops, after several expansions, the Ming Dynasty now has 200,000 Jingying Imperial Guards, 300,000 Liaodong Army, 100,000 Tianxiong Army, 100,000 Qin Army, 250,000 Northwest Army, and nearly 300,000 Southeast Army. In addition, the original border army, the Ming army is no less than 1.5 million!

It can be said that now we can gather 100,000 or even 200,000 troops to expedition to Liaodong at will. We already have a strong military foundation for regaining Liaodong.

Finally, the most important point is that with the improvement and application of muskets and artillery, the Ming army had completely suppressed the Later Jin cavalry in field battles, and hot weapons had begun to dominate the battlefield, and the days of relying on cavalry to conquer the world are gone forever.

Now, the Ming Dynasty has the conditions to recover Liaodong in terms of politics, economy and military. With the advantages of thermal weapons, the confidence to recover Liaodong is even greater. Zhu Cijiu naturally no longer hesitates:
Chapter completed!